CULTURAL DIPLOMACY: THEORETICAL AND PRACTICAL FRAMEWORK

Year 2019, Volume: 12 Issue: 2, 1210 - 1238, 27.07.2019

Aslı Yağmurlu

https://doi.org/10.18094/josc.596331

Cited By: 16

Abstract

Cultural diplomacy is considered as a part of public diplomacy and an element of soft power for nations. There are three pillars of soft power, political values, culture and foreign policy. In this article, cultural diplomacy is regarded as cultural artefacts which are promoted by the state authorities in order to raise its reputation and foster relationships internationally. Although there is no clear consensus about definiton of culture, it is agreed widely that elements of national culture is used as tools for diplomacy. This study concentrated on how Foreign Ministries understand culturel diplomacy and to answer this research question their web sites are inquired with the content analysis method. There are two resources that contribute to cultural diplomacy. One is academicians who are studying in this topic and the second is the ministries of foreign affairs which takes the responsibility of the activity. In this review France, Germany, Italy and Turkey Ministries of Foreign Affairs official web pages are reviewed for cultural diplomacy activity. The data from internet sites’ led the assesment of culture, education and professional relationships as subtitles of cultural diplomacy

Keywords

Culture, diplomacy, cultural diplomacy, soft power, public diplomacy

KÜLTÜREL DİPLOMASİ: KURAM VE PRATİKTEKİ ÇERÇEVESİ

Abstract

Kültürel diplomasi, kamu diplomasinin
bir alt başlığını oluşturmaktadır. Bir ülkenin yumuşak gücü o ülkenin siyasal
değerleri, kültürü ve dış politikası tarafından belirlenmektedir. Kültür bu
nedenle önemli bir öğe olarak yer almaktadır. Kültürün tam olarak ne olduğuna
dair kesin bir oydaşma olmamakla birlikte ulusal kültürün pek çok öğesinin
diplomasi amaçlı kullanıldığı bilinmektedir. Kültürel diplomasi makalede
devletin kendi itibarını arttırma ve ilişki kurma amacıyla dolaylı ve doğrudan
kontrol ettiği kültürel etkinliklerin sunumu olarak değerlendirilmiştir. Bu
çalışma kültürel diplomasinin Dışişleri Bakanlıkları tarafından ne şekilde
algılandığı sorusuna odaklanmış ve örneklem olarak seçilen Dışişleri
Bakanlıkları internet sitelerinden sunulan metinleri içerik analizi yöntemiyle
kategorize ederek sınıflandırma amacını gütmüştür. Kültürel diplomasinin
sınırları iki kaynaktan beslenmektedir. Birincisi alandaki akademik çalışmalar
ve ikincisi kültürel diplomasinin devlet örgütlenmesi içinde konunun
sorumluluğunu üstlenmiş olan Dışişleri Bakanlıklarıdır. Fransa, Almanya, İtalya
ve Türkiye Dışişleri Bakanlıklarının internet sitelerindeki kültürel diplomasi
içeriklerine göre incelenerek kültürel diplomasi etkinliklerinin sınırları
ortaya koyulmaya çalışılmıştır. İnternet sitelerinden elde edilen veriler
sonucunda sanat, eğitim ve profesyonel ilişkiler başlıkları kültürel
diplomasinin alt başlıkları olarak ortaya çıkmıştır.

Keywords

Kültür, diplomasi, kültürel diplomasi, yumuşak güç, kamu diplomasisi

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