Research Article
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Real Life vs. Virtual Life: Big Five Personality Traits, Facebook Use and Leisure Activity Engagement

Year 2020, Volume: 13 Issue: 3, 1176 - 1201, 19.10.2020

Abstract

The popularity of using Facebook (FB) is widespread among all generations all around the world. This study investigates connections between FB use, leisure activity engagement, and personality traits. Older users’ FB usage was more intensive than younger users’, confirming that FB is aging as well as its users’ age. Frequent and longer hours FB users found less time to see their relatives and friends. But at the same time, those who spend more time with their relatives and friends and less time with FB are the ones who had a high number of FB friends. This may be because of a firm connection between online and offline friendship. Extraverts and agreeable people had a high number of FB friends, but preferred spending times with their relatives and friends instead of being connected to FB online. Consequently, intensive FB usage resulted in less leisure activity engagement.

References

  • Amichai-Hamburger, Y., & Vinitzky, G. (2010). Social network use and personality. Computers in Human Behavior, 26, 1289–1295. doi:10.1016/j.chb.2010.03.018 Błachnio, A., Przepiorka, A., Durak, E. S., Durak, M., & Sherstyuk, L. (2017). The role of personality traits in Facebook and Internet addictions: A study on Polish, Turkish, and Ukrainian samples. Computers in Human Behavior, 68, 269-275, doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.chb.2016.11.037
  • Briñol, P., & Petty, R. E. (2004). Individual differences in attitude change. In D. Albarracin, B. T. Johnson, & M. P. Zanna (Eds.), The handbook of attitude and attitude change (pp. 576-616). Hillsdale, N. J.: Erlbaum.
  • Chen, G. M. (2014). Revisiting the social enhancement hypothesis: Extroversion indirectly predicts number of Facebook friends operating through Facebook usage, Computers in Human Behavior, 39, 263–269, doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.chb.2014.07.015
  • Chua, Y. P., & Chua, Y. P. (2017). Do computer-mediated communication skill, knowledge and motivation mediate the relationships between personality traits and attitude toward Facebook? Computers in Human Behavior, 70, 51-59, doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.chb.2016.12.034
  • Cloninger, S. C. (2004). Theories of personality: Understanding persons. (4th ed.). New Jersey Pearson. Costa, P. T., & McCrae, R. R. (2006). Trait and factor theories. In J. C. Thomas, & D. L. Segal, Comprehensive handbook of personality and psychopathology, pp. 96-115. New Jersey: John Wiley & Sons.
  • Costa, P. T., & McCrae, R. R. (1992a). Four ways five factors are basic. Personality and Individual Differences (13) 6, 653-665.
  • Costa, P. T., & McCrae, R. R. (1992b). Revised NEO Personality Inventory (NEO PI-R) and NEO Five Factor Inventory (NEO-FFI): Professional Manual. Florida: Psychological Assessment Resources. Ellison, N. B., Steinfield, C., & Lampe, C. (2007). The benefits of Facebook "friends:" Social capital and college students use of online social network sites. Journal of Computer-Mediated Communication, 12 (4), 1143-1168. Ferris, A. L., & Hollenbaugh, E. E. (2018). A uses and gratifications approach to exploring antecedents to Facebook dependency. Journal of Broadcasting & Electronic Media, 62:1, 51-70, doi: 10.1080/08838151.2017.1375501
  • Francisco, L. R., López-Sintas, J., & García-Álvarez, E. (2016). Social leisure in the digital age, Loisir et Société / Society and Leisure, 39 (2), 258-273, doi: 10.1080/07053436.2016.1198598
  • Goldberg, L. R. (1999). A broad-bandwidth, public domain, personality inventory measuring the lower-level facets of several five-factor models. In I. Mervielde, I. Deary, F. De Fruyt, & F. Ostendorf (Eds.), Personality Psychology in Europe, Vol. 7 (pp. 7-28). Tilburg, The Netherlands: Tilburg University Press.
  • Hogan, R. (1996). A socioanalytical perspective on the Five-Factor Model. In Jerry S. Wiggins (Ed), The Five Factor Model of Personality: Theoretical Perspectives (pp. 163-179). New York: Guilford. Horzum, M. B. (2016). Examining the relationship to gender and personality on the purpose of Facebook usage of Turkish university students. Computers in Human Behavior, 64, 319-328, doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.chb.2016.06.010
  • Hughes D. J., Rowe M., Batey M., & Lee A. (2012). A tale of two sites: Twitter vs. Facebook and the personality predictors of social media usage, Computers in Human Behavior, 28, 561–569, doi: 10.1016/j.chb.2011.11.001
  • Jankovi, B., Nikoli, M., Vukonjanski, J., & Terek, E. (2016). The impact of Facebook and smart phone usage on the leisure activities and college adjustment of students in Serbia. Computers in Human Behavior, 55, 354-363, doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.chb.2015.09.022
  • Johnson, C. W. G. (2016). Personality Traits and Their Effect on Facebook User Habits, Master Thesis, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado.
  • Junco, R. (2011, a). The relationship between frequency of Facebook use, participation in Facebook activities, and student engagement. Computers & Education, 58(1), 162-171, doi: 10.1016/j.compedu.2011.08.004 Junco, R. (2011, b). Too much face and not enough books: The relationship between multiple indices of Facebook use and academic performance. Computers in Human Behavior, doi: 10.1016/j.chb.2011.08.026
  • Kuo, T., & Tang, H., L. (2014). Relationships among personality traits, Facebook usages, and leisure activities – A case of Taiwanese college students. Computers in Human Behavior, 31, 13-19, doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.chb.2013.10.019
  • McCrae, R. R., & Costa, P. T. (2003). Personality in adulthood: A Five-Factor Theory perspective. (2nd ed.). New York: The Guilford Press. McCrae, R. R. & Costa, P. T. (2013). Introduction to the empirical and theoretical status of the Five-Factor Model of personality traits. In T. A. Widiger and P. T. Costa (Eds.), Personality disorders and the Five-Factor Model of personality (3rd ed.) (pp. 15-27). Washington D. C.: American Psychological Association. Murphy, A. A. (2012). The Relationship Between Facebook Usage and Age, Social Anxiety, Self-Esteem, and Extraversion, Doctoral dissertation, Walden University.
  • Ong, E. Y. L., Ang, R. P., Ho, J. C.M., Lim, J. C.Y., Goh, D. H., Lee, C. S., & Chua, A.Y.K. (2011). Narcissism, extraversion and adolescents’ self-presentation on Facebook, Personality and Individual Differences, 50, 180–185, doi: 10.1016/j.paid.2010.09.022
  • Panayiotou, G., Kokkinos, C. M., & Spanoudis, G. (2004). Searching for the ‘‘Big Five’’ in a Greek context: the NEO-FFI under the microscope. Personality and Individual Differences, 36, 1841–1854.
  • Peterson, J. B. (2007). Between facets and domains: 10 aspects of the Big Five. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 93 (5), 880-896. Raad, B. D., & Perugini, M. (2002). Big Five factor assessment: Introduction. In B. D. Raad, & Perugini, M. (Eds). Big Five Assessment (pp. 1-26). Göttingen: Hogrefe & Huber Publishers. Rammstedt, B. & John, O. P. (2007). Measuring personality in one minute or less: A 10 item short version of the Big Five Inventory in English and German. Journal of Research in Personality, 41, 203‐212.
  • Rolland, J. P. (2002). The cross-cultural generalizability of the Five-Factor Model of personality. In R. R. McCrae, & J. Allik (Eds.), The Five –Factor Model of personality across cultures (pp. 7-28). New York: Kluwer Academic/Plenum Publishers. Sappenfield, B. R. (1954). Personality dynamics: An integrative psychology of adjustment. New York: Alfred A. Knopf. Shen, J., Brdiczka, O., & Liu, J. (2015). A study of Facebook behavior: What does it tell about your Neuroticism and Extraversion? Computers in Human Behavior, 45, 32–38, doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.chb.2014.11.067
  • Strang, S. E. (2006). Big Five Personality and Leadership Development Levels as a Predictors of Leader Performance. Master Thesis, Athens: The University of Georgia.
  • Taylor, D. G., Lewin, J. E., & Strutton, D. (2011). Friends, fans, and followers: Do ads work on social networks? How gender and age shape receptivity. Journal of Advertising Research, 51 (1), 258–275.
  • Torres, E. N. (2017). Online-to-Offline Interactions and Online Community Life Cycles: A Longitudinal Study of Shared Leisure Activities, Leisure Sciences, 1-19, doi: 10.1080/01490400.2017.1392913
  • Weng, P. Y., & Chiang, Y. C. (2014). Psychological Restoration through Indoor and Outdoor Leisure Activities, Journal of Leisure Research, 46:2, 203-217, doi: 10.1080/00222216.2014.11950320
  • Wiggins, J. S. (1973). Personality and prediction: Principles of personality assessment. Canada: Addison-Wesley. Vaughn, E. L. (2013). Find me on Facebook: A New Typology for Categorizing Online Personalities, Master Thesis, Californa State University, Long Beach: California.
  • Visconte, S. R. (2016). Personality Traits Related to Problematic Facebook Use, Doctoral Dissertation, Lousiana Tech University.
  • Zhou, R., Fong, P. S. W., & Tan, P. (2014). Internet use and its impact on engagement in leisure activities in China. PLoS ONE, 9 (2):e89598. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0089598
  • Žumárová, M. (2015). Computers and children´s leisure time, Social and Behavioral Sciences, 176, 779 – 786, doi: 10.1016/j.sbspro.2015.01.540

Gerçek Hayat ve Sanal Yaşam: Büyük Beş Kişilik Özellikleri, Facebook Kullanımı ve Boş Zaman Etkinlikleri Katılımı

Year 2020, Volume: 13 Issue: 3, 1176 - 1201, 19.10.2020

Abstract

Facebook (FB) kullanımı tüm dünyadaki tüm nesiller arasında yaygındır ve popülerdir. Bu çalışma FB kullanımı, boş zaman etkinliği katılımı ve kişilik özellikleri arasındaki bağlantıları araştırmaktadır. Daha eski kullanıcıların FB kullanımı, daha genç kullanıcılarınkinden daha yoğun çıkmıştır ve FB kullananların yaşlarının gittikçe arttığı ve yaşlandığı doğrulanmıştır. Sık sık ve daha uzun saatler FB kullanıcıları akrabalarını ve arkadaşlarını görmek için daha az zaman bulmuştur. Fakat aynı zamanda, akrabaları ve arkadaşları ile daha fazla, FB ile daha az zaman geçirenler, çok sayıda FB arkadaşı olanlardır. Bunun nedeni çevrimiçi ve çevrimdışı arkadaşlık arasındaki sıkı bağlantı olabilir. Dışadönüklerin ve kolay hemfikir olanların çok sayıda FB arkadaşı var, ancak çevrimiçi FB'ye bağlanmak yerine akrabaları ve arkadaşlarıyla vakit geçirmeyi tercih etmekteler. Sonuç olarak, yoğun FB kullanımı daha az boş zaman etkinliği katılımı ile sonuçlanmıştır.

References

  • Amichai-Hamburger, Y., & Vinitzky, G. (2010). Social network use and personality. Computers in Human Behavior, 26, 1289–1295. doi:10.1016/j.chb.2010.03.018 Błachnio, A., Przepiorka, A., Durak, E. S., Durak, M., & Sherstyuk, L. (2017). The role of personality traits in Facebook and Internet addictions: A study on Polish, Turkish, and Ukrainian samples. Computers in Human Behavior, 68, 269-275, doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.chb.2016.11.037
  • Briñol, P., & Petty, R. E. (2004). Individual differences in attitude change. In D. Albarracin, B. T. Johnson, & M. P. Zanna (Eds.), The handbook of attitude and attitude change (pp. 576-616). Hillsdale, N. J.: Erlbaum.
  • Chen, G. M. (2014). Revisiting the social enhancement hypothesis: Extroversion indirectly predicts number of Facebook friends operating through Facebook usage, Computers in Human Behavior, 39, 263–269, doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.chb.2014.07.015
  • Chua, Y. P., & Chua, Y. P. (2017). Do computer-mediated communication skill, knowledge and motivation mediate the relationships between personality traits and attitude toward Facebook? Computers in Human Behavior, 70, 51-59, doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.chb.2016.12.034
  • Cloninger, S. C. (2004). Theories of personality: Understanding persons. (4th ed.). New Jersey Pearson. Costa, P. T., & McCrae, R. R. (2006). Trait and factor theories. In J. C. Thomas, & D. L. Segal, Comprehensive handbook of personality and psychopathology, pp. 96-115. New Jersey: John Wiley & Sons.
  • Costa, P. T., & McCrae, R. R. (1992a). Four ways five factors are basic. Personality and Individual Differences (13) 6, 653-665.
  • Costa, P. T., & McCrae, R. R. (1992b). Revised NEO Personality Inventory (NEO PI-R) and NEO Five Factor Inventory (NEO-FFI): Professional Manual. Florida: Psychological Assessment Resources. Ellison, N. B., Steinfield, C., & Lampe, C. (2007). The benefits of Facebook "friends:" Social capital and college students use of online social network sites. Journal of Computer-Mediated Communication, 12 (4), 1143-1168. Ferris, A. L., & Hollenbaugh, E. E. (2018). A uses and gratifications approach to exploring antecedents to Facebook dependency. Journal of Broadcasting & Electronic Media, 62:1, 51-70, doi: 10.1080/08838151.2017.1375501
  • Francisco, L. R., López-Sintas, J., & García-Álvarez, E. (2016). Social leisure in the digital age, Loisir et Société / Society and Leisure, 39 (2), 258-273, doi: 10.1080/07053436.2016.1198598
  • Goldberg, L. R. (1999). A broad-bandwidth, public domain, personality inventory measuring the lower-level facets of several five-factor models. In I. Mervielde, I. Deary, F. De Fruyt, & F. Ostendorf (Eds.), Personality Psychology in Europe, Vol. 7 (pp. 7-28). Tilburg, The Netherlands: Tilburg University Press.
  • Hogan, R. (1996). A socioanalytical perspective on the Five-Factor Model. In Jerry S. Wiggins (Ed), The Five Factor Model of Personality: Theoretical Perspectives (pp. 163-179). New York: Guilford. Horzum, M. B. (2016). Examining the relationship to gender and personality on the purpose of Facebook usage of Turkish university students. Computers in Human Behavior, 64, 319-328, doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.chb.2016.06.010
  • Hughes D. J., Rowe M., Batey M., & Lee A. (2012). A tale of two sites: Twitter vs. Facebook and the personality predictors of social media usage, Computers in Human Behavior, 28, 561–569, doi: 10.1016/j.chb.2011.11.001
  • Jankovi, B., Nikoli, M., Vukonjanski, J., & Terek, E. (2016). The impact of Facebook and smart phone usage on the leisure activities and college adjustment of students in Serbia. Computers in Human Behavior, 55, 354-363, doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.chb.2015.09.022
  • Johnson, C. W. G. (2016). Personality Traits and Their Effect on Facebook User Habits, Master Thesis, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado.
  • Junco, R. (2011, a). The relationship between frequency of Facebook use, participation in Facebook activities, and student engagement. Computers & Education, 58(1), 162-171, doi: 10.1016/j.compedu.2011.08.004 Junco, R. (2011, b). Too much face and not enough books: The relationship between multiple indices of Facebook use and academic performance. Computers in Human Behavior, doi: 10.1016/j.chb.2011.08.026
  • Kuo, T., & Tang, H., L. (2014). Relationships among personality traits, Facebook usages, and leisure activities – A case of Taiwanese college students. Computers in Human Behavior, 31, 13-19, doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.chb.2013.10.019
  • McCrae, R. R., & Costa, P. T. (2003). Personality in adulthood: A Five-Factor Theory perspective. (2nd ed.). New York: The Guilford Press. McCrae, R. R. & Costa, P. T. (2013). Introduction to the empirical and theoretical status of the Five-Factor Model of personality traits. In T. A. Widiger and P. T. Costa (Eds.), Personality disorders and the Five-Factor Model of personality (3rd ed.) (pp. 15-27). Washington D. C.: American Psychological Association. Murphy, A. A. (2012). The Relationship Between Facebook Usage and Age, Social Anxiety, Self-Esteem, and Extraversion, Doctoral dissertation, Walden University.
  • Ong, E. Y. L., Ang, R. P., Ho, J. C.M., Lim, J. C.Y., Goh, D. H., Lee, C. S., & Chua, A.Y.K. (2011). Narcissism, extraversion and adolescents’ self-presentation on Facebook, Personality and Individual Differences, 50, 180–185, doi: 10.1016/j.paid.2010.09.022
  • Panayiotou, G., Kokkinos, C. M., & Spanoudis, G. (2004). Searching for the ‘‘Big Five’’ in a Greek context: the NEO-FFI under the microscope. Personality and Individual Differences, 36, 1841–1854.
  • Peterson, J. B. (2007). Between facets and domains: 10 aspects of the Big Five. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 93 (5), 880-896. Raad, B. D., & Perugini, M. (2002). Big Five factor assessment: Introduction. In B. D. Raad, & Perugini, M. (Eds). Big Five Assessment (pp. 1-26). Göttingen: Hogrefe & Huber Publishers. Rammstedt, B. & John, O. P. (2007). Measuring personality in one minute or less: A 10 item short version of the Big Five Inventory in English and German. Journal of Research in Personality, 41, 203‐212.
  • Rolland, J. P. (2002). The cross-cultural generalizability of the Five-Factor Model of personality. In R. R. McCrae, & J. Allik (Eds.), The Five –Factor Model of personality across cultures (pp. 7-28). New York: Kluwer Academic/Plenum Publishers. Sappenfield, B. R. (1954). Personality dynamics: An integrative psychology of adjustment. New York: Alfred A. Knopf. Shen, J., Brdiczka, O., & Liu, J. (2015). A study of Facebook behavior: What does it tell about your Neuroticism and Extraversion? Computers in Human Behavior, 45, 32–38, doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.chb.2014.11.067
  • Strang, S. E. (2006). Big Five Personality and Leadership Development Levels as a Predictors of Leader Performance. Master Thesis, Athens: The University of Georgia.
  • Taylor, D. G., Lewin, J. E., & Strutton, D. (2011). Friends, fans, and followers: Do ads work on social networks? How gender and age shape receptivity. Journal of Advertising Research, 51 (1), 258–275.
  • Torres, E. N. (2017). Online-to-Offline Interactions and Online Community Life Cycles: A Longitudinal Study of Shared Leisure Activities, Leisure Sciences, 1-19, doi: 10.1080/01490400.2017.1392913
  • Weng, P. Y., & Chiang, Y. C. (2014). Psychological Restoration through Indoor and Outdoor Leisure Activities, Journal of Leisure Research, 46:2, 203-217, doi: 10.1080/00222216.2014.11950320
  • Wiggins, J. S. (1973). Personality and prediction: Principles of personality assessment. Canada: Addison-Wesley. Vaughn, E. L. (2013). Find me on Facebook: A New Typology for Categorizing Online Personalities, Master Thesis, Californa State University, Long Beach: California.
  • Visconte, S. R. (2016). Personality Traits Related to Problematic Facebook Use, Doctoral Dissertation, Lousiana Tech University.
  • Zhou, R., Fong, P. S. W., & Tan, P. (2014). Internet use and its impact on engagement in leisure activities in China. PLoS ONE, 9 (2):e89598. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0089598
  • Žumárová, M. (2015). Computers and children´s leisure time, Social and Behavioral Sciences, 176, 779 – 786, doi: 10.1016/j.sbspro.2015.01.540
There are 28 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language English
Journal Section Research Articles
Authors

Serra Çelebi 0000-0001-7488-9234

Publication Date October 19, 2020
Submission Date February 20, 2020
Published in Issue Year 2020 Volume: 13 Issue: 3

Cite

APA Çelebi, S. (2020). Real Life vs. Virtual Life: Big Five Personality Traits, Facebook Use and Leisure Activity Engagement. Selçuk İletişim, 13(3), 1176-1201. https://doi.org/10.18094/josc.691841