Acaricidal Effect of Orange Essential Oil on Two Spotted Spidermite, Tetranychus urticae Koch (Acari: Tetranychidae) under Laboratory Conditions

Year 2023, , 410 - 417, 22.05.2023

İpek Yaşar , Şahin Kök , İsmail Kasap

https://doi.org/10.33462/jotaf.1148184

Abstract

Tetranychus urticae Koch (Acari: Tetranychidae) is one of the phytophagous pests that cause serious economic losses in many cultivated plants. In the control of T. urticae, the use of chemicals usually comes to the fore. However, the use of chemicals in excessive amounts and in inappropriate times and doses causes many negativities because they leave residue and toxic effects on the products. Recently, studies on the effects of extracts obtained from plants on agricultural pests have been increasing day by day and yield successful results. In the study, the effect of an insecticide, which is a commercial formulation of orange oil, on egg laying behavior and acaricidal effect on T. urticae at different doses were investigated. The experiments were carried out in laboratory conditions at 65±10% humidity and 25±2°C temperature conditions, on bean leaves, using leaf disc dipping method, using 5 different application doses (0.2, 0.4, 0.6, 1 and 2 ml of 100 ml-1 water) and 5 was carried out recursively. Observations were made at 1, 24, 48, 72 and 96 hours after the application by taking the counts of dead and live individuals. As a result of this study, the highest acaricidal effect on T. urticae individuals was determined with a mortality rate of 75.56% at 2% concentration of orange oil 96 hours after the application. In the 96th hour observations, the lowest acaricidal effect was detected at a concentration of 20% to 0.2%. Accordingly, it was observed that the acaricide effect increased as the concentration and duration of the orange oil studied in the study increased. When the effect of the insecticide with orange oil active substance on the egg laying behavior of T. urticae was examined, the number of eggs in the control group was determined as 99.40±1.26 at the same observation time, at the 2% concentration of the insecticide used, while 8.80±1.87 eggs were detected at the end of 96 hours. As a result, the acaricidal effect of orange oil on T. urticae shows that it can be used as an alternative control agent to chemical control.

Keywords

Egg-laying, Acaricidal effect, Herbal extract, Orange oil, Tetranychus urticae

Portakal Yağının Laboratuvar Koşullarında İki Noktalı Kırmızıörümcek, Tetranychus urticae Koch (Acari: Tetranychidae) Üzerine Akarisit Etkisi

Abstract

Tetranychus urticae Koch (Acari: Tetranychidae) birçok kültür bitkisinde ciddi ekonomik kayıplara sebep olan fitofag zararlılardan biridir. T. urticae’nin mücadelesinde genellikle kimyasal kullanımı ön plana çıkmaktadır. Ancak kimyasalların fazla miktarlarda ve uygun olmayan zaman ve dozlarda kullanımı, ürünler üzerinde kalıntı ve toksik etki bırakması nedeni ile birçok olumsuzluğa neden olmaktadır. Son zamanlarda bitkilerden elde edilen ekstraktların tarımsal zararlılar üzerindeki etki çalışmaları gün geçtikçe artmakta ve başarılı sonuçlar vermektedir. Yapılan bu çalışmada, portakal yağının ticari formülasyonu olan bir insektisitin farklı dozlarda T. urticae üzerindeki yumurta bırakma davranışına yönelik etkisi ve akarisidal etkisi araştırılmıştır. Denemeler laboratuvar şartlarında %65±10 nem ve 25±2°C sıcaklık koşullarında, fasulye yaprakları üzerinde, yaprak disk daldırma yöntemi ile 5 farklı uygulama dozu (0.2, 0.4, 0.6, 1 ve 2 ml 100 ml-1 su) kullanılarak ve 5 tekerrür olarak yürütülmüştür. Gözlemler uygulamadan 1, 24, 48, 72 ve 96 saat sonra ölü ve canlı birey sayımları alınarak yapılmıştır. Yapılan bu çalışma sonucunda T. urticae bireyleri üzerindeki en yüksek akarisit etkinin uygulamadan 96 saat sonra portakal yağının %2 konsantrasyonunda %75.56 ölüm oranı ile belirlenmiştir. 96. saat gözlemlerinde en düşük akarisit etki ise %20 ile %0.2’lik konsantrasyonda tespit edilmiştir. Buna göre çalışmada ele alınan portakal yağının konsantrasyon ve süresi arttıkça akarisit etkisinin de arttığı gözlenmiştir. Portakal yağı aktif maddeli insektisitin T. urticae’nin yumurta bırakma davranışı üzerindeki etkisine bakıldığında ise kullanılan insektisitin %2 konsantrasyonunda 96 saat sonunda 8.80±1.87 yumurta sayısı tespit edilirken aynı gözlem zamanında kontrol grubundaki yumurta sayısı 99.40±1.26 olarak belirlenmiştir. Sonuç olarak portakal yağının T. urticae üzerinde sağladığı akarisidal etki, kimyasal mücadeleye alternatif bir mücadele etmeni olarak kullanılabileceğini göstermektedir.

Keywords

Yumurta bırakma, Akarisit etki, Bitkisel ekstrakt, Portakal yağı, Tetranychus urticae.

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