FeSO4.7H2O, İndol-3-Bütirik Asit ve Farklı Besin Ortamlarının In Vitro Ceviz (Juglans Regia L.) Fidanı Çoğaltımı ve Mikroaşılma Üzerine Etkisi

Year 2024, , 748 - 758, 27.05.2024

Tuba Türen , Şeyda Savalan , Elif Pehlivan

https://doi.org/10.33462/jotaf.1368566

Abstract

Dünya genelinde Düzenli beslenme alışkanlığında önemli bir yere sahip olan ceviz, fonksiyonel gıda olarak tanımlanmaktadır. Ceviz bitkisinin adaptasyon kabiliyetinin yüksek olması, kaliteli yağ ve protein içerdiğinden besin değerinin yüksek olması, sanayide kullanımı ve bunlara bağlı ekonomik getirisi nedeniyle üzerinde durulması gereken bir tür konumundadır. Ceviz bitkisinde anaç ve fidan yetiştiriciliği Dünya'da önemli tarım faaliyetlerinden biri sayılır. Ancak çelik köklendirme ve fidanların büyüme süresinin uzun ve zor olması, yüksek verimli klonal üretim tesislerinin kurulmasına bir engeldir. Özellikle sağlıklı ve kaliteli ceviz fidanı üretim süreci diğer odunsu bitkilere göre daha karmaşık ve zaman alıcıdır. Bu araştırmada biyoteknolojik teknikler kullanılarak kısa zamanda kaliteli fidanların yetiştirilmesi amaçlanmıştır. Denemelerde genel olarak in vitro mikroçoğaltım tekniklerinde kullanılan besiyeri üzerine modifikasyonlar yapılmıştır ve bu modifiye besi yerlerinin, in vitro şartlarında yetişen sürgünlerin köklendirmesi ve in vitro mikroaşılama üzerindeki etkileri değerlendirilmiştir. Çalışmanın sonucuna bakıldığında ortalama sürgün (2.93±0.90) oluşumu için en uygun ortam 4 numaralı (5.4 µM NAA + 6.9 µM TDZ + 0.6 µM GA3 içeren Murashige ve Skoog) besin ortamından elde edilmiştir. Sürgün köklendirmeye yönelik denemelerde 14.7 ve 19.6 µM IBA ve 348.42 µM FeSO4. 7H2O içeren MS besin ortamından 10.33 ve 6 köklü (2.5cm kök uzunluğu) sürgünler elde edilmiştir. Mikroaşılama çalışmalarında 19.6 µM IBA ve 348.42 µM FeSO4.7H2O içeren MS ortamında iki mikro aşılanmış fide elde edilmiştir. Elde edilen 6 fidan 3 ay tam kontrollü yetiştirme odasında alıştırma süresini atlattıktan sonra bahçeye transfer edilmiştir. Çalışma sonucunda besi yerine uygulanan FeSO4.7H2O ve yüksek doz IBA in vitro köklenme ve in vitro mikroaşılı fidan elde etmede etkili olduğu gözlemlenmiştir. Çalışmanın sonuçları diğer odunsu bitkilerde yapılan klonal çoğaltım çalışmalara yardımcı olacaktır.

Keywords

Klonal çoğaltım, Mikroçoğaltım, Bitki büyüme düzenleyicisi, Bitki doku kültürü, Odunsu bitkiler

Influence of FeSO4.7H2O, Indole-3-Butyric Acid and Different Nutrient Medium on In Vitro Sapling Propagation and Micrografting of Walnut (Juglans Regia L.)

Abstract

Walnuts are considered a functional food and play a significant role worldwide in people's regular diets. The cultivation and trade of walnut rootstocks and saplings are crucial agricultural activities globally and in Türkiye. Rootstocks are used for grafting and propagating different walnut varieties, and they are essential for tree development, fruit yield, product quantity, and most importantly, their ability to adapt to various ecological conditions and resist diseases and pests. Fruit growing and production of fruit rootstocks of deep-rooted plants in horticulture is given high importance in many countries. However, poor rooting and slow-growing sapling prevent establishing high-yield clonal production. Especially walnut sapling propagation is more complicated and time-consuming than other woody plants. Our research aims to grow high-quality saplings by using biotechnological techniques. This study used modifications to the current in vitro basal medium and evaluated the effects on in vitro rooting and micrografting of walnut species. The optimal medium for shoots induction (2.93±0.90) of the plant was determined as 4 number medium (Murashige and Skoog (MS) nutrient medium with 5.4 µM NAA + 6.9 µM TDZ + 0.6 µM GA3 and solidified with 0.7% agar). In trials to develop sapling, the 10.33 and 6 rooted (2.5cm root length) shoots were obtained from MS nutrient medium with 14.7 and 19.6 µM of IBA and 348.42 µM of FeSO4. 7H2O, and two micrografted plants in MS medium with 19.6 µM of IBA and 348.42 µM of FeSO4.7H2O survived. After three months in the growth chamber, six saplings were ready for transfer to the field. Our findings suggested that FeSO4.7H2O and high dose IBA treatment in MS medium is efficient for in vitro rooting and obtaining in vitro micrografted saplings.

Keywords

Clonal production, Micropropagation, Plant growth regulator, Plant tissue culture, Woody plants

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