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Determination of Germination Characteristics of Covered Alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) Seeds in Drought Stress Conditions

Year 2020, Volume: 17 Issue: 2, 124 - 136, 27.05.2020
https://doi.org/10.33462/jotaf.520836

Abstract

Alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) is an essential hay product and a protein-rich forage crop which grow in arid and semi arid regions of the world. In this study, to improve the germination properties of alfalfa seeds, which are sensitive to environmental conditions during germination and early seedling development was aimed. For this purpose, seeds of Nimet alfalfa variety were covered with seed coating preparation, named Panoramix and germinated under drought stress conditions. Panoramix was applied in two concentrations; zero (control), 2 liters 1000 kg of seeds1 and 4 liters 1000 kg of seeds-1. A laboratory germination experiment was conducted in randomized parcel design with 4 repetitions. Six different drought stress levels (0, -2, -4, -6, -8 ve -9.8 bar) were handled in this study and were used Polyethylene glycol-6000 (PEG-6000) to create of drought stress at different levels. Panoramix was applied in 3 doses, as 0 doses (control), 2 liters / 1000 kg seeds and 4 liters/1000 kg seeds respectively. 50 seeds was laid in each petri dish and placed in germination cabinet (70% humidity, 20 °C temperature 14 hours light (2000 lux) 10 hours darkness). A greenhouse emergence test was performed using plastic pots filled with a mixture 50% soil + 50% sand. Four different drought stresses [0 (T0), %25 (T1), %50 (T2), %75 (T3)] were applied to the pots. At the end of the both experiments, germination rate was calculated and the fresh and dry weight of the shoots and roots, length of shoots and roots were determined. The results indicated that the coating treatmens positive contributied to the germination properties of alfalfa seeds under drought stress conditions.

References

  • Abdul-baki AA, Anderson JD, 1970. Viability and leaching of sugars from germinating barley. Crop Science, 10: 31-34.Açıkgöz E, 2001. Yem Bitkileri (3. Baskı) Uludağ Üniv. Güçlendirme Vakfı Yayın No: 182, Bursa.Ahmadi S, Ahmad R, Ashraf MY, Ashraf M, Waraich EA, 2009. Sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) Response to Drought Stress at Germination and Seedling Growth Stages. Pak. J. Bot., 41(2): 647-654.Aşçı ÖÖ, Üney H, 2016. Farklı tuz yoğunluklarının macar fiğinde (Vicia pannonica Crantz) çimlenme ve bitki gelişimine etkisi. Akademik Ziraat Dergisi, 5(1): 29-34.Avcıoğlu R, Geren H, Tamkoç A, Karadağ Y, 2009. Yonca (Medicago sp. L.). YEMBİTKİLERİ, Baklagil Yembitkileri, Cilt II, T.C. Tarım ve Köyişleri Bakanlığı, Tarımsal Üretim ve Geliştirme Genel Müdürlüğü, İzmir.Blum A, 1986. “Breeding Crop Varieties for Stress Environments”, Critical Reviews in Plant Sciences, 2: 199-237.Castroluna A, Ruiz OM, Quiroga AM, Pedranzani HE, 2014. Effects of salinity and drought stres on germination, biomass and growth in three varieties of Medicago sativa L. Avances en Investigacion Agropecuaria, 18(1): 39-50.Çarpıcı EB, Erdel B, 2015. Bazı yonca çeşitlerinde (Medicago sativa L.) kuraklık stresinin çimlenme özellikleri üzerine etkisi. Derim, 32(2): 201-210Deaker R, Roughley RJ, Kennedy IR, 2004. Legume seed inoculation technology-a review. Soil Biology and Biochemistry, 36: 1275-1288.Demiroğlu G, Geren H, Avcıoğlu R, 2008. Farklı Yonca (Medicago sativa L.) Genotiplerinin Ege Bölgesi Koşullarına Adaptasyonu. Ege Üniv. Ziraat Fak. Derg., 45 (1): 1-10.Eskandari H, 2013. Effects of Priming Technique on Seed Germination Properties, Emergence and Field Perfromance of Crops: A review. Intl.J.Agron.Plant.Prod., 4(3): 454-458.Hamidi H, Safarnejad A, 2010. Effect of Drought Stress on Alfalfa Cultivars (Medicago sativa L.) in Germination Stage. American-Eurasian J. Agric. and Environ. Sci., 8(6): 705-709. Heydecker W, Gibbins, B, 1978. The `priming` of seeds. Acta Horticulturae, 83: 213-215.Ingram J, Bartles D, 1996. The molecular basis of dehydration tolerance in plants. Ann. Rev. Plant Physiol. Plant Mol. Biol., 47: 377-403.Janmohammadi M, Moradi Dezfuli P, Sharifzadeh F, 2008. Seed Invigoration Techniquse to Improve Germination and Early Growth of Inbred Line of Maize under Salinity and Drought Stress. Plant physiology, 34(3-4): 215-226.Junges E, Toebe M, Santos RF, Finger G, Muniz MFB, 2013. Effect of priming and seed-coating when associated with Bacillus subtilis in maize seeds. Revista Ciência Agronômica, 44(3):520-526. Kalefetoğlu T, Ekmekçi Y, 2005. The Effects of Drought on Plants and Tolerance Mechanisms. G.U. Journal of Science, 18(4): 723-740.Kantar F, Elkoca E, 1998. Kültür bitkilerinde tuza dayanıklılık. Atatürk Üniv. Ziraat Fak. Derg., 29 (1): 163-174.Kaufman G, 1991. Seed Coating: A Tool for Stand Establisment; a Stimulus to Seed Quality. HortTechnology, http://horttech.ashspublications.org/content/1/1/98.full.pdf, Erişim tarihi: 20.05.2018. Kim JD, Kwon CH, Kim SG, Kim JK, Hur SN, 2005. Development of Seed Pelleting Technique for Surface Sowing of Alfalfa. Journal of Animal Science and Technology, 47(3): 475-480.Matthews S, Noli E, Demir I, Khajeh-Hosseini M, Wagner MH, 2012. Evaluation of seed quality: from physiology to international standardization. Seed Science Research (22): 69–73. McDonald MB, 2000. Seed Priming. In: Black M, Bewley JD, (ed.) Seed Technology and Its Biological Basis. 287–325. Sheffield Academic Press, Sheffield, UK.Michel BE, Kaufmann MR, 1973. The osmotic potential of polyethylene glycol 6000. Plant Physiology, 51: 914-16.Mostafavi K, 2011. A Study Effects of Drought Stress on Germination and Early Seedling Growth of Flax (Linum usitatissimum L.) Cultivars. Advances in Environmental Biology, 5(10): 3307-3311.Örs S, Ekinci M, 2015. Kuraklık Stresi ve Bitki Fizyolojisi. Derim, 32(2): 237-250. Pecetti L, Romani M, Rosa LD, Piano E, 2008. Selection of grazing-tolerant lucerne cultivars. Grass and Forage Science, 63, 360–368.Rashmi R, Sarkar M, Vikramaditya, 1997. Cultivation of Alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) Ancient Science of Life, 17 (2): 117-119. Samancıoğlu A, Yıldırım E, 2015. Bitki Gelişimini Teşvik Eden Bakteri Uygulamalarının Bitkilerde Kuraklığa Toleransı Arttırmadaki Etkileri. Mustafa Kemal Üniversitesi Ziraat Fakültesi Dergisi, 20(1): 72-79.Scott SJ, Jones RA, Williams WA, 1984. Review of data analysis methods for seed germination. Crop Science, 24: 1192-1199.Sheaffer CC, Hall MH, Martin NP, Rabas DL, Ford JH, Warnes DD, 1988. Effects of Seed Coating on Forage Legume Establishment in Minnesota. Station Bulletin 584-1988 (Item Number AD-SB-3422) Minnesota Agricultural Experiment Station University of Minnesota. Ss,16.Soltani A, Khodarahmpour Z, Jafari AA, Nakhjavan S, 2012. Selection of alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) cultivars for salt stres tolerance using germination indices. African Journal of Biotechnology, 11(31): 7899-7905.Şehirali, S. 1997. Tohumluk ve Teknolojisi. Trakya Üniversitesi Ziraat Fakültesi Tarla Bitkileri Bölümü, 422 s.Taylor, A. G., Allen, P. S., Bennett, M. A., Bardford, K. J., Burris, J. S., Misra, M. K., 1998, Seed Enhancements, Seed Sc. Res. 8, USA:245-256.Turk, M.A., Rahman, A., Tawaha, M., Lee, K.D., 2004. Seed germination and seedling growth of three lentil cultivars under moisture stress. Asian Journal of Plant Sciences, 3 (3): 394-397.Valdes VM, Bradford KJ, 1987. Effects of seed coating and osmotic priming on the germination of lettuce seeds. J. Amer. Soc. Hort. Sci. 112:153-156.Vavrina CS, McGovern RJ, 1990. Seed treatments target soilborne diseases. Amer. Veg. Grower 38(13):63-64.Wang Y, Li K, Li X, 2009. Auxin redistribution modulates plastic development of root system architecture under salt stress in arabidopsis thaliana. Journal of Plant Physiology 166:1637-1645.Wu C, Wang Q, Xie B, Wang Z, Cui J, Hu T, 2011. Effects of Drought and salt Stress on Seed Germination of Three Leguminous Species. African Journal of Biotechnology, 10 (78), 17954-17961.Yüksel O, Albayrak S, Türk M, Sevimay CS, 2016. Dry Matter Yields and Some Quality Features of Alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) Cultivars under Two Different Locations of Turkey. Süleyman Demirel Univesity Journal of Natural and Applied Sciences, 20(2): 155-160.

Kaplanmış Yonca (Medicago sativa L.) Tohumlarının Kuraklık Stresi Koşullarında Çimlenme Özelliklerinin Belirlenmesi

Year 2020, Volume: 17 Issue: 2, 124 - 136, 27.05.2020
https://doi.org/10.33462/jotaf.520836

Abstract

Yonca dünyanın ve Türkiye’nin
kurak ve yarı kurak bölgelerinde yetiştirilen, otu proteince zengin bir yem
bitkisidir. Bu çalışmada, çimlenme ve erken fide gelişimi döneminde çevresel
koşullara çok hassas olan yonca tohumlarının çimlenme özelliklerinin geliştirilmesi
amaçlanmıştır. Bu amaçla Nimet yonca çeşidinin tohumları Panoramix adlı tohum
kaplama preparatı ile kaplanmış ve kuraklık stresi koşullarında
çimlendirilmiştir. Denemede Panoramix  2 L/1000
kg tohum ve 4 L/1000 kg tohum olmak üzere 2 doz uygulanmıştır. Laboratuarda
yürütülen çalışma, tesadüf parselleri deneme desenine göre 4 tekerrürlü olarak
petri kutularında gerçekleştirilmiştir. Her petriye 50 tohum yerleştirilmiş olup;
petriler %70 nem, 20oC sıcaklık, 14 saat ışıklı ve 10 saat karanlık
olacak şekilde ayarlanmış iklimlendirme kabininde bekletilmiştir. Kuraklık
stresi ise 0, -2, -4, -6, -8 ve
-9.8 bar olacak şekilde Polyethylene glycol-6000 (PEG-6000) ile
oluşturulmuştur. Sera denemesi, 3 tekerrürlü olarak, %50 kum + %50 toprak
karışımı ile doldurulan plastik saksılarda (1.5 L) yürütülmüş ve 4 farklı
kuraklık stresi [0 (T0), %25 (T1), %50 (T2), %75 (T3)] uygulanmıştır. Denemenin sonunda,
çimlenme oranı, kökçük yaş ve kuru ağırlığı, sapçık yaş ve kuru ağırlığı
belirlenmiştir. Sonuçta, tohum kaplama uygulamalarının yonca tohumlarının
kuraklık stresi koşullarında çimlenme özelliklerine olumlu katkı yaptığı
belirlenmiştir. 

References

  • Abdul-baki AA, Anderson JD, 1970. Viability and leaching of sugars from germinating barley. Crop Science, 10: 31-34.Açıkgöz E, 2001. Yem Bitkileri (3. Baskı) Uludağ Üniv. Güçlendirme Vakfı Yayın No: 182, Bursa.Ahmadi S, Ahmad R, Ashraf MY, Ashraf M, Waraich EA, 2009. Sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) Response to Drought Stress at Germination and Seedling Growth Stages. Pak. J. Bot., 41(2): 647-654.Aşçı ÖÖ, Üney H, 2016. Farklı tuz yoğunluklarının macar fiğinde (Vicia pannonica Crantz) çimlenme ve bitki gelişimine etkisi. Akademik Ziraat Dergisi, 5(1): 29-34.Avcıoğlu R, Geren H, Tamkoç A, Karadağ Y, 2009. Yonca (Medicago sp. L.). YEMBİTKİLERİ, Baklagil Yembitkileri, Cilt II, T.C. Tarım ve Köyişleri Bakanlığı, Tarımsal Üretim ve Geliştirme Genel Müdürlüğü, İzmir.Blum A, 1986. “Breeding Crop Varieties for Stress Environments”, Critical Reviews in Plant Sciences, 2: 199-237.Castroluna A, Ruiz OM, Quiroga AM, Pedranzani HE, 2014. Effects of salinity and drought stres on germination, biomass and growth in three varieties of Medicago sativa L. Avances en Investigacion Agropecuaria, 18(1): 39-50.Çarpıcı EB, Erdel B, 2015. Bazı yonca çeşitlerinde (Medicago sativa L.) kuraklık stresinin çimlenme özellikleri üzerine etkisi. Derim, 32(2): 201-210Deaker R, Roughley RJ, Kennedy IR, 2004. Legume seed inoculation technology-a review. Soil Biology and Biochemistry, 36: 1275-1288.Demiroğlu G, Geren H, Avcıoğlu R, 2008. Farklı Yonca (Medicago sativa L.) Genotiplerinin Ege Bölgesi Koşullarına Adaptasyonu. Ege Üniv. Ziraat Fak. Derg., 45 (1): 1-10.Eskandari H, 2013. Effects of Priming Technique on Seed Germination Properties, Emergence and Field Perfromance of Crops: A review. Intl.J.Agron.Plant.Prod., 4(3): 454-458.Hamidi H, Safarnejad A, 2010. Effect of Drought Stress on Alfalfa Cultivars (Medicago sativa L.) in Germination Stage. American-Eurasian J. Agric. and Environ. Sci., 8(6): 705-709. Heydecker W, Gibbins, B, 1978. The `priming` of seeds. Acta Horticulturae, 83: 213-215.Ingram J, Bartles D, 1996. The molecular basis of dehydration tolerance in plants. Ann. Rev. Plant Physiol. Plant Mol. Biol., 47: 377-403.Janmohammadi M, Moradi Dezfuli P, Sharifzadeh F, 2008. Seed Invigoration Techniquse to Improve Germination and Early Growth of Inbred Line of Maize under Salinity and Drought Stress. Plant physiology, 34(3-4): 215-226.Junges E, Toebe M, Santos RF, Finger G, Muniz MFB, 2013. Effect of priming and seed-coating when associated with Bacillus subtilis in maize seeds. Revista Ciência Agronômica, 44(3):520-526. Kalefetoğlu T, Ekmekçi Y, 2005. The Effects of Drought on Plants and Tolerance Mechanisms. G.U. Journal of Science, 18(4): 723-740.Kantar F, Elkoca E, 1998. Kültür bitkilerinde tuza dayanıklılık. Atatürk Üniv. Ziraat Fak. Derg., 29 (1): 163-174.Kaufman G, 1991. Seed Coating: A Tool for Stand Establisment; a Stimulus to Seed Quality. HortTechnology, http://horttech.ashspublications.org/content/1/1/98.full.pdf, Erişim tarihi: 20.05.2018. Kim JD, Kwon CH, Kim SG, Kim JK, Hur SN, 2005. Development of Seed Pelleting Technique for Surface Sowing of Alfalfa. Journal of Animal Science and Technology, 47(3): 475-480.Matthews S, Noli E, Demir I, Khajeh-Hosseini M, Wagner MH, 2012. Evaluation of seed quality: from physiology to international standardization. Seed Science Research (22): 69–73. McDonald MB, 2000. Seed Priming. In: Black M, Bewley JD, (ed.) Seed Technology and Its Biological Basis. 287–325. Sheffield Academic Press, Sheffield, UK.Michel BE, Kaufmann MR, 1973. The osmotic potential of polyethylene glycol 6000. Plant Physiology, 51: 914-16.Mostafavi K, 2011. A Study Effects of Drought Stress on Germination and Early Seedling Growth of Flax (Linum usitatissimum L.) Cultivars. Advances in Environmental Biology, 5(10): 3307-3311.Örs S, Ekinci M, 2015. Kuraklık Stresi ve Bitki Fizyolojisi. Derim, 32(2): 237-250. Pecetti L, Romani M, Rosa LD, Piano E, 2008. Selection of grazing-tolerant lucerne cultivars. Grass and Forage Science, 63, 360–368.Rashmi R, Sarkar M, Vikramaditya, 1997. Cultivation of Alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) Ancient Science of Life, 17 (2): 117-119. Samancıoğlu A, Yıldırım E, 2015. Bitki Gelişimini Teşvik Eden Bakteri Uygulamalarının Bitkilerde Kuraklığa Toleransı Arttırmadaki Etkileri. Mustafa Kemal Üniversitesi Ziraat Fakültesi Dergisi, 20(1): 72-79.Scott SJ, Jones RA, Williams WA, 1984. Review of data analysis methods for seed germination. Crop Science, 24: 1192-1199.Sheaffer CC, Hall MH, Martin NP, Rabas DL, Ford JH, Warnes DD, 1988. Effects of Seed Coating on Forage Legume Establishment in Minnesota. Station Bulletin 584-1988 (Item Number AD-SB-3422) Minnesota Agricultural Experiment Station University of Minnesota. Ss,16.Soltani A, Khodarahmpour Z, Jafari AA, Nakhjavan S, 2012. Selection of alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) cultivars for salt stres tolerance using germination indices. African Journal of Biotechnology, 11(31): 7899-7905.Şehirali, S. 1997. Tohumluk ve Teknolojisi. Trakya Üniversitesi Ziraat Fakültesi Tarla Bitkileri Bölümü, 422 s.Taylor, A. G., Allen, P. S., Bennett, M. A., Bardford, K. J., Burris, J. S., Misra, M. K., 1998, Seed Enhancements, Seed Sc. Res. 8, USA:245-256.Turk, M.A., Rahman, A., Tawaha, M., Lee, K.D., 2004. Seed germination and seedling growth of three lentil cultivars under moisture stress. Asian Journal of Plant Sciences, 3 (3): 394-397.Valdes VM, Bradford KJ, 1987. Effects of seed coating and osmotic priming on the germination of lettuce seeds. J. Amer. Soc. Hort. Sci. 112:153-156.Vavrina CS, McGovern RJ, 1990. Seed treatments target soilborne diseases. Amer. Veg. Grower 38(13):63-64.Wang Y, Li K, Li X, 2009. Auxin redistribution modulates plastic development of root system architecture under salt stress in arabidopsis thaliana. Journal of Plant Physiology 166:1637-1645.Wu C, Wang Q, Xie B, Wang Z, Cui J, Hu T, 2011. Effects of Drought and salt Stress on Seed Germination of Three Leguminous Species. African Journal of Biotechnology, 10 (78), 17954-17961.Yüksel O, Albayrak S, Türk M, Sevimay CS, 2016. Dry Matter Yields and Some Quality Features of Alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) Cultivars under Two Different Locations of Turkey. Süleyman Demirel Univesity Journal of Natural and Applied Sciences, 20(2): 155-160.
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Details

Primary Language Turkish
Journal Section Articles
Authors

Mehmet Arslan 0000-0002-2197-4969

Teslime Bıçakcı This is me 0000-0001-5000-6169

Elçin Aksu This is me 0000-0002-0707-2723

Publication Date May 27, 2020
Submission Date February 1, 2019
Acceptance Date December 25, 2019
Published in Issue Year 2020 Volume: 17 Issue: 2

Cite

APA Arslan, M., Bıçakcı, T., & Aksu, E. (2020). Kaplanmış Yonca (Medicago sativa L.) Tohumlarının Kuraklık Stresi Koşullarında Çimlenme Özelliklerinin Belirlenmesi. Tekirdağ Ziraat Fakültesi Dergisi, 17(2), 124-136. https://doi.org/10.33462/jotaf.520836
AMA Arslan M, Bıçakcı T, Aksu E. Kaplanmış Yonca (Medicago sativa L.) Tohumlarının Kuraklık Stresi Koşullarında Çimlenme Özelliklerinin Belirlenmesi. JOTAF. May 2020;17(2):124-136. doi:10.33462/jotaf.520836
Chicago Arslan, Mehmet, Teslime Bıçakcı, and Elçin Aksu. “Kaplanmış Yonca (Medicago Sativa L.) Tohumlarının Kuraklık Stresi Koşullarında Çimlenme Özelliklerinin Belirlenmesi”. Tekirdağ Ziraat Fakültesi Dergisi 17, no. 2 (May 2020): 124-36. https://doi.org/10.33462/jotaf.520836.
EndNote Arslan M, Bıçakcı T, Aksu E (May 1, 2020) Kaplanmış Yonca (Medicago sativa L.) Tohumlarının Kuraklık Stresi Koşullarında Çimlenme Özelliklerinin Belirlenmesi. Tekirdağ Ziraat Fakültesi Dergisi 17 2 124–136.
IEEE M. Arslan, T. Bıçakcı, and E. Aksu, “Kaplanmış Yonca (Medicago sativa L.) Tohumlarının Kuraklık Stresi Koşullarında Çimlenme Özelliklerinin Belirlenmesi”, JOTAF, vol. 17, no. 2, pp. 124–136, 2020, doi: 10.33462/jotaf.520836.
ISNAD Arslan, Mehmet et al. “Kaplanmış Yonca (Medicago Sativa L.) Tohumlarının Kuraklık Stresi Koşullarında Çimlenme Özelliklerinin Belirlenmesi”. Tekirdağ Ziraat Fakültesi Dergisi 17/2 (May 2020), 124-136. https://doi.org/10.33462/jotaf.520836.
JAMA Arslan M, Bıçakcı T, Aksu E. Kaplanmış Yonca (Medicago sativa L.) Tohumlarının Kuraklık Stresi Koşullarında Çimlenme Özelliklerinin Belirlenmesi. JOTAF. 2020;17:124–136.
MLA Arslan, Mehmet et al. “Kaplanmış Yonca (Medicago Sativa L.) Tohumlarının Kuraklık Stresi Koşullarında Çimlenme Özelliklerinin Belirlenmesi”. Tekirdağ Ziraat Fakültesi Dergisi, vol. 17, no. 2, 2020, pp. 124-36, doi:10.33462/jotaf.520836.
Vancouver Arslan M, Bıçakcı T, Aksu E. Kaplanmış Yonca (Medicago sativa L.) Tohumlarının Kuraklık Stresi Koşullarında Çimlenme Özelliklerinin Belirlenmesi. JOTAF. 2020;17(2):124-36.