Bazı Serin İklim Çim Türlerinin Soğuk Yarı-Kurak İklimde Mevsimsel Kalitesi

Year 2024, Volume: 21 Issue: 4, 954 - 965

Onur İleri , Yasin Altay , Ali Koç

https://doi.org/10.33462/jotaf.1386564

Abstract

Bu çalışmada bazı yaygın serin iklim çim türlerine ait çeşitlerin yarı-kurak iklim koşulları altında kışa dayanıklılık tesis olma hızı ve çim kalitesi özelliklerinin mevsimsel değişimleri incelenmiştir. Çok yıllık çim, kamışsı yumak, kırmızı yumak, rizomlu kırmızı yumak, narin kırmızı yumak ve çayır salkımotu türlerine ait 19 farklı çeşit 2014-2016 yılları arasında incelenerek 6 mevsimde veri toplanmıştır. Deneme şansa bağlı tam bloklar deneme deseninde üç tekerrürlü olarak tasarlanmıştır. Çim tesisinde tekstür, renk ve genel kalite değerlerini belirlemek için skor temelli gözlemler her mevsimin (2 yaz, 2 güz, 2 bahar) ortasında yapılmıştır. Elde edilen skor verileri parametrik olmayan testler kullanılarak analiz edilmiştir. Bulgular tüm çeşitlere ait çim kalite özelliklerinin farklı mevsimsel değişim gösterdiğini ortaya koymuştur. Stravinsky (çok yıllık çim) ve Cardinal (kırmızı yumak) çeşitleri güz mevsiminde koyu yeşil renk özelliklerini büyük oranda kaybederlerken SR8600 (kamışsı yumak) çeşidi aynı mevsimde yeşil rengini korumuştur. Genel kalite yıl içerisinde bahardan güze doğru azalış eğilimde olurken Rosita çeşidi diğer kırmızı yumak çeşitlerine göre yüksek kaliteli tesis özelliğini korumuştur. Çayır salkımotu türüne ait Miracle ve Evora çeşitlerinin özellikle çok düşük kış dayanımı skorları nedeniyle yarı-kurak iklime adaptasyon yeteneklerinin çok düşük olduğu görülmüştür. Bu çeşitler aynı zamanda en yavaş tesis olmuşlardır. Stravinsky, Esquire, Kokomo, Grandslam2 (çok yıllık çim), Maximal (kırmızı yumak) ve Rosita (narin kırmızı yumak) çeşitleri bahar ve yaz mevsimi boyunca yüksek kaliteli tesis oluştururken güz ile birlikte görsel kalitede düşüşler tespit edilmiştir. Çayır salkım otu (Poa pratensis) türünün Forte ve Evora çeşitleri ise güz mevsiminde yüksek kalitede kalmışlardır ancak Evora çeşidinin kalitesi tesis sonrası 2. yılda düşüşe geçmiştir. Sonuçlar yıl boyu yüksek kalitede çim tesisi oluşturmak için bu çeşitlerin karışımlar halinde kullanılmasının daha uygun olduğunu göstermektedir. Evora çeşidi karışıma dahil edildiğinde 2. yıl üstten tohumlama yapılması gerekli görülmektedir. Karışımlarla tesis edilen çim alanların yarı-kurak iklimlerde yıl boyu yüksek kalitede tutulabilmesi için yeni tescil olan çeşitlerin de denenmesi faydalı olacaktır.

Keywords

Çeşit, Çim kalitesi, Çim türleri, Mevsimsel değişim, Serin iklim

Seasonal Quality of Some Cool-Season Turfgrass Species in Cold Semi-Arid Climate

Abstract

The study was carried out to determine winter hardiness, establishment speed, and seasonal variation in quality characteristics of some turf cultivars belonging to the common cool-season turf species in cold semi-arid climates. Nineteen different cultivars of perennial ryegrass, tall fescue, red fescue, Chewing’s fescue, slender creeping red fescue, and Kentucky bluegrass were examined for six seasons in 2014-2016 years. The experiment was arranged in a randomized complete block design with three replications. The score-based measurements of turf texture, color, and general quality were taken in the middle of every season (2 summers, 2 springs, and 2 falls) for 2 years and the data were analyzed using non-parametric tests. Results showed that Stravinsky (perennial ryegrass) and Cardinal (red fescue) greatly lost their dark green color in autumn, while SR8600 (tall fescue) kept its satisfying green color. General quality decreased as the seasons proceeded, but Rosita (slender creeping red fescue) remained in high quality considering other red fescue species. Low adaptation ability was observed in Miracle and Evora cultivars of Kentucky bluegrass species due to their poor winter hardiness scores. These cultivars are also the slowest establishing among other cultivars. Results stated that Stravinsky, Esquire, Kokomo, Grandslam2 (perennial ryegrass), Maximal (red fescue), and Rosita (slender creeping red fescue) maintained high quality throughout summer and spring but decreased in autumn. However, Forte (tall fescue) and Evora (Kentucky bluegrass) presented better quality in autumn but the quality of Evora decreased in the next year. These cultivars should be used in a mixture to maintain high-quality turf through spring, summer, and autumn but Evora could require overseeding in some years. More and especially newly released cultivars should be tested to increase the turf quality of the mixtures.

Keywords

Cool-season, Cultivars, Seasonal variation, Turf quality, Turf species

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