Afyon Haşhaşı Bitkisi (Papaver somniferum L.) ‘Ofis 1’in (Mavi) Bazı Fiziko-Mekanik Özelliklerinin ve Kritik Hızın Belirlenmesi

Year 2024, Volume: 21 Issue: 5, 1213 - 1221

Orhan Güngör , İbrahim Akıncı

https://doi.org/10.33462/jotaf.1480031

Abstract

Bitkisel ürünlerin bazı fiziko-mekanik özelliklerinin belirlenmesi; ekim, hasat, taşıma, paketleme, depolama, ürün işleme vb. süreçlerde kullanılan alet ve makinelerin tasarımı, geliştirilmesi ve verimli kullanılması açısından çok önemli referans çalışmalardır. Bu çalışmada, ülkemizde önemli düzeyde üretim büyüklüğüne sahip olan Ofis 1 (Mavi) haşhaş bitkisinin sapı ve kapsülüne ait bazı fiziko-mekanik özelliklerinin belirlenmesi amaçlanmıştır. Değerlendirilen araştırma bulgularına göre, ortalama değerler bazında, haşhaş kapsülü yüksekliği 37.99 mm, genişliği 35.82 mm, kütlesi 5.86 g, hacmi 300.73 mm3, yatay iz düşüm alanı 18.66 cm², dikey iz düşüm alanı 17.91 cm², kritik hızı 10.22 m s-1, doğal yığılma açısı 22.8°, kabuk oranı %43.93 olarak ölçülmüştür. Çalışmada haşhaş sapı üç kısma ayrılmış olup bunlar üst, orta ve alt bölgelerdir. Hasat döneminde üst bölgenin yaş baz nem değeri %7.69, orta bölgenin nem değeri %7.56, alt bölgenin nem değeri %8.03 olarak ölçülmüştür, haşhaş sapının ortalama nem değeri %7.76 olarak hesaplanmıştır. Hasat zamanındaki haşhaş kapsülü ortalama nem değeri %7.69 olarak belirlenmiştir. Haşhaş tarlasında birim alandaki bitki sayısı 30.8 adet m-2, kapsül sayısı 55.2 adet m-2 ve kapsül/bitki oranı ise 1.8 değerindedir. Ortalama bitki boyu 119.7 cm'dir. Bu değerler haşhaş hasat makine tasarımlarındaki tabla yüksekliği ve parmak aralıkları için dikkate alınması gereken verilerdir. Birim alandaki bitkilerin büyük bir çoğunluğu (%55.9) tek kapsüllüdür. Mekanik testler sonucu haşhaş sapı kesme kuvveti değerleri 31.14 N-74.06 N arasında belirlenmiş olup bu değerler haşhaş bitkisinin sapının kalınlığına göre değişmektedir. Haşhaş kapsülü ortalama basma-kırma kuvvetleri ise dikey ve yatay pozisyonlar için sırasıyla 159.39 N ve 110.46 N olarak belirlenmiştir. Araştırma sonucunda, Ofis 1 (Mavi) haşhaş bitkisi fiziko-mekanik özellikleri ve haşhaş bitkisinin yetiştirilmesine ve hasat işlemlerine yönelik makine tasarım çalışmalarında yapılacak çalışmalara yararlı olabilecek bir kaynak ortaya konmuştur.

Keywords

Ofis 1 (Mavi) haşhaş, Fiziko-mekanik özellikler, Biyolojik malzeme

Ethical Statement

Bu çalışma için etik kuruldan izin alınmasına gerek yoktur.

Supporting Institution

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Thanks

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Determination of Some Physico-Mechanical Properties and Critical Velocity of Opium Poppy Plant (Papaver somniferum L.) 'Ofis 1' (Blue)

Abstract

Determination of some physico-mechanical properties of plant products are very important reference studies in terms of design, development and efficient use of tools and machines used in processes such as planting, harvesting, transportation, packaging, storage, product processing, etc. In this study, it was aimed to determine some physico-mechanical properties of the stalk and capsule of Ofis 1 (Blue) poppy plant, which has a significant production size in our country. According to the evaluated research findings, on the basis of average values, poppy capsule height was 37.99 mm, width was 35.82 mm, mass was 5.86 g, volume was 300.73 mm3, horizontal projection area was 18.66 cm², vertical projection area was 17.91 cm², critical velocity was 10.22 m s-1, natural angle of repose was 22.8o, and shell ratio was 43.93%. In the study, the poppy stalk was divided into three parts: upper, middle and lower regions. During the harvest period, the wet basis moisture value of the upper region was 7.69%, the moisture value of the middle region was 7.56%, the moisture value of the lower region was 8.03%, and the average moisture value of the poppy stalk was calculated as 7.76%. The average moisture value of poppy capsule at harvest time was determined as 7.69%. The number of plants per unit area in the poppy field was 30.8 pieces m-2, the number of capsules was 55.2 pieces m-2 and the capsule/plant ratio was 1.8. Average plant height was 119.7 cm. These values are the data that should be taken into consideration for table height and finger spacing in poppy harvesting machine designs. The majority of the plants per unit area (55.9%) are single capsule. As a result of mechanical tests, poppy stem shear force values were determined between 31.14 N-74.06 N and these values vary according to the thickness of the poppy plant stem. The average compression-crushing forces of poppy capsule were determined as 159.39 N and 110.46 N for vertical and horizontal positions, respectively. As a result of the research, Ofis 1 (Blue) poppy plant physico-mechanical properties and a resource that can be useful for the studies to be carried out in machine design studies for the cultivation and harvesting of poppy plants have been put forward.

Keywords

Opium poppy "Ofis 1" (blue), Physico-mechanical properties, Biological material

Ethical Statement

There is no need to obtain permission from the ethics committee for this study.

Supporting Institution

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Thanks

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