Farklı Azotlu Gübreler ve Potasyum Dozlarının Alkalin ve Asidik Topraklarda Yetiştirilen Domatesin Verim, Verim Unsurları ve Meyve Kalitesine Etkileri

Year 2025, Volume: 22 Issue: 1, 134 - 150

Mahmoud Nazzal , Mehmet Zengin , Fatma Gökmen Yılmaz , Sait Gezgin , Fırat Uzun

https://doi.org/10.33462/jotaf.1443916

Abstract

Farklı azotlu gübreler ve potasyum uygulamaları, alkalin ve asidik reaksiyon topraklarda domatesin verim ve verim unsurları ile meyve kalite parametreleri üzerinde önemli bir etkiye sahiptir. Bu çalışmada, farklı azotlu gübreler ve potasyum dozlarının alkalin ve asidik topraklarda yetiştirilen oturak sofralık domatesin verim, verim unsurları ve meyve kalitesi üzerine etkileri araştırılmıştır. Deneme Selçuk Üniversitesi Ziraat Fakültesi araştırma serasında, iki farklı toprak, üç azotlu gübre [amonyum sülfat (AS), inhibitörlü amonyum sülfat (AS+inh.) ve kalsiyum nitrat (CaNit)] ve üç farklı potasyum dozu (0, 240 ve 480 mg K2O kg-1; potasyum sülfat) kullanılarak tesadüf parselleri deneme desenine göre dört tekerrürlü olarak yürütülmüştür. Araştırma sonuçlarına göre, alkalin toprakta en yüksek meyve verimi ‘inh. AS ve 480 mg K2O kg-1’ interaksiyonundan elde edilirken, asidik toprakta en yüksek meyve verimi ‘kalsiyum nitrat ve 240 mg K2O kg-1’ interaksiyonundan alınmıştır. Sonuç olarak, azotlu gübre ve potasyum dozlarının farklı uygulamalarının çeşitli toprak koşullarında domates üretimini artırabileceği ortaya konulmuştur. Ayrıca, farklı azot kaynakları ve potasyum dozları domatesin gövde çapı, bitki uzunluğu, bitki başına meyve sayısı, meyve ağırlığı, meyve çapı, meyve sertliği, meyve pH’sı ve briks değerleri gibi verim unsurlarını da istatistiksel olarak önemli düzeylerde etkilemiştir. Farklı azot kaynakları ve potasyum dozlarının verim ve verim unsurları üzerindeki etkilerinin istatistiksel olarak önemli olduğunu tespit edilmiş olup, yüksek kalitede domates yetiştiriciliği için doğru ve dengeli gübrelemenin önemini ortaya çıkarmaktadır. Sonuç olarak, bu çalışma alkali ve asidik topraklarda domates verimini ve verim unsurlarını artırmak için uygun azotlu gübre ve potasyum dozlarının belirlenmesinin gerektiğini açıklamaktadır. Farklı toprak koşullarında domates yetiştirme tekniklerini geliştirmek isteyen çiftçiler ile araştırmacılar için önemli bilgiler sağlanmıştır.

Keywords

Alkalin ve asidik toprak, Azot, Domates, Meyve kalitesi, Potasyum, Verim

Ethical Statement

There is no need to obtain permission from the ethics committee for this study.

Supporting Institution

Coordinator of Scientific Research of Selcuk University (Project No: 18201002).

Thanks

The authors would like to thank the Coordinator of Scientific Research for the financial support of this study.

Effects of Different Nitrogenous Fertilizers and Potassium Doses on Yield, Yield Components, and Fruit Quality of Tomato Grown in Alkaline and Acidic Soils

Abstract

Different nitrogen fertilizers and potassium applications have an important impact on the yield and yield components and fruit-quality parameters of tomatoes in both alkaline and acidic reaction soils. This study investigated the effects of different nitrogenous fertilizers and potassium doses on the yield, yield components, and fruit quality of tomatoes grown on alkaline and acidic soils. The experiment was carried out in the research greenhouse of the Agriculture Faculty, at Selcuk University. It was performed by using two different soil types, three nitrogen fertilizers [ammonium sulfate (AS), ammonium sulfate with inhibitor (AS+inh.), and calcium nitrate (CaNit)], and three different concentrations of potassium sulfate (0, 240, and 480 mg K2O kg-1). We conducted the study by using a randomized experimental plot design with four replications. According to the research results, the highest fruit yield in alkaline soil was 'inh. AS and 480 mg K2O kg-1', while the highest fruit yield in acid soils was obtained with 'calcium nitrate and 240 mg K2O kg-1'. Furthermore, different nitrogen sources and potassium doses significantly affected tomato yield components such as stem diameter, plant height, number of fruits per plant, fruit weight, fruit diameter, fruit hardness, fruit pH, and Brix values. According to the results of the completed soil analysis, the applications demonstrated the importance of accurate and balanced fertilization for high-yield and quality tomato production in different soils. In conclusion, this study highlights the importance of selecting appropriate nitrogen fertilizers and potassium doses to increase tomato yield and yield components in alkaline and acidic soils. It provides valuable insights for tomato farmers and researchers seeking to improve tomato cultivation techniques in different soil conditions.

Keywords

Acidic and Alkaline soil, Fruit quality, Nitrogen, Potassium, Tomato, Yield

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