A Comprehensive Characterization of Physicochemical Properties, Functional Characteristics, and Industrial Applications of Gum Arabic

Elmira Aliyeva; Nargiz Rahimli; Hajar Aslanova; Nizami Zeynalov

doi:10.18596/jotcsa.1819419

A Comprehensive Characterization of Physicochemical Properties, Functional Characteristics, and Industrial Applications of Gum Arabic

An Erratum to this article was published on March 24, 2026. https://dergipark.org.tr/en/pub/jotcsa/article/1913138

Abstract

Gum arabic (GA) is a naturally derived, water-soluble polysaccharide characterized by a complex and highly branched molecular architecture. Structurally, GA consists of a polysaccharide backbone predominantly composed of β-D-galactopyranosyl residues linked through (1→3) glycosidic bonds. It is obtained as a natural exudate from Acacia species, primarily Acacia senegal and Acacia seyal, with its physicochemical properties strongly influenced by botanical and geographical origin. Owing to its antimicrobial activity, non-toxic nature, and excellent biocompatibility, GA is widely employed as an excipient in controlled drug delivery systems for the transport of bioactive agents. Additionally, GA finds extensive application in adhesives, food products, cosmetics, pharmaceuticals, and various industrial formulations. Considering its broad applicability in engineering and materials science, this study investigates the physicochemical properties of gum arabic, with a particular emphasis on its structural characteristics and functional performance. The viscosity behavior of GA at varying concentrations was systematically examined to estimate its molecular weight, and modification was performed to enhance its applicability as a functional material. Furthermore, both native and modified forms of gum arabic were comprehensively characterized using Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The modification of gum arabic with N, N′-methylenebisacrylamide significantly altered its functional properties. This improvement provides better dispersion and potential bioavailability of active compounds. Its biocompatibility further indicates potential applicability in biomedical fields without implying a hydrogel structure.

Keywords

References

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Details

Primary Language

English

Subjects

Macromolecular Materials

Journal Section

Research Article

Authors

Elmira Aliyeva ^*
0009-0008-2767-3949
Azerbaijan

Nargiz Rahimli
0000-0003-4097-7302
Azerbaijan

Hajar Aslanova
0000-0002-5579-1802
Azerbaijan

Nizami Zeynalov
0000-0002-7889-6594
Azerbaijan

Publication Date

March 13, 2026

Submission Date

November 7, 2025

Acceptance Date

February 2, 2026

Published in Issue

Year 2026 Number: 2026-1

DOI

https://doi.org/10.18596/jotcsa.1819419

IZ

https://izlik.org/JA94ZX53LT

Cite

RIS / Bibtex

APA

Aliyeva, E., Rahimli, N., Aslanova, H., & Zeynalov, N. (2026). A Comprehensive Characterization of Physicochemical Properties, Functional Characteristics, and Industrial Applications of Gum Arabic. Journal of the Turkish Chemical Society Section A: Chemistry, 2026-1, 1-13. https://doi.org/10.18596/jotcsa.1819419

AMA

1.Aliyeva E, Rahimli N, Aslanova H, Zeynalov N. A Comprehensive Characterization of Physicochemical Properties, Functional Characteristics, and Industrial Applications of Gum Arabic. JOTCSA. 2026;(2026-1):1-13. doi:10.18596/jotcsa.1819419

Chicago

Aliyeva, Elmira, Nargiz Rahimli, Hajar Aslanova, and Nizami Zeynalov. 2026. “A Comprehensive Characterization of Physicochemical Properties, Functional Characteristics, and Industrial Applications of Gum Arabic”. Journal of the Turkish Chemical Society Section A: Chemistry, no. 2026-1: 1-13. https://doi.org/10.18596/jotcsa.1819419.

EndNote

Aliyeva E, Rahimli N, Aslanova H, Zeynalov N (March 1, 2026) A Comprehensive Characterization of Physicochemical Properties, Functional Characteristics, and Industrial Applications of Gum Arabic. Journal of the Turkish Chemical Society Section A: Chemistry 2026-1 1–13.

IEEE

[1]E. Aliyeva, N. Rahimli, H. Aslanova, and N. Zeynalov, “A Comprehensive Characterization of Physicochemical Properties, Functional Characteristics, and Industrial Applications of Gum Arabic”, JOTCSA, no. 2026-1, pp. 1–13, Mar. 2026, doi: 10.18596/jotcsa.1819419.

ISNAD

Aliyeva, Elmira - Rahimli, Nargiz - Aslanova, Hajar - Zeynalov, Nizami. “A Comprehensive Characterization of Physicochemical Properties, Functional Characteristics, and Industrial Applications of Gum Arabic”. Journal of the Turkish Chemical Society Section A: Chemistry. 2026-1 (March 1, 2026): 1-13. https://doi.org/10.18596/jotcsa.1819419.

JAMA

1.Aliyeva E, Rahimli N, Aslanova H, Zeynalov N. A Comprehensive Characterization of Physicochemical Properties, Functional Characteristics, and Industrial Applications of Gum Arabic. JOTCSA. 2026;:1–13.

MLA

Aliyeva, Elmira, et al. “A Comprehensive Characterization of Physicochemical Properties, Functional Characteristics, and Industrial Applications of Gum Arabic”. Journal of the Turkish Chemical Society Section A: Chemistry, no. 2026-1, Mar. 2026, pp. 1-13, doi:10.18596/jotcsa.1819419.

Vancouver

1.Elmira Aliyeva, Nargiz Rahimli, Hajar Aslanova, Nizami Zeynalov. A Comprehensive Characterization of Physicochemical Properties, Functional Characteristics, and Industrial Applications of Gum Arabic. JOTCSA. 2026 Mar. 1;(2026-1):1-13. doi:10.18596/jotcsa.1819419