Comparison of Polyacrylonitrile-and Polypyrrole-based Electrochemical Sensors for Detection of Propamocarb in Food Samples

Year 2022, Volume: 9 Issue: 3, 801 - 808, 31.08.2022

Selcan Karakuş , Cihat Tasaltın , İlke Gürol , Barbaros Akkurt , Gülsen Baytemir , Nevin Taşaltın

https://doi.org/10.18596/jotcsa.1087096

Abstract

Food safety is a crucial issue; all countries have struggled against pesticides for years. In this study, Polypyrrole (PPy)- and Polyacrylonitrile (PAN)-based non-enzymatic electrochemical sensors were investigated to detect the pesticide propamocarb (PM) in food samples. Under the experimental conditions, the proposed strategy exhibited a high selectivity of the disposable PPy-based and PAN-based sensors for the determination of propamocarb pesticide in the concentration of 1 μM with a rapid detection within 1 min at pH 7.4 and 25 °C. We demonstrated the detection of PM residues on cucumber and tomato samples with good electrochemical performances towards the real-time usability on real food samples. PAN-based non-enzymatic electrochemical sensor has good sensitivity, higher selectivity, and stability than PPy-based non-enzymatic electrochemical sensor. The prepared PAN-based non-enzymatic electrochemical sensor is a potential candidate to be used in devices which perform food safety in agricultural products.

Keywords

food safety, pesticides, electrochemical sensors, polypyrrole, polyacrylonitrile

Supporting Institution

TUBITAK

Project Number

120N816

References

• 1. Popp J, Pető K, Nagy J. Pesticide productivity and food security. A review. Agron Sustain Dev. 2013 Jan;33(1):243–55. .
• 2. Rastogi S, Kumari V, Sharma V, Ahmad FJ. Gold Nanoparticle-based Sensors in Food Safety Applications. Food Anal Methods. 2022 Feb;15(2):468–84. .
• 3. Tang FHM, Lenzen M, McBratney A, Maggi F. Risk of pesticide pollution at the global scale. Nat Geosci. 2021 Apr;14(4):206–10. .
• 4. Wei X, Anfeng Z, Ali T, Zhang Z, Davis KF, Wu F. China’s Food Security and Water, Fertilizer, Pesticide, and GHG Saving through Crop Redistribution [Internet]. Department of Agricultural Economics, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN: Global Trade Analysis Project (GTAP); 2020. Available from: .
• 5. Sharma A, Shukla A, Attri K, Kumar M, Kumar P, Suttee A, et al. Global trends in pesticides: A looming threat and viable alternatives. Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety. 2020 Sep;201:110812. .
• 6. Dong J, Yang H, Li Y, Liu A, Wei W, Liu S. Fluorescence sensor for organophosphorus pesticide detection based on the alkaline phosphatase-triggered reaction. Analytica Chimica Acta. 2020 Sep;1131:102–8. .
• 7. Fan L, Wang F, Zhao D, Peng Y, Deng Y, Luo Y, et al. A self‐penetrating and chemically stable zinc (ii)‐organic framework as multi‐responsive chemo‐sensor to detect pesticide and antibiotics in water. Appl Organomet Chem [Internet]. 2020 Dec [cited 2022 May 21];34(12). .
• 8. Rasheed Z, Vikraman AE, Thomas D, Jagan JS, Kumar KG. Carbon-Nanotube-Based Sensor for the Determination of Butylated Hydroxyanisole in Food Samples. Food Anal Methods. 2015 Jan;8(1):213–21. .
• 9. Lu Y, Tan Y, Xiao Y, Li Z, Sheng E, Dai Z. A silver@gold nanoparticle tetrahedron biosensor for multiple pesticides detection based on surface-enhanced Raman scattering. Talanta. 2021 Nov;234:122585. .
• 10. Ge X, Zhou P, Zhang Q, Xia Z, Chen S, Gao P, et al. Palladium Single Atoms on TiO2 as a Photocatalytic Sensing Platform for Analyzing the Organophosphorus Pesticide Chlorpyrifos. Angew Chem. 2020 Jan 2;132(1):238–42. .
• 11. Liu X, Sakthivel R, Liu WC, Huang CW, Li J, Xu C, et al. Ultra-highly sensitive organophosphorus biosensor based on chitosan/tin disulfide and British housefly acetylcholinesterase. Food Chemistry. 2020 Sep;324:126889. .
• 12. Cheng Y, Ma B, Tan CP, Lai OM, Panpipat W, Cheong LZ, et al. Hierarchical macro-microporous ZIF-8 nanostructures as efficient nano-lipase carriers for rapid and direct electrochemical detection of nitrogenous diphenyl ether pesticides. Sensors and Actuators B: Chemical. 2020 Oct;321:128477. .
• 13. Chakraborty U, Bhanjana G, Kannu, Kaur N, Sharma R, Kaur G, et al. Microwave-assisted assembly of Ag2O-ZnO composite nanocones for electrochemical detection of 4-Nitrophenol and assessment of their photocatalytic activity towards degradation of 4-Nitrophenol and Methylene blue dye. Journal of Hazardous Materials. 2021 Aug;416:125771. .
• 14. AlAbdulaal TH, AlShadidi M, Hussien MSA, Vanga G, Bouzidi A, Rafique S, et al. Enhancing the electrical, optical, and structure morphology using Pr2O3-ZnO nanocomposites: Towards electronic varistors and environmental photocatalytic activity. Journal of Photochemistry and Photobiology A: Chemistry. 2021 Sep;418:113399. .
• 15. Alam MM, Asiri AM, Rahman MM. Fabrication of phenylhydrazine sensor with V2O5 doped ZnO nanocomposites. Materials Chemistry and Physics. 2020 Mar;243:122658. .
• 16. Singh AP, Balayan S, Gupta S, Jain U, Sarin RK, Chauhan N. Detection of pesticide residues utilizing enzyme-electrode interface via nano-patterning of TiO2 nanoparticles and molybdenum disulfide (MoS2) nanosheets. Process Biochemistry. 2021 Sep;108:185–93. .
• 17. Wang L, Huang X, Wang C, Tian X, Chang X, Ren Y, et al. Applications of surface functionalized Fe3O4 NPs-based detection methods in food safety. Food Chemistry. 2021 Apr;342:128343. .
• 18. Yan L, Yan X, Li H, Zhang X, Wang M, Fu S, et al. Reduced graphene oxide nanosheets and gold nanoparticles covalently linked to ferrocene-terminated dendrimer to construct electrochemical sensor with dual signal amplification strategy for ultra-sensitive detection of pesticide in vegetable. Microchemical Journal. 2020 Sep;157:105016. .
• 19. Minh PN, Hoang VT, Dinh NX, Van Hoang O, Van Cuong N, Thi Bich Hop D, et al. Reduced graphene oxide-wrapped silver nanoparticles for applications in ultrasensitive colorimetric detection of Cr( vi ) ions and the carbaryl pesticide. New J Chem. 2020;44(18):7611–20. .
• 20. Ding S, Lyu Z, Li S, Ruan X, Fei M, Zhou Y, et al. Molecularly imprinted polypyrrole nanotubes based electrochemical sensor for glyphosate detection. Biosensors and Bioelectronics. 2021 Nov;191:113434. .
• 21. Zhai X, Xu F, Li Y, Jun F, Li S, Zhang C, et al. A highly selective and recyclable sensor for the electroanalysis of phosphothioate pesticides using silver-doped ZnO nanorods arrays. Analytica Chimica Acta. 2021 Apr;1152:338285. .
• 22. Cesana R, Ferreira JHA, Gonçalves JM, Gomes D, Nakamura M, Peres RM, et al. Fluorescent Cdots(N)-Silica composites: Direct synthesis and application as electrochemical sensor of fenitrothion pesticide. Materials Science and Engineering: B. 2021 May;267:115084. .
• 23. Chen S, Gao J, Chang J, Zhang Y, Feng L. Organic-inorganic manganese (II) halide hybrids based paper sensor for the fluorometric determination of pesticide ferbam. Sensors and Actuators B: Chemical. 2019 Oct;297:126701. .
• 24. Dissanayake NM, Arachchilage JS, Samuels TA, Obare SO. Highly sensitive plasmonic metal nanoparticle-based sensors for the detection of organophosphorus pesticides. Talanta. 2019 Aug;200:218–27. .
• 25. Ragazzini I, Gualandi I, Selli S, Polizzi C, Cassani MC, Nanni D, et al. A simple and industrially scalable method for making a PANI-modified cellulose touch sensor. Carbohydrate Polymers. 2021 Feb;254:117304. .
• 26. Lv D, Shen W, Chen W, Tan R, Xu L, Song W. PSS-PANI/PVDF composite based flexible NH3 sensors with sub-ppm detection at room temperature. Sensors and Actuators B: Chemical. 2021 Feb;328:129085. .
• 27. Matindoust S, Farzi G, Nejad MB, Shahrokhabadi MH. Polymer-based gas sensors to detect meat spoilage: A review. Reactive and Functional Polymers. 2021 Aug;165:104962. .
• 28. Kumar V, Mirzaei A, Bonyani M, Kim KH, Kim HW, Kim SS. Advances in electrospun nanofiber fabrication for polyaniline (PANI)-based chemoresistive sensors for gaseous ammonia. TrAC Trends in Analytical Chemistry. 2020 Aug;129:115938. .
• 29. Oh WC, Fatema KN, Cho KY, Biswas MRUD. Microwave-assisted synthesis of conducting polymer matrix based thin film NaLa (MoO4)2-G-PPy composites for high-performance gas sensing. Surfaces and Interfaces. 2020 Dec;21:100713. .
• 30. Hien HT, Van Tuan C, Anh Thu DT, Ngan PQ, Thai GH, Doanh SC, et al. Influence of surface morphology and doping of PPy film simultaneously polymerized by vapour phase oxidation on gas sensing. Synthetic Metals. 2019 Apr;250:35–41. .
• 31. Dai H, Cao P, Chen D, Li Y, Wang N, Ma H, et al. Ni-Co-S/PPy core-shell nanohybrid on nickel foam as a non-enzymatic electrochemical glucose sensor. Synthetic Metals. 2018 Jan;235:97–102. .
• 32. Ding A, Wang J, Ni A, Li S. Ageing of sandwich composites with E-glass fibre/vinylester skins and PVC foam core in synergistic environmental agents. Composite Structures. 2018 Oct;202:253–60. .
• 33. Kannan A, Radhakrishnan S. Fabrication of an electrochemical sensor based on gold nanoparticles functionalized polypyrrole nanotubes for the highly sensitive detection of l-dopa. Materials Today Communications. 2020 Dec;25:101330. .
• 34. Shen Y, Qin Z, Li T, Zeng F, Chen Y, Liu N. Boosting the supercapacitor performance of polyaniline nanofibers through sulfonic acid assisted oligomer assembly during seeding polymerization process. Electrochimica Acta. 2020 Oct;356:136841. .
• 35. Delińska K, Yavir K, Kloskowski A. Ionic liquids in extraction techniques: Determination of pesticides in food and environmental samples. TrAC Trends in Analytical Chemistry. 2021 Oct;143:116396. .
• 36. Kumar M, Yadav AN, Saxena R, Paul D, Tomar RS. Biodiversity of pesticides degrading microbial communities and their environmental impact. Biocatalysis and Agricultural Biotechnology. 2021 Jan;31:101883. .
• 37. Zaynab M, Fatima M, Sharif Y, Sughra K, Sajid M, Khan KA, et al. Health and environmental effects of silent killers Organochlorine pesticides and polychlorinated biphenyl. Journal of King Saud University - Science. 2021 Sep;33(6):101511. .
• 38. Alves M de F, Corrêa RAM de S, da Cruz FS, Franco DL, Ferreira LF. Electrochemical enzymatic fenitrothion sensor based on a tyrosinase/poly(2-hydroxybenzamide)-modified graphite electrode. Analytical Biochemistry. 2018 Jul;553:15–23. .
• 39. Loguercio LF, Thesing A, Demingos P, de Albuquerque CDL, Rodrigues RSB, Brolo AG, et al. Efficient acetylcholinesterase immobilization for improved electrochemical performance in polypyrrole nanocomposite-based biosensors for carbaryl pesticide. Sensors and Actuators B: Chemical. 2021 Jul;339:129875. .
• 40. Köksoy B, Akyüz D, Şenocak A, Durmuş M, Demirbas E. Sensitive, simple and fast voltammetric determination of pesticides in juice samples by novel BODIPY-phthalocyanine-SWCNT hybrid platform. Food and Chemical Toxicology. 2021 Jan;147:111886. .
• 41. Rathnakumar SS, Noluthando K, Kulandaiswamy AJ, Rayappan JBB, Kasinathan K, Kennedy J, et al. Stalling behaviour of chloride ions: A non-enzymatic electrochemical detection of α-Endosulfan using CuO interface. Sensors and Actuators B: Chemical. 2019 Aug;293:100–6. .
• 42. Hashemi P, Karimian N, Khoshsafar H, Arduini F, Mesri M, Afkhami A, et al. Reduced graphene oxide decorated on Cu/CuO-Ag nanocomposite as a high-performance material for the construction of a non-enzymatic sensor: Application to the determination of carbaryl and fenamiphos pesticides. Materials Science and Engineering: C. 2019 Sep;102:764–72. .
• 43. Shi Z, Lu Y, Chen Z, Cheng C, Xu J, Zhang Q, et al. Electrochemical non-enzymatic sensing of glycoside toxins by boronic acid functionalized nano-composites on screen-printed electrode. Sensors and Actuators B: Chemical. 2021 Feb;329:129197. .
• 44. Khairy M, Ayoub HA, Banks CE. Non-enzymatic electrochemical platform for parathion pesticide sensing based on nanometer-sized nickel oxide modified screen-printed electrodes. Food Chemistry. 2018 Jul;255:104–11. .
• 45. Fu J, An X, Yao Y, Guo Y, Sun X. Electrochemical aptasensor based on one step co-electrodeposition of aptamer and GO-CuNPs nanocomposite for organophosphorus pesticide detection. Sensors and Actuators B: Chemical. 2019 May;287:503–9. .