İstanbul’da Erişkinlerin Güneşlenme ve Güneşten Korunmaya Yönelik Tutum ve Davranışları

Abstract

Amaç: Bu araştırma, İstanbul Anadolu Yakası’nda yaşayan erişkinlerin güneşten faydalanma ve korunmaya yönelik tutum ve davranışlarını değerlendirmek amacıyla yapılmıştır. Yöntem: Bu tanımlayıcı çalışma, 5 Şubat–5 Temmuz 2024 tarihleri arasında İstanbul’da 14 Aile Sağlığı Merkezine başvuran 407 yetişkin ile gerçekleştirilmiştir. Veriler, sosyo-demografik anket formu ve Güneşe Maruz Kalma ve Korunma İndeksi kullanılarak toplanmıştır. Bir üniversitenin girişimsel olmayan klinik araştırmalar etik kurulundan onay alınmıştır. Bulgular: Katılımcıların %68,1’i kadın, yaş ortalaması 39,13±13,84’tür. Yalnızca %34,6’sı güneş ışınlarının dik geldiği saatlerde düzenli olarak kısa süreli güneşlenmektedir. Güneşlenememe nedenleri arasında iş saatleri (%41) ve kapalı giyim tarzı (%33,4) olduğu belirtilmiştir. Katılımcıların %20,1’i hiç güneş kremi kullanmazken, %11,3’ü koruyucu kıyafet, %16’sı şapka/siperlik kullanmadığını, %4,4’ü gölgeyi tercih etmediğini belirtmiştir. Kadınların güneş kremi, koruyucu kıyafet ve gölge tercih etme davranışlarının erkeklerden istatistiksel olarak daha yüksek olduğu saptanmıştır (p<,05). Sonuç: Araştırma bulguları, erişkinlerin güneşten yeterince faydalanmadığını ve güneşten korunma davranışlarının düşük düzeyde olduğunu göstermektedir. Toplumun güneşten korunma konusunda bilinçlendirilmesine ve sağlıklı güneşlenme alışkanlıklarının geliştirilmesine ihtiyaç vardır.

Keywords

• güneşten faydalanma
• güneşten korunma
• erişkin
• davranış
• hemşirelik

Attitudes and Practices Related to Sunbathing and Sun Exposure Protection of Adults in İstanbul

Abstract

Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the attitudes and behaviors of adults living on the Anatolian side of Istanbul regarding sun exposure and sun protection. Methods: This descriptive study was carried out between February 5 and July 5, 2024, with 407 adults who presented to 14 Family Health Centers in Istanbul. Data were collected through a socio-demographic questionnaire and the Sun Exposure and Protection Index (SEPI). Data analysis was performed using non-parametric tests. Ethical approval was obtained from a University Health Sciences Institute Non-Interventional Clinical Research Ethics Committee. Results: Of the participants, 68.1% were female, and the mean age was 39.13±13.84 years. Only 34.6% reported short-term sunbathing during peak sunlight hours. The main reasons for insufficient sun exposure were working hours (41%) and clothing style (33.4%). In addition, 20.1% reported never using sunscreen, 11.3% did not use protective clothing, 16% did not use a hat/visor, and 4.4% never sought shade. Women reported significantly higher rates of sunscreen use, protective clothing, and shade-seeking compared to men (p<.05). Conclusion: The findings indicate that adults do not sufficiently benefit from sunlight and demonstrate low levels of sun protection behaviors. Public awareness campaigns and educational interventions are needed to promote healthy sun exposure and protective practices.

Keywords

• sunn exposure
• sun protection
• adult
• behavior
• nursing

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