Comparison of Glucose Levels in Blood Samples Taken from Coccygeal, Jugular and Mammary Vein of Cows in Lactation

Year 2023, , 44 - 47, 01.07.2023

Hüseyin Cihan , Sevim Kasap , Gülşah Akgül , Fatma Zehra Evci , Sezgin Şentürk

https://doi.org/10.30782/jrvm.1195467

Abstract

Blood glucose level is one of the most commonly used parameters in assessing the energy metabolism in dairy cows. The presented study
aimed to compare the glucose concentrations in blood samples taken from the coccygeal vein, jugular vein, and mammary vein from the same
animals at the same time. Healthy Holstein-Friesian dairy cows (n=25) in their second and third lactation were selected for the study. The
blood samples were taken from the coccygeal vein, jugular vein, and V. subcutanea abdominis (mammary vein) at the same time from each
animal. To analyze blood glucose, Free Style Optium Blood Glucose Test Strip (Abbott, Istanbul, TURKIYE) was used. In comparison to the
blood taken from both the jugular vein and coccygeal vein, glucose levels in blood samples taken from the mammary vein were significantly
low (P<0.001). As a result, the determination of glucose levels in blood samples taken from the mammary veins may cause erroneous interpretations.
Therefore, the mammary vein for blood glucose must not be used as a sampling site.

Keywords

Cow, Coccygeal vein glucose, Jugular vein, Mammary vein

References

• McArt JA, Nydam DV, Oetzel GR, Overton TR, Ospina PA. Elevated non-esterified fatty acids and beta-hydroxybutyrate and their association with transition dairy cow performance. The Veterinary Journal 2013;198,560-570.
• Şentürk S, Mecitoğlu Z, Temizel M, Cihan H, Kasap S, Demir G. Clinical and biochemical evaluation of cows occurring severe weight loss after calving. Journal of Research in Veterinary Medicine 2010;29:43-49.
• Baraille F, Planchais J, Dentin R, Guilmeau S, Postic C. Integration of chREBP-mediated glucose sensing into whole body metabolism. Physiology 2015;30:428-437.
• Lin Y, Sun X, Hou X, Qu B, Gao X, Li Q. Effects of glucose on lactose synthesis in mammary epithelial cells from dairy cow. BMC Veterinary Research 2016;12:2-11.
• Oikonomou G, Arsenos G, Valergakis G, Tsiaras A, Zygoyiannis D, Banos G. Genetic relationship of body energy and blood metabolites with reproduction in Holstein cows. Journal of Dairy Science 2008;91:4323-4332.
• Senturk S. Which laboratory parameters should be considered in which clinical findings in the practical laboratory for cattle? Ozsan Press: Bursa, 2017; pp.259-260.
• Mair B, Drillich M, Klein-Jöbstl D, Kanz P, Borchardt S, Meyer L, Schwendenwein I, Iwersen M. Glucose concentration in capillary blood of dairy cows obtained by a minimally invasive lancet technique and determined with three different hand-held devices. BMC Veterinary Research 2016; 12:34.
• Voyvoda H, Erdogan H. Use of a hand-held meter for detecting subclinical ketosis in dairy cows. Research in Veterinary Science 2010;89:344-351.
• Panousiıs N, Kritsepi M, Karagiannis I, Kalaitzakis E, Lafı E, Brozos C. Evaluation of precision exceed for on-site monitoring of blood B-hydroxybutyric acid and glucose in dairy cows. Journal of Hellenic Veterinary Medical Society 2011;62:109-117.
• Oetzel G, McGuirk S. Fact sheet - Cowside blood BHBA testing with a hand-held ‘ketometer’- version 4, 3/5/09, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, USA. http://www.vetmed.wisc.edu/dms/fapm/fapmtools/tci/BHBA-Testing- Update-090305.pdf [Accessed 2 May 2011].
• Zakian A, Tehrani‐Sharif M, Mokhber‐Dezfouli M, Nouri M, Constable P. Evaluation of a point‐of‐care electrochemical meter to detect subclinical ketosis and hypoglycemia in lactating dairy cows. Australian Veterinary Journal 2017;95:123-128.
• Šamanc H, Kirovski D, Lakić N, Celeska I, Bojković-Kovačević, S, Sladojević Ž, Ivanov I. A comparison of the concentrations of energy-balance-related variables in jugular and mammary vein blood of dairy cows with different milk yield. Acta Veterinaria Hungarica 2014;62:52-63.
• Hammon HM, Metges CC, Schulz A, Junghans P, Steinhoff J, Schneider F, Pfuhl R, Bruckmaier R, Weikard R, Kühn C. Differences in milk production, glucose metabolism, and carcass composition of two Charolais 3 Holstein F2 families derived from reciprocal paternal and maternal grandsire crosses. Journal of Dairy Science 2010;93:3007-3018.
• Komatsu T, Itoh F, Kushibiki S, Hodate K. Changes in gene expression of glucose transporters in lactating and nonlactating cows. Journal of Animal Science 2005;83:557-564.