Etlik Piliçlerde Göğüs Eti Kas Miyopatileri ve Kreatin Kinaz Enzim Düzeyi Üzerine Genotip ve Yaşın Etkisi

Erdem Çağlar Küpeli; Metin Petek; Zehra Avcı Küpeli

Research Article

Effects of Genotype and Age on Broiler Breast Meat Myopathies and Serum Creatine Kinase Activity

Year 2025, Volume: 44 Issue: 1, 16 - 24, 29.07.2025

Erdem Çağlar Küpeli , Metin Petek , Zehra Avcı Küpeli

Abstract

This study was made to investigate serum cratein kinase and breast meat myopathies in female broiler breast meat of local Anadolu-T and two commercial genotypes as RossPM3 and Cobb500. A total of 150-day-old female broiler breast meat and blood samples colllected during slaughter were used. Serum creatine kinase levels were determined by taking blood from the brachial wing vein on the 28th day and from the jugular vein during slaughter on the 37th and 44th days. Deep pectoral myopathie, pale-soft-exudative breast meat, dark-firm-dry breast meat, white striping, wooden breast meat and spaghetti meat formation were examined macroscopically in the breast meat muscle samples obtained from slaughtering at 37 and 44 days of age in the groups. Serum creatine kinase enzyme level increased with age (P<0.001) and was significantly lower in the Ross308 genotype (P<.014). In the examined breast muscle samples, it was determined that white striping and woody breast muscle developed. The prevalence of myopathies increased in relation to the creatine kinase level. It was concluded that serum creatine kinase level can be used as an indicator in the development of pectoral muscle myopathies, and that it would be beneficial to study a larger amount of samples in order to more clearly reveal the differences between genotypes.

Keywords

Broiler, genotype, age, creatine kinase, myopathies

Ethical Statement

Çalışma için; BUÜ hayvan deneyleri yerel Etik Kurulu’ ndan 08.02.2022 tarih ve 2022-02/01 karar no.lu araştırma izni alınmıştır.

Supporting Institution

Bursa Uludağ Üniversitesi Bilimsel Araştırma Projeleri Komisyon Başkanlığı

Project Number

TDK-2023-1331

Thanks

Bu çalışma “Farklı genotip dişi etlik piliçlerde ızgaralı zeminin göğüs eti kas miyopatileri ve et kalitesi üzerine etkileri” konu başlıklı tez çalışmasından özetlenmiştir

References

1. Barbut S. Recent myopathies in broiler’s breast meat fillets. World’s Poult Scie Assoc. 2019;75:559-581.
2. Bailey RA, Souza E, Avendano S. Characterising the influence of genetics on breast muscle myopathies in broiler chickens. Front Physiol. 2020;11:1041. doi:10.3389/fphys.2020.01041
3. Petracci M, Soglia F, Madruga M, Carvalho L, Ida E, Estevez M. Wooden-breast, white striping and spaghetti meat: causes, consequences and consumer perception of emerging broiler meat abnormalities. Compr Rev Food Sci Food Saf. 2019. doi:10.1111/1541-4337.12431
4. Aviagen. Breast muscle myopathies (BMM). 0219-AVN-006. Published 2019. Accessed August 23, 2021. www.aviagen.com
5. Velleman SG. Broiler breast muscle myopathies: association with satellite cells. Poult Sci. 2023;102. doi:10.1016/j.psj.2023.1029
6. Özbek M, Petek M, Çetin E, Çetin I. Influence of genotype and housing systems on the incidence of white striping, proximate composition, and sensory analysis of broiler breast meat. Acta Vet Eur. 2023;49:155-162.
7. Mazzoni M, Petracci M, Meluzzi A, Cavani C, Clavenzani P, Sirri F. Relationship between pectoralis major muscle histology and quality traits of chicken meat. Poult Sci. 2015;94:123-130. doi:10.3382/ps/peu043
8. Mudalal S, Lorenzi M, Soglia F, Cavani C, Petracci M. Implications of white striping and wooden breast abnormalities on quality traits of raw and marinated chicken meat. Animal. 2015;9(4):724-728. doi:10.1017/S175173111400295X
9. Dalle Zotte A, Cecchinato M, Quartesan A, Bradanovic J, Tasoniero G, Puolanne E. How does “Wooden Breast” myodegeneration affect poultry meat quality? Arch Latinoam Prod Anim. 2014;22:476-479.
10. Griffin JR, Moraes L, Wick M, Lilburn MS. Onset of white striping and progression into wooden breast as defined by myopathic changes underlying Pectoralis major growth. Estimation of growth parameters as predictors for stage of myopathy progression. Avian Pathol. 2018;47:2-13.
11. Montagna FS, Garcia G, Naas IA, Lima NDS, Caldara FR. Practical assessment of spaghetti breast in diverse genetic strain broilers reared under different environments. Braz J Poult Sci. 2019;21(2). doi:10.1590/1806-9061-2018-0759
12. Bonnefous C, Collin A, Guilloteau LA, et al. Performance, meat quality, and blood parameters in four strains of organic broilers differ according to range use. Sci Rep. 2024;14:30854. doi:10.1038/s41598-024-81672-9
13. Kong F, Zhao G, He Z, et al. Serum creatine kinase as a biomarker to predict wooden breast in vivo for chicken breeding. Front Physiol. 2021;12:711711. doi:10.3389/fphys.2021.711711
14. Cartoni Mancinelli A, Mugnai C, Castellini C, et al. Effect of transport length and genotype on tonic immobility, blood parameters, and carcass contamination of free-range reared chickens. Ital J Anim Sci. 2018;17(3):557-564. doi:10.1080/1828051X.2018.1423583
15. Mattioli S, A. Dal Bosco, S. Ruggeri, M. Martino, L. Moscati, C. Pesca, C. Castellini (2017) Adaptive response to exercise of fast-growing and slow-growing chicken strains: Blood oxidative status and non-enzymatic antioxidant defense. Poult Sci.96:4096-4102. https://doi.org/10.3382/ps/pex203.
16. Turkstat. Poultry production. Published September 2024. Accessed January 6, 2025. https://data.tuik.gov.tr/Bulten/Index?p=Poultry-Production-September-2024-53570&dil=2
17. Tagem Arge & Innovation. Yerli etlik damızlık tavuk ıslah çalışmaları (In Turkish). Published 2022. Accessed January 6, 2025. https://arastirma.tarimorman.gov.tr/gktaem/Belgeler/Toprak%20Su-Bitki%20Laboratuvar/Anadolu-T%20Leaflet.pdf
18. Erensoy K, Sarıca M. Fast growing broiler production from genetically different pure lines in Turkey. 2. Broiler traits: growth, feed intake, feed efficiency, livability, body defects, and some heterotic effects. Trop Anim Health Prod. 2023;55:61. doi:10.1007/s11250-023-03461-2
19. Petek M, Güler M. Farklı genotip etlik piliçlerde kümeste civciv çıkımı uygulamasının hayvan refahı ve davranışları ile sindirim sistemi organ gelişimi üzerine etkisi. BUÜ Bilimsel Araştırma Projeleri Komisyon Başkanlığı Doktora Tez Projesi, 2025.
20. Petek M, Küpeli E. Farklı genotip dişi etlik piliçlerde ızgaralı zeminin göğüs eti kas miyopatileri ve et kalitesi üzerine etkileri. BUÜ Bilimsel Araştırma Projeleri Komisyon Başkanlığı Doktora Tez Projesi, 2025.
21. Avcı Küpeli Z, Küpeli M, Petek M. Histopathologic evaluation of wooden breast and white striping myopathy in different broiler genotypes using light microscopy and image analysis. Rev Cientifica. 2025;35(1). doi:10.52973/rcfcv-e35555
22. Anonim. Etçi tavukların korunması ile ilgili asgari standartlara ilişkin yönetmelik. Resmi Gazete. Published January 20, 2018. Issue No: 30307.
23. Kelly L, Alworth L. Techniques for collecting blood from the domestic chicken. Lab Anim. 2013;42:359-361. doi:10.1038/laban.394
24. Humane Slaughter Association (HSA). Practical slaughter of poultry. Published 2013. Accessed March 5, 2020. www.hsa.org.uk
25. Turkish Standards Institution (TSI). Poultry-Rules for slaughtering and carcass preparing. TS5925. Published 2014. Ankara, Turkey.
26. Turkish Standards Institution (TSI). Poultry carcass-Rules for carcass dissecting, packaging, transportation, and storage. TS5890. Published 2014. Ankara, Turkey.
27. Alnahhas N, Berri C, Chabault M, et al. Genetic parameters of white striping in relation to body weight, carcass composition, and meat quality traits in two broiler lines divergently selected for the ultimate pH of the Pectoralis major muscle. BMC Genet. 2016;17:61. doi:10.1186/s12863-016-0369-2
28. Kuttappan VA, Hargis BM, Owens CM. White striping and woody breast myopathies in the modern poultry industry: a review. Poult Sci. 2016;95(11):2724-2733.
29. Giampietro-Ganeco A, Owens CM, Borba H, et al. Impact of deep pectoral myopathy on chemical composition and quality parameters of chicken breast fillet. Poult Sci. 2021;9. doi:10.1016/j.psj.2021.101377
30. Baldi G, Yen CN, Daughtry MR, et al. Exploring the factors contributing to the high ultimate pH of broiler Pectoralis major muscles affected by wooden breast condition. Front Physiol. 2020;11:343. doi:10.3389/fphys.2020.00343
31. IBM Corp. IBM SPSS Statistics for Windows, Version 28.0. Armonk, NY: IBM Corp; 2021.
32. Snedecor GW, Cochran WG. Statistical Methods. 8th ed. Iowa State University; 1989.
33. Mir NA, Rafiq A, Kumar F, Singh V, Shukla V. Determinants of broiler chicken meat quality and factors affecting them: a review. J Food Sci Technol. 2017;54(10):2997-3009. doi:10.1007/s13197-017-2789-z
34. Özbek M, Petek M, Ardıçlı S. Physical quality characteristics of breast and leg meat of slow- and fast-growing broilers raised in different housing systems. Arch Anim Breed. 2020;63:337-344. doi:10.5194/aab-63-337-2020
35. Lee SK, Chon JW, Yun YK, et al. Properties of broiler breast meat with pale color and a new approach for evaluating meat freshness in poultry processing plants. Poult Sci. 2022;101. doi:10.1016/j.psj.2021.101627
36. Valenta J, Chodová D, Tůmová E, Ketta M. Carcass characteristics and breast meat quality in fast-, medium-, and slow-growing chickens. Czech J Anim Sci. 2022;67(7):286-294. doi:10.17221/91/2022-CJAS
37. Abdourhamane IM, Petek M. Effects of range access on behavioral-based welfare indicators and foot health condition of slow- and fast-growing broilers. Acta Vet Eurasia. 2023;49:75-81. doi:10.5152/actavet.2023.22094
38. Hailemariam A, Esatu W, Abegaz S, Urge M, Assefa G, Dessie T. Effect of genotype and sex on breast meat quality characteristics of different chickens. J Agric Food Res. 2022;10. doi:10.1016/j.jafr.2022.100423
39. Li J, Yang C, Peng H, et al. Effects of slaughter age on muscle characteristics and meat quality traits of Da-Heng meat-type birds. Animals (Basel). 2019;10(1):69. doi:10.3390/ani10010069
40. Maynard CJ, Jackson AR, Caldas-Cueva JP, et al. Meat quality attributes of male and female broilers from four commercial strains processed for two market programs. Poult Sci. 2023;102(5). doi:10.1016/j.psj.2023.102570
41. Lebednikaitė E, Sutkevičienė N, Vilkonienė T, et al. Serum biochemical parameters of broilers affected by wooden breast myopathy. Animals (Basel). 2024;14(10):1499. doi:10.3390/ani1410149
42. Kuttappan VA, Huff GR, Huff WE, Hargis BM, Apple JK, et al. Comparison of hematologic and serologic profiles of broiler birds with normal and severe degrees of white striping in breast fillets. Poult Sci. 2013;92(2):339-345. doi:10.3382/ps.2012-02647
43. Vieira SL, Simões CT, Kindlein L, Ferreira TZ, Soster P, Stefanello C. Progressive in vivo detection of wooden breast in broilers as affected by dietary energy and protein. Poult Sci. 2021;100:101120. doi:10.1016/j.psj.2021.101120
44. Amaral PC, Zimmerman C, Santos LR, et al. Evaluation of physiological parameters of broilers with dorsal cranial myopathy. Rev Bras Cienc Avic. 2017;19(1). doi:10.1590/1806-9061-2016-0377
45. Siddique A, Black MT, Alvarado BW, et al. Effect of age, deboning time of carcass, and different cooking conditions on the woody breast myopathies in chicken: a meta-analysis. Foods. 2024;13:2632. doi:10.3390/foods13162632
46. Petek M, Özbek M, Topal E. Strategies to prevent pectoral myopathies in broiler meat production: effects of genotype and floor type. Proceedings of the 5th International Poultry Meat Congress; 2019; Antalya, Turkey.
47. Toplu HD, Aypak SÜ, Nazlıgül A, Kaya M. Effects of feed restriction on the occurrence of white striping and wooden breast myopathies, performance, carcass characteristics, and some blood parameters in broiler chickens. Turk J Vet Anim Sci. 2021;45(4). doi:10.3906/vet-2101-7
48. Shakeri M, Choi J, Harris C, Buhr RJ, Kong B, Zhuang H, Bowker B. Reduced ribonucleotide reductase RRM2 subunit expression increases DNA damage and mitochondria dysfunction in woody breast chickens. Am J Vet Res. 2024. doi:10.2460/ajvr.23.12.0283
49. Sihvo HK, Immonen K, Puolanne E. Myodegeneration with fibrosis and regeneration in the Pectoralis major muscle of broilers. Vet Pathol. 2014;51:619-623.
50. Huang X, Ahn DU. The incidence of muscle abnormalities in broiler breast meat—A review. Korean J Food Sci Anim Resour. 2018;38:835-850.
51. Havenstein GB, Ferket PR, Qureshi MA. Carcass composition and yield of 1957 versus 2001 broilers when fed representative 1957 and 2001 broiler diets. Poult Sci. 2003;82:1509-1518.
52. Mutryn MF, Brannick EM, Fu F, Lee WR, Abasht B. Characterization of a novel chicken muscle disorder through differential gene expression and pathway analysis using RNA-sequencing. BMC Genomics. 2015;16:399. doi:10.1186/s12864-015-1623-0
53. Clark DL, Velleman SG. Spatial influence on breast muscle morphological structure, myofiber size, and gene expression associated with the wooden breast myopathy in broilers. Poult Sci. 2016;95:2930-2945. doi:10.3382/ps/pew252
54. Malila Y, Thanatsang K, Arayamethakorn S, et al. Absolute expressions of hypoxia inducible factor-1 alpha (HIF1A) transcript and the associated genes in chicken skeletal muscle with white striping and wooden breast myopathies. PLoS One. 2019;14(8):e0220904. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0220904
55. Lee J, Mienaltowski MJ. Broiler white striping: a review of its etiology, effects on production, and mitigation efforts. Poult Sci. 2023;2(2):292-304. doi:10.3390/poultry2020022

Etlik Piliçlerde Göğüs Eti Kas Miyopatileri ve Kreatin Kinaz Enzim Düzeyi Üzerine Genotip ve Yaşın Etkisi

Year 2025, Volume: 44 Issue: 1, 16 - 24, 29.07.2025

Erdem Çağlar Küpeli , Metin Petek , Zehra Avcı Küpeli

Abstract

Bu çalışma farklı genotip etlik piliçlerde göğüs eti kas miyopatilerinin yaygınlık düzeyi ve serum kreatin kinaz enzim aktivitesini incelemek amacı ile yapılmıştır. Çalışmada Cobb 500, Ross308 ve yerli Anadolu-T genotipi, etlik piliçlerden elde edilen göğüs etleri kullanılmıştır. Her genotipten 50 adet (her tekrarlı grupta 10 adet) olmak üzere toplamda 150 adet, dişi, günlük yaşta, etlik civciv çalışmanın canlı materyalini oluşturmuştur. Deneme gruplarında yer alan hayvanlar; etlik piliçler için standart yöntemler ile tamamı ızgaralı zeminde büyütülmüş, büyütme döneminin 28. gününde kanat venasından, 37 ve 44. günlerinde, kesim esnasında, boyun venasından kan alınarak serum kreatin kinaz aktivitesi ölçülmüştür. Gruplarda 37 ve 44 günlük yaşlarda yapılan kesimlerden el de edilen göğüs eti kas örneklerinde makroskopik olarak derin kas hastalığı, yumuşak-solgun-akışkan göğüs eti, koyu-sert-kuru göğüs eti oluşumu, beyaz çizgi oluşumu, odunumsu göğüs eti ve spagetti et oluşumu gibi göğüs eti kas miyopatileri incelenmiştir. Serum kireatin kinaz enzim düzeyi yaşla birlikte artmış (P<0.001), Ross308 genotipinde önemli düzeyde daha düşük bulunmuştur (P<0.014). İncelenen göğüs kası örneklerinde; kas miyopatilerinden beyaz şerit oluşumu ve odunumsu göğüs kası geliştiği tespit edilmiştir. Kreatin kinaz düzeyi ile ilişkili olarak genelde yaşla birlikte makroskopik miyopati gelişimi de artmıştır. Serum kreatin kinaz düzeyinin göğüs kası miyopatilerinin gelişiminde bir indikatör olarak kullanılabileceği, makroskopik düzeyde genotipler arası farklılığı daha belirgin olarak ortaya koyabilmek için daha fazla sayıda örnek ile çalışılmasının faydalı olacağı sonucuna ulaşılmıştır.

Keywords

Etlik piliç, genotip, kreatin kinaz, göğüs eti miyopatileri, et kalitesi

Project Number

TDK-2023-1331

References

1. Barbut S. Recent myopathies in broiler’s breast meat fillets. World’s Poult Scie Assoc. 2019;75:559-581.
2. Bailey RA, Souza E, Avendano S. Characterising the influence of genetics on breast muscle myopathies in broiler chickens. Front Physiol. 2020;11:1041. doi:10.3389/fphys.2020.01041
3. Petracci M, Soglia F, Madruga M, Carvalho L, Ida E, Estevez M. Wooden-breast, white striping and spaghetti meat: causes, consequences and consumer perception of emerging broiler meat abnormalities. Compr Rev Food Sci Food Saf. 2019. doi:10.1111/1541-4337.12431
4. Aviagen. Breast muscle myopathies (BMM). 0219-AVN-006. Published 2019. Accessed August 23, 2021. www.aviagen.com
5. Velleman SG. Broiler breast muscle myopathies: association with satellite cells. Poult Sci. 2023;102. doi:10.1016/j.psj.2023.1029
6. Özbek M, Petek M, Çetin E, Çetin I. Influence of genotype and housing systems on the incidence of white striping, proximate composition, and sensory analysis of broiler breast meat. Acta Vet Eur. 2023;49:155-162.
7. Mazzoni M, Petracci M, Meluzzi A, Cavani C, Clavenzani P, Sirri F. Relationship between pectoralis major muscle histology and quality traits of chicken meat. Poult Sci. 2015;94:123-130. doi:10.3382/ps/peu043
8. Mudalal S, Lorenzi M, Soglia F, Cavani C, Petracci M. Implications of white striping and wooden breast abnormalities on quality traits of raw and marinated chicken meat. Animal. 2015;9(4):724-728. doi:10.1017/S175173111400295X
9. Dalle Zotte A, Cecchinato M, Quartesan A, Bradanovic J, Tasoniero G, Puolanne E. How does “Wooden Breast” myodegeneration affect poultry meat quality? Arch Latinoam Prod Anim. 2014;22:476-479.
10. Griffin JR, Moraes L, Wick M, Lilburn MS. Onset of white striping and progression into wooden breast as defined by myopathic changes underlying Pectoralis major growth. Estimation of growth parameters as predictors for stage of myopathy progression. Avian Pathol. 2018;47:2-13.
11. Montagna FS, Garcia G, Naas IA, Lima NDS, Caldara FR. Practical assessment of spaghetti breast in diverse genetic strain broilers reared under different environments. Braz J Poult Sci. 2019;21(2). doi:10.1590/1806-9061-2018-0759
12. Bonnefous C, Collin A, Guilloteau LA, et al. Performance, meat quality, and blood parameters in four strains of organic broilers differ according to range use. Sci Rep. 2024;14:30854. doi:10.1038/s41598-024-81672-9
13. Kong F, Zhao G, He Z, et al. Serum creatine kinase as a biomarker to predict wooden breast in vivo for chicken breeding. Front Physiol. 2021;12:711711. doi:10.3389/fphys.2021.711711
14. Cartoni Mancinelli A, Mugnai C, Castellini C, et al. Effect of transport length and genotype on tonic immobility, blood parameters, and carcass contamination of free-range reared chickens. Ital J Anim Sci. 2018;17(3):557-564. doi:10.1080/1828051X.2018.1423583
15. Mattioli S, A. Dal Bosco, S. Ruggeri, M. Martino, L. Moscati, C. Pesca, C. Castellini (2017) Adaptive response to exercise of fast-growing and slow-growing chicken strains: Blood oxidative status and non-enzymatic antioxidant defense. Poult Sci.96:4096-4102. https://doi.org/10.3382/ps/pex203.
16. Turkstat. Poultry production. Published September 2024. Accessed January 6, 2025. https://data.tuik.gov.tr/Bulten/Index?p=Poultry-Production-September-2024-53570&dil=2
17. Tagem Arge & Innovation. Yerli etlik damızlık tavuk ıslah çalışmaları (In Turkish). Published 2022. Accessed January 6, 2025. https://arastirma.tarimorman.gov.tr/gktaem/Belgeler/Toprak%20Su-Bitki%20Laboratuvar/Anadolu-T%20Leaflet.pdf
18. Erensoy K, Sarıca M. Fast growing broiler production from genetically different pure lines in Turkey. 2. Broiler traits: growth, feed intake, feed efficiency, livability, body defects, and some heterotic effects. Trop Anim Health Prod. 2023;55:61. doi:10.1007/s11250-023-03461-2
19. Petek M, Güler M. Farklı genotip etlik piliçlerde kümeste civciv çıkımı uygulamasının hayvan refahı ve davranışları ile sindirim sistemi organ gelişimi üzerine etkisi. BUÜ Bilimsel Araştırma Projeleri Komisyon Başkanlığı Doktora Tez Projesi, 2025.
20. Petek M, Küpeli E. Farklı genotip dişi etlik piliçlerde ızgaralı zeminin göğüs eti kas miyopatileri ve et kalitesi üzerine etkileri. BUÜ Bilimsel Araştırma Projeleri Komisyon Başkanlığı Doktora Tez Projesi, 2025.
21. Avcı Küpeli Z, Küpeli M, Petek M. Histopathologic evaluation of wooden breast and white striping myopathy in different broiler genotypes using light microscopy and image analysis. Rev Cientifica. 2025;35(1). doi:10.52973/rcfcv-e35555
22. Anonim. Etçi tavukların korunması ile ilgili asgari standartlara ilişkin yönetmelik. Resmi Gazete. Published January 20, 2018. Issue No: 30307.
23. Kelly L, Alworth L. Techniques for collecting blood from the domestic chicken. Lab Anim. 2013;42:359-361. doi:10.1038/laban.394
24. Humane Slaughter Association (HSA). Practical slaughter of poultry. Published 2013. Accessed March 5, 2020. www.hsa.org.uk
25. Turkish Standards Institution (TSI). Poultry-Rules for slaughtering and carcass preparing. TS5925. Published 2014. Ankara, Turkey.
26. Turkish Standards Institution (TSI). Poultry carcass-Rules for carcass dissecting, packaging, transportation, and storage. TS5890. Published 2014. Ankara, Turkey.
27. Alnahhas N, Berri C, Chabault M, et al. Genetic parameters of white striping in relation to body weight, carcass composition, and meat quality traits in two broiler lines divergently selected for the ultimate pH of the Pectoralis major muscle. BMC Genet. 2016;17:61. doi:10.1186/s12863-016-0369-2
28. Kuttappan VA, Hargis BM, Owens CM. White striping and woody breast myopathies in the modern poultry industry: a review. Poult Sci. 2016;95(11):2724-2733.
29. Giampietro-Ganeco A, Owens CM, Borba H, et al. Impact of deep pectoral myopathy on chemical composition and quality parameters of chicken breast fillet. Poult Sci. 2021;9. doi:10.1016/j.psj.2021.101377
30. Baldi G, Yen CN, Daughtry MR, et al. Exploring the factors contributing to the high ultimate pH of broiler Pectoralis major muscles affected by wooden breast condition. Front Physiol. 2020;11:343. doi:10.3389/fphys.2020.00343
31. IBM Corp. IBM SPSS Statistics for Windows, Version 28.0. Armonk, NY: IBM Corp; 2021.
32. Snedecor GW, Cochran WG. Statistical Methods. 8th ed. Iowa State University; 1989.
33. Mir NA, Rafiq A, Kumar F, Singh V, Shukla V. Determinants of broiler chicken meat quality and factors affecting them: a review. J Food Sci Technol. 2017;54(10):2997-3009. doi:10.1007/s13197-017-2789-z
34. Özbek M, Petek M, Ardıçlı S. Physical quality characteristics of breast and leg meat of slow- and fast-growing broilers raised in different housing systems. Arch Anim Breed. 2020;63:337-344. doi:10.5194/aab-63-337-2020
35. Lee SK, Chon JW, Yun YK, et al. Properties of broiler breast meat with pale color and a new approach for evaluating meat freshness in poultry processing plants. Poult Sci. 2022;101. doi:10.1016/j.psj.2021.101627
36. Valenta J, Chodová D, Tůmová E, Ketta M. Carcass characteristics and breast meat quality in fast-, medium-, and slow-growing chickens. Czech J Anim Sci. 2022;67(7):286-294. doi:10.17221/91/2022-CJAS
37. Abdourhamane IM, Petek M. Effects of range access on behavioral-based welfare indicators and foot health condition of slow- and fast-growing broilers. Acta Vet Eurasia. 2023;49:75-81. doi:10.5152/actavet.2023.22094
38. Hailemariam A, Esatu W, Abegaz S, Urge M, Assefa G, Dessie T. Effect of genotype and sex on breast meat quality characteristics of different chickens. J Agric Food Res. 2022;10. doi:10.1016/j.jafr.2022.100423
39. Li J, Yang C, Peng H, et al. Effects of slaughter age on muscle characteristics and meat quality traits of Da-Heng meat-type birds. Animals (Basel). 2019;10(1):69. doi:10.3390/ani10010069
40. Maynard CJ, Jackson AR, Caldas-Cueva JP, et al. Meat quality attributes of male and female broilers from four commercial strains processed for two market programs. Poult Sci. 2023;102(5). doi:10.1016/j.psj.2023.102570
41. Lebednikaitė E, Sutkevičienė N, Vilkonienė T, et al. Serum biochemical parameters of broilers affected by wooden breast myopathy. Animals (Basel). 2024;14(10):1499. doi:10.3390/ani1410149
42. Kuttappan VA, Huff GR, Huff WE, Hargis BM, Apple JK, et al. Comparison of hematologic and serologic profiles of broiler birds with normal and severe degrees of white striping in breast fillets. Poult Sci. 2013;92(2):339-345. doi:10.3382/ps.2012-02647
43. Vieira SL, Simões CT, Kindlein L, Ferreira TZ, Soster P, Stefanello C. Progressive in vivo detection of wooden breast in broilers as affected by dietary energy and protein. Poult Sci. 2021;100:101120. doi:10.1016/j.psj.2021.101120
44. Amaral PC, Zimmerman C, Santos LR, et al. Evaluation of physiological parameters of broilers with dorsal cranial myopathy. Rev Bras Cienc Avic. 2017;19(1). doi:10.1590/1806-9061-2016-0377
45. Siddique A, Black MT, Alvarado BW, et al. Effect of age, deboning time of carcass, and different cooking conditions on the woody breast myopathies in chicken: a meta-analysis. Foods. 2024;13:2632. doi:10.3390/foods13162632
46. Petek M, Özbek M, Topal E. Strategies to prevent pectoral myopathies in broiler meat production: effects of genotype and floor type. Proceedings of the 5th International Poultry Meat Congress; 2019; Antalya, Turkey.
47. Toplu HD, Aypak SÜ, Nazlıgül A, Kaya M. Effects of feed restriction on the occurrence of white striping and wooden breast myopathies, performance, carcass characteristics, and some blood parameters in broiler chickens. Turk J Vet Anim Sci. 2021;45(4). doi:10.3906/vet-2101-7
48. Shakeri M, Choi J, Harris C, Buhr RJ, Kong B, Zhuang H, Bowker B. Reduced ribonucleotide reductase RRM2 subunit expression increases DNA damage and mitochondria dysfunction in woody breast chickens. Am J Vet Res. 2024. doi:10.2460/ajvr.23.12.0283
49. Sihvo HK, Immonen K, Puolanne E. Myodegeneration with fibrosis and regeneration in the Pectoralis major muscle of broilers. Vet Pathol. 2014;51:619-623.
50. Huang X, Ahn DU. The incidence of muscle abnormalities in broiler breast meat—A review. Korean J Food Sci Anim Resour. 2018;38:835-850.
51. Havenstein GB, Ferket PR, Qureshi MA. Carcass composition and yield of 1957 versus 2001 broilers when fed representative 1957 and 2001 broiler diets. Poult Sci. 2003;82:1509-1518.
52. Mutryn MF, Brannick EM, Fu F, Lee WR, Abasht B. Characterization of a novel chicken muscle disorder through differential gene expression and pathway analysis using RNA-sequencing. BMC Genomics. 2015;16:399. doi:10.1186/s12864-015-1623-0
53. Clark DL, Velleman SG. Spatial influence on breast muscle morphological structure, myofiber size, and gene expression associated with the wooden breast myopathy in broilers. Poult Sci. 2016;95:2930-2945. doi:10.3382/ps/pew252
54. Malila Y, Thanatsang K, Arayamethakorn S, et al. Absolute expressions of hypoxia inducible factor-1 alpha (HIF1A) transcript and the associated genes in chicken skeletal muscle with white striping and wooden breast myopathies. PLoS One. 2019;14(8):e0220904. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0220904
55. Lee J, Mienaltowski MJ. Broiler white striping: a review of its etiology, effects on production, and mitigation efforts. Poult Sci. 2023;2(2):292-304. doi:10.3390/poultry2020022

There are 55 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language	Turkish
Subjects	Veterinary Sciences (Other)
Journal Section	Research Articles
Authors	Erdem Çağlar Küpeli 0009-0005-7638-472X Metin Petek 0000-0003-4560-2438 Zehra Avcı Küpeli 0000-0003-1853-4679
Project Number	TDK-2023-1331
Publication Date	July 29, 2025
Submission Date	March 4, 2025
Acceptance Date	April 29, 2025
Published in Issue	Year 2025 Volume: 44 Issue: 1

Cite

APA	Küpeli, E. Ç., Petek, M., & Avcı Küpeli, Z. (2025). Etlik Piliçlerde Göğüs Eti Kas Miyopatileri ve Kreatin Kinaz Enzim Düzeyi Üzerine Genotip ve Yaşın Etkisi. Journal of Research in Veterinary Medicine, 44(1), 16-24.
AMA	Küpeli EÇ, Petek M, Avcı Küpeli Z. Etlik Piliçlerde Göğüs Eti Kas Miyopatileri ve Kreatin Kinaz Enzim Düzeyi Üzerine Genotip ve Yaşın Etkisi. J Res Vet Med. July 2025;44(1):16-24.
Chicago	Küpeli, Erdem Çağlar, Metin Petek, and Zehra Avcı Küpeli. “Etlik Piliçlerde Göğüs Eti Kas Miyopatileri Ve Kreatin Kinaz Enzim Düzeyi Üzerine Genotip Ve Yaşın Etkisi”. Journal of Research in Veterinary Medicine 44, no. 1 (July 2025): 16-24.
EndNote	Küpeli EÇ, Petek M, Avcı Küpeli Z (July 1, 2025) Etlik Piliçlerde Göğüs Eti Kas Miyopatileri ve Kreatin Kinaz Enzim Düzeyi Üzerine Genotip ve Yaşın Etkisi. Journal of Research in Veterinary Medicine 44 1 16–24.
IEEE	E. Ç. Küpeli, M. Petek, and Z. Avcı Küpeli, “Etlik Piliçlerde Göğüs Eti Kas Miyopatileri ve Kreatin Kinaz Enzim Düzeyi Üzerine Genotip ve Yaşın Etkisi”, J Res Vet Med, vol. 44, no. 1, pp. 16–24, 2025.
ISNAD	Küpeli, Erdem Çağlar et al. “Etlik Piliçlerde Göğüs Eti Kas Miyopatileri Ve Kreatin Kinaz Enzim Düzeyi Üzerine Genotip Ve Yaşın Etkisi”. Journal of Research in Veterinary Medicine 44/1 (July 2025), 16-24.
JAMA	Küpeli EÇ, Petek M, Avcı Küpeli Z. Etlik Piliçlerde Göğüs Eti Kas Miyopatileri ve Kreatin Kinaz Enzim Düzeyi Üzerine Genotip ve Yaşın Etkisi. J Res Vet Med. 2025;44:16–24.
MLA	Küpeli, Erdem Çağlar et al. “Etlik Piliçlerde Göğüs Eti Kas Miyopatileri Ve Kreatin Kinaz Enzim Düzeyi Üzerine Genotip Ve Yaşın Etkisi”. Journal of Research in Veterinary Medicine, vol. 44, no. 1, 2025, pp. 16-24.
Vancouver	Küpeli EÇ, Petek M, Avcı Küpeli Z. Etlik Piliçlerde Göğüs Eti Kas Miyopatileri ve Kreatin Kinaz Enzim Düzeyi Üzerine Genotip ve Yaşın Etkisi. J Res Vet Med. 2025;44(1):16-24.

Download Cover Image

Article Files

Full Text