Pilates Egzersizlerinin Sporcularda Eksantrik Diz Fleksör Kas Kuvveti (Nording Hamstring) ve Bilateral İnbalansına Etkisi

Year 2024, Volume: 6 Issue: 3, 363 - 369, 30.09.2024

Sibel Yıldırım

https://doi.org/10.56639/jsar.1542541

Abstract

Bu çalışmanın amacı diz ekstansörleri ve fleksörlerinin bilateral kuvvet asimetrisini araştırmak, iki bacak arasındaki imbalans farkını belirlemek ve hazırlık sürecinde 6 hafta boyunca yapılan Pilates egzersizlerinin hamstring kas kuvveti ve denge inbalansı üzerindeki etkisini incelemektir. Bu çalışmada toplam 23 profesyonel futbolcu iki gruba ayrıldı. Grup 1'e (futbol+Pilates) rutin futbol antrenmanlarına devam etmeleri istenirken (n=12), grup 2'ye (futbol) futbol antrenmanlarına ek olarak haftada 3 gün, 25-30 dakika Pilates egzersizleri yapmaları istenmiştir (n=11). Sporcuların antropometrik ölçümleri (boy, kilo ve BKI) yapıldıktan ve eksantrik diz fleksör kas kuvveti NordBord (ValdPerformance, Avustralya) hamstring cihazı ile belirlendikten sonra, sezon öncesi hazırlık döneminden önce 6 hafta boyunca mat Pilates egzersizleri uygulanmış ve aynı testler hazırlık dönemi sonrasında tekrar yapılmıştır. Veriler SPSS 24 paket programı kullanılarak p<0.05 anlamlılık düzeyinde analiz edilmiştir. Grupların karşılaştırılmasında bağımsız örneklem t testi kullanılmıştır. Sonuçlara göre, Pilates ve futbol grupları arasında sol max. Kuvvet değerlerinde anlamlı bir fark olmasına rağmen (t= -2,096; p=0,048), son test skorlarında Pilates ve futbol grupları arasında Sol Max. Kuvvet (t=-2,947; p=0,008) ve Sağ Max. Kuvvet (t=-2,509; p=0,020) değerlerinde anlamlı bir fark bulunmuştur (t=-2,096; p=0,048). Ayrıca, Pilates grubunun son test imbalans skoru, futbol grubuna göre ortalama 3,91'lik bir farkla daha iyi performans gösterdiği bulunmuştur. Sonuç olarak, Pilates eğitiminin futbolcuların sol Max. Kuvvet değerlerinde ve son test Sol Max. Kuvvet ile Sağ Max. Kuvvet değerlerinde anlamlı bir fark yarattığı tespit edilmiştir.

Keywords

Pilates,, Futbol, Nording Hamstring, Spor

The Effect of Pilates Exercises on Eccentric Knee Flexor Muscle Strength (Nording Hamstring) and Bilateral Balance in Athletes

Abstract

The aim of this study was to investigate the bilateral strength asymmetry of the knee extensors and flexors, to determine the imbalance difference between the two legs, and to investigate the effect of 6 weeks of Pilates exercises on the strength of the hamstring muscles and the balance imbalance during the preparation process. In this study, a total of 23 professional soccer players were divided into two groups. Group 1 (soccer+Pilates) was asked to continue their routine soccer training (n=12), while group 2 (soccer) was asked to perform Pilates exercises for 25-30 minutes 3 days per week in addition to soccer training (n=11). After the athletes were anthropometrically measured (height, weight and BMI) and eccentric knee flexor muscle strength was determined using the NordBord (ValdPerformance, Australia) hamstring device, Pilates exercises were performed on the mat for 6 weeks prior to pre-season training and the same tests were performed again after the pre-season training period. Data were analyzed using the SPSS 24 package program at a significance level of p<0.05. The t-test for independent samples was used to compare the groups. According to the results, although there was a significant difference between the Pilates and soccer groups in the left max. Force (t= -2.096; p=0.048), there was a significant difference between the Pilates and soccer groups in Left Max. Strength (t=-2.947; p=0.008) and Right Max. Force (t=-2.509; p=0.020) on the posttest scores (t=-2.096; p=0.048). In addition, it was found that the Pilates group performed better than the soccer group with a mean difference of 3.91 on the posttest score for imbalance. As a result, Pilates training was found to make a significant difference in left Max. Force values and the post-test Left Max. Force and Right Max. Force values of the soccer players.

Keywords

Pilates;, football, Nordic hamstring, sport

References

• Akbaş, D., Tunçer, Y., Avcı, P., Bayraktar, I., & Bayrakdar, A. (2024). Tenişçilerde Pliometrik Antrenmanın Dikey Sıçrama Performansı Üzerine Etkisi. Sports Science, 14(1), 1-6. https://doi.org/10.5152/rss.2024.24002
• Augustsson, J., & Andersson, H. (2023). Differences in peak knee Flexor Force between eccentric-only and combined eccentric-concentric nordic Hamstring Exercise. Sports, 11(2), 41. https://doi.org/10.3390/sports11020041
• Aydın, M., Can, İ., & Bayrakdaroğlu, S. (2023). Futbolcularda Kas Kuvveti ve Anaerobik Gücün Şut Hızına Etkisi. Gümüşhane Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri Dergisi, 12(4), 1979-1986. https://doi.org/10.37989/gumussagbil.1370222
• Balaji, E., Murugavel, K., Rajkumar, M., Logeswaran, S., & Vijayasankar, V. (2024). Determining the impact of 12 weeks intervention of hatha yoga practices on range of motion of trunk lateral flexion and thoracolumbar spine trunk rotation in college men. Physical rehabilitation and recreational health technologies, 9(1), 12-19. https://doi.org/10.15391/prrht.2024-9(1).02
• Başkan, A. H., & Kefal, K. B. (2023). Nordic Hamstring Cihazıyla (NordBord) Değerlendirilen Eksantrik Diz Fleksör Kas Kuvvetinin Dinamik Denge ile İlişkisinin İncelenmesi. Akdeniz Spor Bilimleri Dergisi, 6(1-Cumhuriyet'in 100. Yılı Özel Sayısı), 808-820.yapılıyor. ROL Spor Bilimleri Dergisi, 4 (2), 411-425. https://doi.org/10.38021/asbid.1373112
• Bayrakdar, A., Boz, H. K., & Işıldar, Ö. (2020). The investigation of the effect of static and dynamic core training on performance on football players. Turkish Journal of Sport and Exercise, 22(1), 87-95.
• Bishop, D. J., & Girard, O. (2013). Determinants of team-sport performance: implications for altitude training by team-sport athletes. British journal of sports medicine, 47(Suppl 1), i17-i21. https://doi.org/10.1136/bjsports-2013-092950
• Buchheit, M., Cholley, Y., Nagel, M., & Poulos, N. (2016). The effect of body mass on eccentric knee-flexor strength assessed with an instrumented Nordic hamstring device (Nordbord) in football players. International Journal of Sports physiology and performance, 11(6), 721-726. https://doi.org/10.1123/ijspp.2015-0513
• Demir, İ. C., & Çilli, M. (2018). 12 haftalık pilates mat egzersizinin 14-15 yaş voleybol kız öğrencilerinin bazı biyomotor özellikler ve teknik performans üzerine etkilerinin incelenmesi. Online Türk Sağlık Bilimleri Dergisi, 3(1), 1-13. https://doi.org/10.26453/otjhs.364026
• Diker, G., Zileli, R., Özkamçı, H., & Ön, S. (2021). Seasonal changes in the aerobic performance of young soccer players. Pensar en Movimiento: Revista de ciencias del ejercicio y la salud, 19(1), 228-244. http://dx.doi.org/10.15517/pensarmov.v19i1.44517
• Dilber, A. O., Lağap, B., Akyüz, Ö., Çoban, C., Akyüz, M., Taş, M., ... & Özkan, A. (2016). Erkek futbolcularda 8 haftalık kor antrenmanının performansla ilgili fiziksel uygunluk değişkenleri üzerine etkisi. CBÜ Beden Eğitimi ve Spor Bilimleri Dergisi, 11(2), 77-82. https://dergipark.org.tr/en/pub/cbubesbd/issue/32244/357856
• Edouard, P., Pollock, N., Guex, K., Kelly, S., Prince, C., Navarro, L., ... & Hollander, K. (2022). Hamstring muscle injuries and hamstring specific training in elite athletics (track and field) athletes. International journal of environmental research and public health, 19(17), 10992. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph191710992
• Gurau, T. V., Gurau, G., Musat, C. L., Voinescu, D. C., Anghel, L., Onose, G., ... & Iordan, D. A. (2023). Epidemiology of injuries in professional and amateur football men (part II). Journal of clinical medicine, 12(19), 6293. https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm12196293
• Jandova, S., & Bartizalova, D. (2024). Compensatory exercises for young cyclists in the pubescents. Physical Activity Review, 12(1). https://doi.org/10.16926/par.2024.12.10
• Johnson E, Larsen A, Ozawa H, 2007. The effects of pilates based exercise on dynamic. Journal of Bodywork and Movement Therapies, 11(3), 238–242. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbmt.2006.08.008
• Latropoulos, S. A., & Wheeler, P. C. (2024). Hamstring muscle injuries in athletics. The Physician and sportsmedicine, 52(2), 103-114. https://doi.org/10.1080/00913847.2023.2188871
• Liang, Z., Tian, S., Wang, C., Zhang, M., Guo, H., Yu, Y., & Wang, X. (2024). The Best Exercise Modality and Dose for Reducing Pain in Adults With Low Back Pain: A Systematic Review With Model-Based Bayesian Network Meta-analysis. Journal of orthopaedic & sports physical therapy, 54(5), 315-327. https://www.jospt.org/doi/10.2519/jospt.2024.12153
• Liu, X., Pan, F., Wang, Q., Wang, S., & Zhang, J. (2024). Traditional Chinese Rehabilitation Exercise (TCRE) for Myofascial Pain: Current Evidence and Further Challenges. Journal of Pain Research, 17, 2801-2810. https://doi.org/10.2147/JPR.S482424
• Manzak Dursun, A. S., Ozyilmaz, S., Ucgun, H., & Elmadag, N. M. (2024). The effect of Pilates-based exercise applied with hybrid telerehabilitation method in children with adolescent idiopathic scoliosis: A randomized clinical trial. European Journal of Pediatrics, 183(2), 759-767. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00431-023-05340-2
• Opar, D. A., Piatkowski, T., Williams, M. D., ve Shield, A. J. (2013). A novel device using the Nordic hamstring exercise to assess eccentric knee fl exor strength: a reliability and retrospective injury study. Journal of Orthopaedic & Sports PhysicalTherapy, 43(9), 636–640. https://www.jospt.org/doi/10.2519/jospt.2013.4837
• Özcan Ö. (2022) Elit basketbolcularda pilates egzersizlerinin core stabilizasyonu ve denge parametreleri üzerine etkileri. Selçuk Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri Enstitüsü Yüksek lisans tezi, Antrenörlük eğitimi anabilim dalı. Konya.
• Perkins, S., & Canavan, P. (2023). Isokinetic Assessment of knee flexor and extensor strength and lower extremity flexibility assessment of an NCAA Division III men’s soccer team. International Journal of Sports Physical Therapy, 18(3), 626. https://doi.org/10.26603/001c.74971
• Phelps, A., Alosco, M. L., Baucom, Z., Hartlage, K., Palmisano, J. N., Weuve, J., ... & Stern, R. A. (2022). Association of playing college American football with long-term health outcomes and mortality. JAMA Network Open, 5(4), e228775-e228775. https://doi.org/10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2022.8775
• Phrompaet S, Paungmali A, Pirunsan U, 2010. Effects of pilates training on lumbo-pelvic stability and flexibility. Asian Journal of Sports Medicine, 2(1), 16-22. https://doi.org/10.5812/asjsm.34822
• Ribeiro-Alvares, J. B., Oliveira, G. D. S., De Lima-E-Silva, F. X., & Baroni, B. M. (2021). Eccentric knee flexor strength of professional football players with and without hamstring injury in the prior season. European Journal of Sport Science, 21(1), 131-139. https://doi.org/10.1080/17461391.2020.1743766
• Roe, M., Malone, S., Delahunt, E., Collins, K., Gissane, C., Persson, U. M., ... & Blake, C. (2018). Eccentric knee flexor strength profiles of 341 elite male academy and senior Gaelic football players: Do body mass and previous hamstring injury impact performance? Physical therapy in sport, 31, 68-74. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ptsp.2018.01.006
• Sim, G., Kim, D., & Jeon, H. (2022). Effects of Pilates reformer core and mat core exercises on standing posture alignment. Physical Therapy Korea, 29(4), 282-288. https://doi.org/10.12674/ptk.2022.29.4.282
• Şenel, Ö., & Akyüz, M. (2010). The Occurrence Of Muscle Damage In Male Soccer Players. Ovidius University Annals, Series Physical Education & Sport/Science, Movement & Health, 10(1).
• Tacchino, A., Ponzio, M., Confalonieri, P., Leocani, L., Inglese, M., Centonze, D., ... & Brichetto, G. (2023). An Internet-and Kinect-Based Multiple Sclerosis Fitness Intervention Training With Pilates Exercises: Development and Usability Study. JMIR Serious Games, 11, e41371. https://doi.org/10.2196/41371
• Taş, M., Sevim, O., Akyüz, M., Akyüz, Ö., & Taş, R. (2011). Determination of physical fitness profiles of female basketball players in the universities’ super league and associating the profiles with the body compositions. Journal of Human Sciences, 8(2), 834-844.
• Weineck J. (2011) Futbolda Kondisyon Antrenmanı, Spor Yayınevi ve Kitapevi. Ankara.
• Widodo, A. F., Tien, C. W., Chen, C. W., & Lai, S. C. (2022). Isotonic and isometric exercise interventions improve the hamstring muscles’ strength and flexibility: A narrative review. In Healthcare, 10(5):811. https://doi.org/10.3390/healthcare10050811
• Yıldırım, S., Akyüz, M., Turna, B., & Bayazıt, B. (2022). Elit Futbolcularda İleri, Medial Yan ve Çapraz Tek Bacak Sıçrama Testleri: Farklı Lig Seviyelerinde. Akdeniz Spor Bilimleri Dergisi, 5(Özel Sayı 1), 464-473. https://doi.org/10.38021/asbid.1206910