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Child Suicide News: A Comprehensive Case Study from Turkish Media

Year 2024, , 125 - 132, 31.12.2024

Nazan Çalbayram , Gamze Balta

https://doi.org/10.52693/jsas.1592958

Abstract

This study aims to analyze news on child suicides and suicide attempts in Turkey's high-circulation national newspapers over a ten-year period. This qualitative study systematically content-analyzed news on suicidal behavior in three high-circulation national newspapers in Turkey from January 1, 2013, to December 31, 2022. Data were collected by searching for the keywords "child" and "suicide" and analyzed. The study found that 60.2% of suicidal children were male, and 39.8% were female, with a mean age of 15.09±2.16 years. The majority were high school (56.2%) and middle school (38.1%) students. Suicidal behavior peaked in 2022, with the highest incidences occurring in winter (29.9%) and spring (26.2%). Depression (30%) was the most frequently reported reason for suicidal behavior, followed by family problems (19.8%) and the Blue Whale Challenge (16.5%). Hanging (47.5%) was the most common method of suicide, followed by jumping from heights (23.8%). The increasing trend of suicidal behavior among children, particularly adolescents, highlights the need for targeted prevention strategies. The findings suggest that mental health support, family interventions, and societal awareness are crucial in addressing this issue. The influence of digital challenges and the need for gender-specific approaches also warrant further attention.

Keywords

child suicide news content analysis

References

  • [1] National Institute of Mental Health. Suicide Prevention. Available From: https://www.nimh.nih.gov/health/topics/suicide-prevention#part_9890. Date of Access: 25.07.2023.
  • [2] Durkheim E, İlkgelen Z. (Çev.) İntihar (1.Baskı). Pozitif Yayınları, İstanbul, 2013, s.3.
  • [3] World Health Organization. Suicide Worldwide İn 2019, Global Health Estimates. 2019. Available from: https://www.who.int/publications/i/item/9789240026643.
  • [4] Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Facts About Suicide Preventing Suicide 2023. Available From: https://www.cdc.gov/suicide/facts/index.html.
  • [5] Türkiye İstatistik Kurumu İntihar İstatistikleri. 2022. Available From: https://data.tuik.gov.tr/Bulten/Index?p=Olum-ve-Olum-Nedeni-Istatistikleri-2022-49679.
  • [6] Gaylor E.M, Krause K. H, Welder L. E, Cooper A. C, Ashley C, Mack K. A, Crosby A. E, Trinh E, Ivey-Stephenson A. Z, Whittle L. Suicidal thoughts and behaviors among high school students, youth risk behavior survey, United States, 2021. MMWR Suppl, 2023; 72(Suppl-1): 45–54.
  • [7] Burstein B, Agostino H, Greenfield B. Suicidal attempts and ideation among children and adolescents in US emergency departments, 2007-2015. JAMA Pediatrics, 2019; 173(6): 598-600.
  • [8] Plemmons G, Hall M, Doupnik S, Gay J, Brown C, Browning W, Williams D. Hospitalization for suicide ideation or attempt: 2008–2015. Pediatrics, 2018; 141(6).
  • [9] Ruch D. A, Heck K. M, Sheftall A. H, Fontanella C. A, Stevens J, Zhu M, ... Bridge J. A. Characteristics and precipitating circumstances of suicide among children aged 5 to 11 years in the United States, 2013-2017. JAMA network open, 2021; 4(7): e2115683-e2115683.
  • [10] Erdoğan B, Celbiş O, Öner B.S. Psychological dynamics and risk factors of child and adolescent suicide. Öztürk (Ed.), Aile psikopatolojisi, 1. Baskı, Türkiye Klinikleri, Ankara, 2021, 127-132.
  • [11] Klonsky E. D, May A. M, Saffer B. Y. Suicide, suicide attempts, and suicidal ideation. Annual Review Of Clinical Psychology, 2016; 12: 307-330.
  • [12] Hıdır M, Kılınç F. E. Content analysis of studies on sexual abuse in childhood. Turkish Journal of Health Research, 2020; 1(1): 23-40.
  • [13] Yılmaz M, Candan F. Oyun sanal intihar gerçek: “the blue whale challange/mavi balina” oyunu üzerinden kurulan iletişimin neden olduğu intiharlar üzerine kuramsal bir değerlendirme. Akdeniz Üniversitesi İletişim Fakültesi Dergisi, 2018; (29. Özel Sayısı), 270-283.
  • [14] Soylu N, Alpaslan A. H, Aslan M, Kaya İ. Suıcıde probabılıty and related factors ın sexually abused adolescents. International Social Research Congress, 2017; 1611.
  • [15] Van Geel M, Vedder P, Tanilon J. Relationship between peer victimization, cyberbullying, and suicide in children and adolescents: a meta-analysis. JAMA Pediatrics, 2014; 168(5): 435-442.
  • [16] Ünlü G, Aksoy Z, Ersan E. E. Evaluation of child and adolescents with attempted suicide. Pamukkale Medical Journal, 2014; 7(3): 176.
  • [17] Ruch DA, Heck KM, Sheftall AH, Fontanella CA, Stevens J, Zhu M, . . . Bridg JA. Characteristics and precipitating circumstances of suicide among children aged 5 to 11 years in the United States, 2013-2017. JAMA network open, 2021; 4(7), e2115683-e2115683.
  • [18] Laido Z, Voracek M, Till B, Pietschnig J, Eisenwort B, Dervic K, Niederkrotenthaler T. Epidemiology of suicide among children and adolescents in Austria, 2001–2014. Wiener Klinische Wochenschrift, 2017; 129: 121-128.
  • [19] Skinner R, Mcfaull S. Suicide among children and adolescents in Canada: trends and sex differences, 1980–2008. CMAJ, 2012; 184(9): 1029-1034.
  • [20] World Health Organization. Suicide. 2021. Available from: https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/suicide.
  • [21] Elmas B, Uluğ N. Evaluation of patients under 18 years of age who were admitted to the emergency department with suicidal attempt. Journal of Biotechnology And Strategic Health Research, 2019; 3(1): 38-43. [22] Akın E, Berkem M. Anger and Impulsivity in Adolescents Attempting Suicide. Marmara Medical Journal, 2012; 25(3): 148-152.
  • [23] Hawton K, Bergen H, Kapur N, Cooper J, Steeg S, Ness J, Waters K. Repetition of self-harm and suicide following self-harm in children and adolescents: findings from the multicentre study of self-harm in England. Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 2012; 53(12): 1212-1219.
  • [24] Doğan M, Öztürk S, Esen F, Demirci E, Öztürk M. A. Evaluation of child and adolescents who attempted suicide. Bozok Tıp Dergisi, 2018; 8(3): 30-34.
  • [25] Uran P. Multidimentional assessment of the psychopathologies sociodemographic and suicide behavior characteristics of the children and adolescents referred for attempting suicide Akdeniz Medical Journal, 2019; 5(1): 94-103.
  • [26] Fonseca-Pedrero E, Al-Halabí S, Pérez-Albéniz A, Debbané M. Risk and protective factors in adolescent suicidal behaviour: a network analysis. International Journal of Environmental Research And Public Health, 2022; 19(3): 1784.
  • [27] Stewart J. G, Esposito E. C, Glenn C. R, Gilman S. E, Pridgen B, Gold J, Auerbach R. P. Adolescent self-injurers: comparing non-ideators, suicide ideators, and suicide attempters. Journal of Psychiatric Research, 2017; 84: 105-112. [28] Talay M. N, Kanğın M. A single center experience in poisoning cases followed in the pediatric ıntensive care unit. Harran Üniversitesi Tıp Fakültesi Dergisi, 2023; 20(1): 45-51.
  • [29] Li P, Wang Y, Kovess-Masfety V, Su X, Hou X, Li M, ... Xu G. Suicidal ideation and its relationship with mental health reported by different informants among children aged 6–12. Journal of Affective Disorders, 2023; 334: 271-277.
  • [30] Kırcı G. S, Öztürk D. U, Bölükbaşı H. S, Çakır H, Özer E. Çocuk acil servisine 2016-2021 yılları arasında başvuran intoksikasyon olgularının değerlendirilmesi. Bulletin of Legal Medicine/Adli Tıp Bülteni, 2023; 28(1).
  • [31] Dinleyici M, Kıral E, Yazar A. S, Şahin S. Evaluation of risk factors for suicide attempts among adolescent with drug ıntoxication. Osmangazi Tıp Dergisi, 2018; 41(2): 166-172.
  • [32] Görücü R. A, Eraslan A. N, Göker Z. The effect of the seasons on ımpulsive suicide attempt: a descriptive study. Turkish Journal of Pediatric Disease, 2020; 15(6): 482-487. [33] Akman A. Ö. Evaluation of Suicide Attempts by Drug Overdose in the Adolescent Age Group. Turkish Journal of Pediatric Disease, 2019; 13(1): 7-12.
  • [34] Özsoylu S, Kondolot M, Akyıldız B, Özmen S, Demirci E. İntihar girişimi nedeniyle yoğun bakıma yatırılan çocuk ve ergenlerin değerlendirilmesi. Medical Journal of Bakirkoy, 2019; 15(2).
  • [35] Czyz E. K, King C. A. Longitudinal trajectories of suicidal ideation and subsequent suicide attempts among adolescent inpatients. Journal of Clinical Child & Adolescent Psychology, 2015; 44(1): 181-193.
  • [36] Kavurma C, Bilaç Ö, Önder A, Doğan Y, Uzunoğlu G, Adanır A, Kandemir H. Evaluation of family functioning, attachment to parents and friends, decision-making styles and problem solving skills in adolescents with non suisidal self-injury behavior. Turkish Journal of Clinics and Laboratory, 2023; 14(2): 312-320.
  • [37] Silva Filho O. C. D, Avanci J. Q, Pires T. D. O, de Vasconcellos Carvalhaes Oliveira R, Assis S. G. Attachment, suicidal behavior and self-harm in childhood and adolescence: a study of a cohort of Brazilian schoolchildren. BMC pediatrics, 2023; 23(1): 403.
  • [38] Çetin K, Altıner H. Socıodemographıcal evaluatıon of chıldren wıth sexual abuse. Necmettin Erbakan University Ereğli Faculty of Education Journal, 2019; 1(2): 135-147.
  • [39] İmren S. G, Ayaz A, Yusufoğlu C, Arman A. R. Clinical features and risk factors related with suicide attempts in sexually abused children and adolescents. Marmara Medical Journal, 2013; 26(1): 11-16.
  • [40] Kılıç, Yasemin. Cinsel istismar mağduru olan ve olmayan 11 ve 18 yaş arasındaki bir grup kız çocuğunun sosyo-demografik özellikler ve psikolojik belirtiler bakımından karşılaştırılması. 2016. Master's Thesis. Fatih Sultan Mehmet Vakıf Üniversitesi, Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü.
  • [41] Talu E. Bir oyundan ötesi:‘’mavi balina’’the blue whale adlı oyunun shneidman’ın ‘’intihar küpü’’ modeli bağlamında analizi. Ahi Evran Üniversitesi Kırşehir Eğitim Fakültesi Dergisi, 2019; 20(3): 1044-1078.
  • [42] Çetin S. Onlıne games and suıcıde: Blue whale example. Milli kültür araştırmaları dergisi, 2022; 6(1): 61-73.
  • [43] Gizli Çoban Ö, Gül M, Önder A. Evaluation of children and adolescents admitted to emergency service with suicide attempt. Journal of Pediatric Emergency and Intensive Care Medicine (Turkey), 2022; 9(3).

Çocuk İntiharı Haberleri: Türk Basınından Kapsamlı Bir Vaka Çalışması

Year 2024, , 125 - 132, 31.12.2024

Nazan Çalbayram , Gamze Balta

https://doi.org/10.52693/jsas.1592958

Abstract

Çocukluk çağında meydana gelen intihar davranışları ile ilgili yazılı basında çocuk intihar ve intihar girişimi haberlerinin incelenmesi amaçlanmıştır. Nitel araştırma türündeki çalışmada 01.01.2013- 31.12.2022 tarihleri arasında Türkiye’de basılan tirajı yüksek üç ulusal gazetede yer alan intihar ve girişimi haberlerinin sistematik olarak içerik analizi yapılmıştır. Erişim internet üzerinden sağlanarak arama motorlarında “çocuk’’, “intihar’’ anahtar kelimeleri taranmıştır. Belirlenen değişkenlere uygun 244 haberi analiz edilmiştir. Çocukların %60.2’sinin erkek, %39.8’inin kız ve yaş ortalamalarının 15.09±2.16 (max.:18-min.:8) olduğu bulunmuştur. İntihar davranışlarının en sık 2022 (%14.8) ve 2021
(%13.5) yıllarında; kış (%29.9) ve ilkbahar (%26.2) mevsiminde gerçekleştiği belirlenmiştir. Çocukların %47.5’i ası ve %23.8’i atlama ile intihar davranışını gerçekleştirirken yalnızca %7’sinin sağ kalım ile sonuçlandığı saptanmıştır. Haber içeriklerinde intihar davranışlarının sebebine yer verilen çocuklar arasında %33’ünün bunalım, %20 sinin diğer nedenler (akran ilişkileri, zorla evlendirilme gibi) yüzünden intihar ve girişiminde bulundukları belirlenmiştir. Çocuklar arasında intihar davranışlarının yıllar içinde artış gösterdiği belirlenen çalışmamızda özellikle adölesanların intihar ve girişimlerine daha fazla başvurdukları saptanmıştır. Buna yönelik risk faktörlerinin belirlenerek erken dönemde müdahale edilmesinin ve çocuğun yakın çevresinde bulunan kişilerin bilinçli hale getirilmesinin önemli
olduğu düşünülmektedir.

Keywords

çocuk intihar haber içerik analizi

References

  • [1] National Institute of Mental Health. Suicide Prevention. Available From: https://www.nimh.nih.gov/health/topics/suicide-prevention#part_9890. Date of Access: 25.07.2023.
  • [2] Durkheim E, İlkgelen Z. (Çev.) İntihar (1.Baskı). Pozitif Yayınları, İstanbul, 2013, s.3.
  • [3] World Health Organization. Suicide Worldwide İn 2019, Global Health Estimates. 2019. Available from: https://www.who.int/publications/i/item/9789240026643.
  • [4] Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Facts About Suicide Preventing Suicide 2023. Available From: https://www.cdc.gov/suicide/facts/index.html.
  • [5] Türkiye İstatistik Kurumu İntihar İstatistikleri. 2022. Available From: https://data.tuik.gov.tr/Bulten/Index?p=Olum-ve-Olum-Nedeni-Istatistikleri-2022-49679.
  • [6] Gaylor E.M, Krause K. H, Welder L. E, Cooper A. C, Ashley C, Mack K. A, Crosby A. E, Trinh E, Ivey-Stephenson A. Z, Whittle L. Suicidal thoughts and behaviors among high school students, youth risk behavior survey, United States, 2021. MMWR Suppl, 2023; 72(Suppl-1): 45–54.
  • [7] Burstein B, Agostino H, Greenfield B. Suicidal attempts and ideation among children and adolescents in US emergency departments, 2007-2015. JAMA Pediatrics, 2019; 173(6): 598-600.
  • [8] Plemmons G, Hall M, Doupnik S, Gay J, Brown C, Browning W, Williams D. Hospitalization for suicide ideation or attempt: 2008–2015. Pediatrics, 2018; 141(6).
  • [9] Ruch D. A, Heck K. M, Sheftall A. H, Fontanella C. A, Stevens J, Zhu M, ... Bridge J. A. Characteristics and precipitating circumstances of suicide among children aged 5 to 11 years in the United States, 2013-2017. JAMA network open, 2021; 4(7): e2115683-e2115683.
  • [10] Erdoğan B, Celbiş O, Öner B.S. Psychological dynamics and risk factors of child and adolescent suicide. Öztürk (Ed.), Aile psikopatolojisi, 1. Baskı, Türkiye Klinikleri, Ankara, 2021, 127-132.
  • [11] Klonsky E. D, May A. M, Saffer B. Y. Suicide, suicide attempts, and suicidal ideation. Annual Review Of Clinical Psychology, 2016; 12: 307-330.
  • [12] Hıdır M, Kılınç F. E. Content analysis of studies on sexual abuse in childhood. Turkish Journal of Health Research, 2020; 1(1): 23-40.
  • [13] Yılmaz M, Candan F. Oyun sanal intihar gerçek: “the blue whale challange/mavi balina” oyunu üzerinden kurulan iletişimin neden olduğu intiharlar üzerine kuramsal bir değerlendirme. Akdeniz Üniversitesi İletişim Fakültesi Dergisi, 2018; (29. Özel Sayısı), 270-283.
  • [14] Soylu N, Alpaslan A. H, Aslan M, Kaya İ. Suıcıde probabılıty and related factors ın sexually abused adolescents. International Social Research Congress, 2017; 1611.
  • [15] Van Geel M, Vedder P, Tanilon J. Relationship between peer victimization, cyberbullying, and suicide in children and adolescents: a meta-analysis. JAMA Pediatrics, 2014; 168(5): 435-442.
  • [16] Ünlü G, Aksoy Z, Ersan E. E. Evaluation of child and adolescents with attempted suicide. Pamukkale Medical Journal, 2014; 7(3): 176.
  • [17] Ruch DA, Heck KM, Sheftall AH, Fontanella CA, Stevens J, Zhu M, . . . Bridg JA. Characteristics and precipitating circumstances of suicide among children aged 5 to 11 years in the United States, 2013-2017. JAMA network open, 2021; 4(7), e2115683-e2115683.
  • [18] Laido Z, Voracek M, Till B, Pietschnig J, Eisenwort B, Dervic K, Niederkrotenthaler T. Epidemiology of suicide among children and adolescents in Austria, 2001–2014. Wiener Klinische Wochenschrift, 2017; 129: 121-128.
  • [19] Skinner R, Mcfaull S. Suicide among children and adolescents in Canada: trends and sex differences, 1980–2008. CMAJ, 2012; 184(9): 1029-1034.
  • [20] World Health Organization. Suicide. 2021. Available from: https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/suicide.
  • [21] Elmas B, Uluğ N. Evaluation of patients under 18 years of age who were admitted to the emergency department with suicidal attempt. Journal of Biotechnology And Strategic Health Research, 2019; 3(1): 38-43. [22] Akın E, Berkem M. Anger and Impulsivity in Adolescents Attempting Suicide. Marmara Medical Journal, 2012; 25(3): 148-152.
  • [23] Hawton K, Bergen H, Kapur N, Cooper J, Steeg S, Ness J, Waters K. Repetition of self-harm and suicide following self-harm in children and adolescents: findings from the multicentre study of self-harm in England. Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 2012; 53(12): 1212-1219.
  • [24] Doğan M, Öztürk S, Esen F, Demirci E, Öztürk M. A. Evaluation of child and adolescents who attempted suicide. Bozok Tıp Dergisi, 2018; 8(3): 30-34.
  • [25] Uran P. Multidimentional assessment of the psychopathologies sociodemographic and suicide behavior characteristics of the children and adolescents referred for attempting suicide Akdeniz Medical Journal, 2019; 5(1): 94-103.
  • [26] Fonseca-Pedrero E, Al-Halabí S, Pérez-Albéniz A, Debbané M. Risk and protective factors in adolescent suicidal behaviour: a network analysis. International Journal of Environmental Research And Public Health, 2022; 19(3): 1784.
  • [27] Stewart J. G, Esposito E. C, Glenn C. R, Gilman S. E, Pridgen B, Gold J, Auerbach R. P. Adolescent self-injurers: comparing non-ideators, suicide ideators, and suicide attempters. Journal of Psychiatric Research, 2017; 84: 105-112. [28] Talay M. N, Kanğın M. A single center experience in poisoning cases followed in the pediatric ıntensive care unit. Harran Üniversitesi Tıp Fakültesi Dergisi, 2023; 20(1): 45-51.
  • [29] Li P, Wang Y, Kovess-Masfety V, Su X, Hou X, Li M, ... Xu G. Suicidal ideation and its relationship with mental health reported by different informants among children aged 6–12. Journal of Affective Disorders, 2023; 334: 271-277.
  • [30] Kırcı G. S, Öztürk D. U, Bölükbaşı H. S, Çakır H, Özer E. Çocuk acil servisine 2016-2021 yılları arasında başvuran intoksikasyon olgularının değerlendirilmesi. Bulletin of Legal Medicine/Adli Tıp Bülteni, 2023; 28(1).
  • [31] Dinleyici M, Kıral E, Yazar A. S, Şahin S. Evaluation of risk factors for suicide attempts among adolescent with drug ıntoxication. Osmangazi Tıp Dergisi, 2018; 41(2): 166-172.
  • [32] Görücü R. A, Eraslan A. N, Göker Z. The effect of the seasons on ımpulsive suicide attempt: a descriptive study. Turkish Journal of Pediatric Disease, 2020; 15(6): 482-487. [33] Akman A. Ö. Evaluation of Suicide Attempts by Drug Overdose in the Adolescent Age Group. Turkish Journal of Pediatric Disease, 2019; 13(1): 7-12.
  • [34] Özsoylu S, Kondolot M, Akyıldız B, Özmen S, Demirci E. İntihar girişimi nedeniyle yoğun bakıma yatırılan çocuk ve ergenlerin değerlendirilmesi. Medical Journal of Bakirkoy, 2019; 15(2).
  • [35] Czyz E. K, King C. A. Longitudinal trajectories of suicidal ideation and subsequent suicide attempts among adolescent inpatients. Journal of Clinical Child & Adolescent Psychology, 2015; 44(1): 181-193.
  • [36] Kavurma C, Bilaç Ö, Önder A, Doğan Y, Uzunoğlu G, Adanır A, Kandemir H. Evaluation of family functioning, attachment to parents and friends, decision-making styles and problem solving skills in adolescents with non suisidal self-injury behavior. Turkish Journal of Clinics and Laboratory, 2023; 14(2): 312-320.
  • [37] Silva Filho O. C. D, Avanci J. Q, Pires T. D. O, de Vasconcellos Carvalhaes Oliveira R, Assis S. G. Attachment, suicidal behavior and self-harm in childhood and adolescence: a study of a cohort of Brazilian schoolchildren. BMC pediatrics, 2023; 23(1): 403.
  • [38] Çetin K, Altıner H. Socıodemographıcal evaluatıon of chıldren wıth sexual abuse. Necmettin Erbakan University Ereğli Faculty of Education Journal, 2019; 1(2): 135-147.
  • [39] İmren S. G, Ayaz A, Yusufoğlu C, Arman A. R. Clinical features and risk factors related with suicide attempts in sexually abused children and adolescents. Marmara Medical Journal, 2013; 26(1): 11-16.
  • [40] Kılıç, Yasemin. Cinsel istismar mağduru olan ve olmayan 11 ve 18 yaş arasındaki bir grup kız çocuğunun sosyo-demografik özellikler ve psikolojik belirtiler bakımından karşılaştırılması. 2016. Master's Thesis. Fatih Sultan Mehmet Vakıf Üniversitesi, Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü.
  • [41] Talu E. Bir oyundan ötesi:‘’mavi balina’’the blue whale adlı oyunun shneidman’ın ‘’intihar küpü’’ modeli bağlamında analizi. Ahi Evran Üniversitesi Kırşehir Eğitim Fakültesi Dergisi, 2019; 20(3): 1044-1078.
  • [42] Çetin S. Onlıne games and suıcıde: Blue whale example. Milli kültür araştırmaları dergisi, 2022; 6(1): 61-73.
  • [43] Gizli Çoban Ö, Gül M, Önder A. Evaluation of children and adolescents admitted to emergency service with suicide attempt. Journal of Pediatric Emergency and Intensive Care Medicine (Turkey), 2022; 9(3).
There are 40 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language English
Subjects Demography (Other)
Journal Section Research Articles
Authors

Nazan Çalbayram 0000-0003-2048-608X

Gamze Balta 0000-0002-6212-7491

Early Pub Date December 27, 2024
Publication Date December 31, 2024
Submission Date November 29, 2024
Acceptance Date December 24, 2024
Published in Issue Year 2024

Cite

IEEE N. Çalbayram and G. Balta, “Child Suicide News: A Comprehensive Case Study from Turkish Media”, JSAS, no. 10, pp. 125–132, December 2024, doi: 10.52693/jsas.1592958.