Medical Nutrition Approaches In Diabetes Mellitus

Year 2022, , 19 - 28, 29.04.2022

Bahtınur Taşcı , Nuray İpekci , Canan Asal Ulus

https://doi.org/10.47115/jshs.1038544

Cited By: 1

Abstract

Diabetes Mellitus (DM) is a disease characterized by high blood sugar, which can occur when the pancreas cannot produce enough insulin or the secreted insulin hormone cannot be effective in the body. DM is a disease whose prevalence is increasing day by day, with high morbidity and mortality. Medical nutrition therapy for treatment; pharmacological agents, insulin therapy can be applied. Medical nutrition treatments differ according to countries and lifestyles. Although Mediterranean type nutrition and carbohydrate counting method are applied in general, it has been observed that different diet models have positive effects on DM. In this review, medical nutrition therapies, which are assumed to have positive effects on DM, were examined.

Keywords

Diabetes mellitus, Medical nutrition, Mediterranean diet, Ketogenic diet, Low carb diet

DİYABETES MELLİTUSTA TIBBİ BESLENME YAKLAŞIMLARI

Abstract

Diyabetes Mellitus (DM), pankreasın yeterli miktarda insülin üretememesi ya da salgılanan insülin hormonunun vücutta etkili olamaması ile ortaya çıkabilen kan şekeri yüksekliği ile karakterize olan bir hastalıktır. DM, prevalansı her geçen gün artmakta olan, morbitide ve mortalitesi yüksek bir hastalıktır. Tedavi için tıbbi beslenme tedavisi; farmakolojik ajanlar, insülin tedavisi uygulanabilmektedir. Tıbbi beslenme tedavileri ülkelere ve yaşam tarzına göre farklılıklar göstermektedir. Genel olarak Akdeniz tipi beslenme ve karbonhidrat sayımı yöntemi uygulansa da farklı diyet modellerinin de DM üzerine olumlu etkileri olduğu görülmüştür. Bu derlemede DM üzerine olumlu etkileri olduğu varsayılan tıbbi beslenme tedavileri incelenmiştir.

Keywords

Diyabetes mellitus, Tıbbi beslenme, Akdeniz diyeti, ketojenik diyet, düşük karbonhidratlı diyet

References

• ADA (2019). ADA Standards of Medical Care in Diabetes, 2019. https://care.diabetesjournals.org. 42.Supplement_1.DC1.
• Alkhatib, A., Tsang, C., Tiss, A., Bahorun, T., Arefanian, H., Barake, R., et al. (2017). Functional Foods and Lifestyle Approaches for Diabetes Prevention and Management. Nutrients, 9 (12), 1310. doi:10.3390/nu9121310
• Alonso-Domínguez, R., García-Ortiz, L., Patino-Alonso, M.C., Sánchez-Aguadero, N., Gómez-Marcos, M.A., Recio-Rodríguez, J.I. (2019). Effectiveness of A Multifactorial Intervention in Increasing Adherence to the Mediterranean Diet among Patients with Diabetes Mellitus Type 2: A Controlled and Randomized Study (EMID Study). Nutrients, 11(1):162. doi:10.3390/nu11010162
• Blagosklonny, M.V. (2019). The mystery of the ketogenic diet: benevolent pseudo-diabetes. Cell Cycle, 18(18), 2157-63. doi: 10.1080/15384101.2019.1644765 Blanco, JC., Khatri, A., Kiyafat, A., Cho, R., Aronow,WS. (2019). Starvation Ketoacidosis due to the Ketogenic Diet and Prolonged Fasting – A Possibly Dangerous Diet Trend. Am J Case Rep. Nov 22; 20:1728-31.
• Brown, T.J., Brainard, J., Song, F., Wang, X., Abdelhamid, A., Hooper, L., et al. (2019). Omega-3, omega-6, and total dietary polyunsaturated fat for prevention and treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus: systematic review and meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials. BMJ, 366, l4697. doi: 10.1136/bmj.l4697
• Bolla, A.M., Caretto, A., Laurenzi, A., Scavini, M., Piemonti, L. (2019). Low-Carb and Ketogenic Diets in Type 1 and Type 2 Diabetes. Nutrients, 11(5), 962. doi: 10.3390/nu11050962
• Calvano, A., Izuora, K., Oh, E.C., Ebersole, J.L, Lyons, T.J., Basu, A. (2019).Dietary berries, insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes: an overview of human feeding trials. Food Funct, 10(10), 6227-43. doi: 10.1039/c9fo01426h
• Chen, Z., Zuurmond, M.G., Van der Schaft, N., Nano, J., Wijnhoven, H.A.H., Ikram, M.A., et al. (2018). Plant versus animal based diets and insulin resistance, prediabetes and type 2 diabetes: the Rotterdam Study. Eur J Epidemiol, 33(9), 883-93. doi: 10.1007/s10654-018-0414-8
• Choi, Y.J., Jeon, S.M., Shin, S. (2020). Impact of a Ketogenic Diet on Metabolic Parameters in Patients with Obesity or Overweight and with or without Type 2 Diabetes: A Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials. Nutrients, 12(7), 2005. doi: 10.3390/nu12072005
• Francois, M.E., Myette-Cote, E., Bammert, T.D., Durrer, C., Neudorf, H., DeSouza, C.A., et al. (2018). Carbonhydrate restriction with postmeal walking effectively mitigates postprandial hyperglycemia and improves endothelial function in type 2 diabetes. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol., 314(1), H105-H113 doi: 10.1152/ajpheart.00524.2017
• Forouhi, N.G., Misra, A., Mohan, V., Taylor, R., Yancy, W. (2018). Dietary and nutritional approaches for prevention and management of type 2 diabetes. BMJ, 361,2234. doi: 10.1136/bmj.k2234.
• Gandhi, J., Dagur, G., Warren, K., Smith, N.L, Khan, S.A. (2017). Genitourinary Complications of Diabetes Mellitus: An Overview of Pathogenesis, Evaluation, and Management. Curr Diabetes Rev., 13(5), 498-518. doi: 10.2174/1573399812666161019162747