The Effect of Urinary Incontinence on the Quality of Life and the Spiritual Dimension of Life of Women

Year 2020, Volume: 5 Issue: 1, 50 - 58, 26.06.2020

Şebnem Rüzgar Nebahat Özerdoğan Ömer Yalçın

Abstract

Aim: The cross-sectional hospital-based research was conducted to examine the effect of types of urinary incontinence (UI) on the quality of life and the spiritual dimension of life of women
Method: The study was conducted with 65 women who appliying a university hospital because of urinary incontinence symptoms, matching the inclusion criteria and participating voluntarily in the study. In data collecting; personal information form, Incontinence Quality of Life (I-QOL) and 1-hour Pad test were used. The data were obtained through face to face interviews in the room reserved for patients. High I-QOL scores scale indicate that the quality of life is better than the low scores. Data was analyzed by percentage, chi-square, One Way Anova and Mann Whitney U test.
Results: The mean age of women was 50.15±11.16 (min:23, mak:79). Among women 49.2% had mixed, 32.3% had stress, 18.5% had urge UI. 78.5% of women reported experiencing urinary leakage once and 44.6% use more than one pad per day. Types of incontinence of women and I-QOL scores difference was not significant (p>0.05). According to the pad test, women with ≥10grams urinary leakage had significantly lower I-QOL total and subscale scores compared with <10grams group (p<0.001). Women with ≥10grams urinary leakage more frequently cannot maintain ablution and pray, daily and spiritual lifes are negatively affected (p<0.05). Prevalance of women praying (namaz) sitting, restricting fluid intake and going toilet was significantly higher among women ≥10grams urinary leakage (p<0.05).
Conclusion: According to objective pad test results of women, increasing urinary leakage amount are negatively affected the quality of life and spiritual dimension of life. It was found that women with higher amount of leakage had more limiting behaviors and social isolation. Due to the UI problem women can use various coping methods to perform their religious beliefs.

Keywords

Urinary incontinence, Quality of life, Religious beliefs, Spirituality

ÜRİNER İNKONTİNANSIN KADINLARIN YAŞAM KALİTESİ VE YAŞAMLARININ SPİRİTÜEL BOYUTUNA ETKİSİ

Abstract

Amaç: Kesitsel tipteki hastane merkezli araştırma, üriner inkontinans tiplerinin kadınların yaşam kalitesi ve yaşamlarının spirütüel boyutuna etkisini incelemek amacıyla yapılmıştır.
Yöntem: Araştırma, bir üniversite hastanesi polikliniğine üriner inkontinans semptomları ile başvuran, çalışmanın dahil edilme kriterlerine uygun olan ve araştırmaya katılmayı kabul eden 65 kadın ile yapılmıştır. Verilerin toplanmasında; kişisel bilgi formu, İnkontinans Yaşam Kalitesi Ölçeği (I-QOL) ve 1 saatlik Ped testi kullanılmıştır. Veriler hastalar için ayrılan odada yüz yüze yapılan ikili görüşmelerle elde edilmiştir. I-QOL ölçeğinden alınan yüksek puanlar, düşük puanlara göre yaşam kalitesi düzeyinin daha iyi olduğunu göstermektedir. Veriler; sayı-yüzde dağılımı, ki-kare, Tek Yönlü Varyans Analizi ve Mann Whitney U testi ile analiz edilmiştir.
Bulgular: Araştırmaya alınan kadınların yaş ortalaması 50.15±11.16 (min:23, mak:79)’dir. Kadınların %49.2’si miks, %32.3’ü stres, %18.5’i urge inkontinans tipine sahiptir. Kadınların %78.5’i günde birden fazla sıklıkta idrar kaçırdığını, %44.6’sı günde bir adetten fazla ped/bez kullandığını ifade etmiştir. Kadınların inkontinans tiplerine göre I-QOL puanları anlamlı düzeyde farklılık göstermemiştir (p>0.05). Ped test sonucuna göre 10gr’dan fazla miktarda idrar kaçıran kadınların, 10gr’dan daha az kaçıranlarla karşılaştırıldığında I-QOL toplam ve alt boyut puan ortalamalarının anlamlı düzeyde daha düşük olduğu belirlenmiştir (p<0.001). Ped ağırlığı 10gr’dan fazla olan kadınların, daha yüksek oranda abdesti uzun süre tutamadığı, namaz kılamadığı, günlük ve dini yaşamlarının olumsuz etkilendiği belirlenmiştir (p<0.05). İdrar kaçırma problemi ile baş etmek için oturarak namaz kılan, sıvı alımını kısıtlayan ve duadan önce mesanesini boşaltan kadınların sıklığının, 10gr’dan fazla idrar kaçıranlar arasında anlamlı düzeyde daha yüksek olduğu görülmüştür (p<0.05).
Sonuçlar ve Öneriler: Kadınların objektif ped test sonuçlarına göre kaçırılan idrar miktarı arttıkça yaşam kalitesi ve yaşamlarının spiritüel boyutunun olumsuz etkilendiği belirlenmiştir. Kaçırılan idrar miktarının artmasıyla kadınların daha fazla davranışlarını sınırlandırdıkları ve sosyal izolasyon yaşadıkları görülmüştür. İdrar kaçırma problemi nedeniyle kadınlar dini ibadetlerini yerine getirebilmek için çeşitli baş etme yöntemlerine başvurabilmektedirler. 

Keywords

Üriner inkontinans, yaşam kalitesi, dini inanışlar

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