Bir 'Pan-Arap Kahramanın' Sosyal İnşası: Cemal Abdülnasır

Abstract

Bu makale, Cemal Abdülnasır'ın pan-Arap kimliğinin inşasını sosyal inşacı kuramsal bir yaklaşımla incelemektedir. Nasır’ın sembolik siyaseti akıllıca manipüle ederek, sosyal ve politik olarak bağlayıcı normlar oluşturup ve nihayetinde o normlar tarafından kısıtlanarak pan-Arap milliyetçiliğinin bir kahramanı olarak nasıl inşa edildiği konusunu ele almaktadır. Pan-Arap normlarının Nasır tarafından inşası ve yeniden inşasını açıklamada teorik bir model olarak sosyal inşacılıktan yararlanan bu çalışma, rasyönelizm ile açıklanamayan Mısır’ın ve Nasır’ın mutlak çıkarlarına aykırı olmasına rağmen Birleşik Arap Cumhuriyeti'nin kurulmasında, Kuzey Yemen İç Savaşı’nda (1962) ve 1967’de gerçekleşen Altı Gün Savaşı’nda yer almasını bu normların bağlayıcılığıyla açıklar.

Keywords

• Pan-Arabizm
• Ortadoğu Politikaları
• Uluslararası İlişkiler
• Kimlik Politikaları
• Arap Milliyetçiliği
• Cemal Abdülnasır
• Birleşik Arap Cumhuriyeti
• Milliyetçilik
• Kuzey Yemen İç Savaşı
• Altı Gün Savaşı
• Sosyal İnşacılık

The Social Construction of a ‘Pan-Arabist Hero’: Gamal Abdel Nasser

Abstract

This article investigates the social construction of Gamal Abdel Nasser’s pan-Arab identity from a social constructivist theoretical approach. In this sense, it scrutinizes how Nasser came to be constructed as a pan-Arab hero by cleverly manipulating the symbolic politics and establishing socially and politically binding pan-Arab norms and eventually made himself constrained by them. This study also examines social constructivism’s explanatory power as a theoretical model in understanding and explaining Nasser’s political motives and moves by comparing it with that of rationalism. It is argued that Nasser’s power did not come from the economic or military capabilities, as rationalism fails to explain, but his power came from his ability to frame the events within a historical narrative in such a rhetorical way to establish new Arab norms. He was the leading figure in the establishment of United Arab Republic, North Yemen Civil War and The Six-Day War of 1967, despite all were against his and Egypt’s absolute material national interests. This article analyzes the path to nationalist ascent and descent of Nasser’s Arabism by chronologically scrutinizing on the discourses and events in order to examine the power of the given theories in explaining each period.

Keywords

• Middle Eastern Politics
• Arab Nationalism
• Pan-Arabism
• Pan-Arab Nationalism
• Social Constructivism
• Nationalism
• International Relations
• Nasser
• Nasserism
• Rationalism
• United Arab Republic
• The Six-Day War
• North Yemen Civil War
• Others
• Identity

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