Historical Evolution of Supply Chain Management in The VUCA Age: Sustainable, LARG and Digital Supply Chain Managements

Abstract

Teknolojinin giderek etkisinin artması ile beraber iş süreçleri klasik anlamdan farklılaşmaktadır. Bu çalışmada, dünyadaki iş süreçlerinin artık farklı faktörlerin etkisi altında Volatilite, Belirsizlik, Karmaşıklık, Belirsizlik (VUCA) gibi bileşenleri içerdiği gerçeğinden hareketle, tedarik zincirlerindeki yeni yaklaşımlar bir akış süreci olarak VUCA kavramı altında ele alınmaktadır. Politik gelişmeler, dijital dönüşüm, salgın hastalıklar ve doğal afetler gibi dünyayı etkileyen farklı önemli gelişmeler klasik tedarik zincirini işlevsiz hâle getirmektedir. Literatür incelendiğinde yalın, çevik, esnek ve yeşil (LARG) tedarik zincirlerinin tarihsel gelişimi ile VUCA dönemi altında dijital tedarik zincirlerinin birbiriyle ilişkili olarak ele alınmadığı görülmektedir. Günümüz şartlarında tedarik zincirlerinin ele alındığı çalışmalarda, tedarik zincirlerinin sahip olduğu yeni bileşenlerin bilinmemesi klasik zincir anlayışında çalışmalar yapılmasına neden olmakta ve bu durumda gerçek dünyayı yansıtan uygulamaların yapılmasına engel olmaktadır. Bu bakımdan çalışma kapsamında tedarik zinciri yönetiminin tarihsel gelişimi, endüstriyel devrimler ve bunların birbirleriyle olan etkileşimi ortaya konulmuştur. Böylece yeni çalışmaların geçmişten günümüze tedarik zinciri yönetiminin gelişimini anlaması ve doğru konulara odaklanmasına katkıda bulunulacaktır. Tarihsel bütünlük korunarak tedarik zinciri yönetimi ve sanayi devrimleri ile ilgili literatür taraması yapılarak gelişmeler elde edilmiş ve bu gelişmeler birbirleri ile ilişkilendirilerek tarihsel gelişim süreci tablolar hâlinde sunulmuştur. Ayrıca tüm kavramlar literatür desteği ile açıklanmış ve her bir gelişme bu doğrultuda aşama aşama zamansal bir akış olarak ifade edilmiştir. Bu evrimsel gelişimin teorik olarak açıklanmasında literatürde bir eksiklik olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Makalede sunulan bilgiler, tedarik zinciri yönetiminin endüstriyel devrimlerle birlikte bir bütün olarak gelişimini ortaya koymaktadır ve profesyonel bir bakış açısının gelişmesine katkı sağlayacaktır.

Keywords

• Dijital Tedarik Zinciri Yönetimi
• Sürdürülebilirlik
• LARG
• VUCA Çağı

Historical Evolution of Supply Chain Management in The VUCA Age: Sustainable, LARG and Digital Supply Chain Managements

Abstract

The increasing impact of technology is differentiating the business processes from the classical meaning. In this study, based on the fact that business processes in the world now include components such as Volatility, Uncertainty, Complexity, Ambiguity (VUCA) under the influence of different factors, new approaches in supply chains are discussed under the concept of VUCA as a flow process. Different important developments affecting the world such as political developments, digital transformation, epidemics and natural disasters make the classical supply chain dysfunctional. A review of the literature shows that the historical development of lean, agile, flexible and green (LARG) supply chains and digital supply chains under the VUCA era are not addressed in relation to each other. In today's studies on supply chains, the lack of knowledge of the new components of supply chains causes studies to be carried out in the classical chain understanding and this prevents applications that reflect the real world. In this respect, within the scope of the study, the historical development of supply chain management, industrial revolutions and their interaction with each other were revealed. Thus, it will contribute to new studies to understand the development of supply chain management from past to present and to focus on the right issues. The historical integrity has been preserved and developments have been obtained by reviewing the literature on supply chain management and industrial revolutions and these developments have been associated with each other and the historical development process has been presented in tables. In addition, all concepts are explained with the support of the literature and each development is expressed as a temporal flow in stages in this direction. It has been determined that there is a lack of theoretical explanation of this evolutionary development in the literature. The information presented in the article reveals the development of supply chain management as a whole with industrial revolutions and will contribute to the development of a professional perspective.

Keywords

• Digital Supply Chain Management
• Sustainability
• LARG
• VUCA Age

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