Öğretmenlerin Psikolojik Sermayelerinin Geliştirilmesine Yönelik Bir Karma Yöntem Araştırması

Abstract

Bu araştırmanın amacı, Psikolojik Sermaye Geliştirme Programı’nın (PSGP) ortaokul öğretmenlerinin psikolojik sermayeleri üzerindeki etkisini incelemektir. Araştırmada ilk olarak 8 haftalık bir eğitim programı tasarlanmış ve deney grubunda yer alan ortaokul öğretmenlerine uygulanmıştır. Araştırmanın ikinci aşamasında ise uygulanan eğitim programına katılan öğretmenlerin programla ilgili görüşleri alınmıştır. Ayrıca, araştırmanın bütün oturumları bir kamera aracılığıyla kayıt altına alınmıştır. Araştırmada, nicel ve nitel yöntemlerin bir arada kullanıldığı iç içe karma araştırma deseni kullanılmıştır. Araştırmanın çalışma grubunu 20142015 eğitim-öğretim yılında Gaziantep ili Şahinbey ve Şehitkâmil ilçelerinde görev yapmakta olan ortaokul öğretmenleri oluşturmaktadır. Araştırmaya deney (N=22) ve kontrol (N=22) grubunda yer alan 44 öğretmen katılmıştır. PSGP’nin etkililiğinin incelenmesi amacıyla, Luthans, Avolio, Avey ve Norman (2007) tarafından geliştirilen Psikolojik Sermaye Ölçeği kullanılmıştır. Uygulanan programın katılımcı görüşlerine göre değerlendirilmesi amacıyla araştırmacı tarafından geliştirilen 20 maddelik bir değerlendirme formu kullanılmıştır. Son olarak, programa katılan öğretmenlerin programla ilgili tutum ve algılarını gözlemlemek için kaydedilen videolar analiz edilmiştir. Araştırmada elde edilen bulgulara göre, uygulanan PSGP deney grubunda yer alan öğretmenlerin psikolojik sermayeleri üzerinde anlamlı bir farklılığa yol açmıştır. Hiçbir eğitimin verilmediği kontrol grubunda ise psikolojik sermaye son-test puanlarında anlamlı bir farklılığın olmadığı saptanmıştır. Uygulanan programın “Amaç”, “İçerik”, “Yöntem-Teknik-Materyal” ve “Değerlendirme” boyutlarına ilişkin katılımcı algılarının yüksek düzeyde olduğu görülmüştür. Video analizi sonuçlarına göre ise katılımcıların uygulanan PSGP’ye ilişkin olumlu tutum ve algılara sahip olduğu görülmüştür. Araştırma sonuçlarına dayalı önerilerde bulunulmuştur

Keywords

• Pozitif örgütsel davranış, psikolojik sermaye, psikolojik sermaye geliştirme programı, öğretmen görüşleri

A Mixed Methods Study on Developing Teachers’ Psychological Capital

Abstract

The purpose of the present study was to examine the effect of the Psychological Capital Development Training Intervention (PCDTI) on middle school teachers’ psychological capital. In the first phase of the study, an 8-week training intervention was designed, and the training intervention was administered to middle school teachers included in the experimental group. In the second phase of the study, teachers’ views about the PCDTI were gathered. Meanwhile, all of the sessions of the PCDTI were recorded using a camera. Embedded mixed methods research design was used in the study. The sample of the research consisted of middle school teachers working at schools located in Şahinbey and Şehitkâmil districts of Gaziantep province in the academic year of 2014-2015. A total of 44 teachers were assigned to the experimental (N=22) and control groups (N=22). In order to examine the effectiveness of the PCDTI, Psychological Capital Questionnaire, which was developed by Luthans, Avolio, Avey and Norman (2007), was used as a data collection tool. The participants’ views about the PCDTI were gathered using a 20-item evaluation form developed by the researcher. Videos recorded during the sessions were analyzed to observe the participants’ attitudes and reveal their perceptions regarding the intervention. The findings of the research indicated that the PCDTI was effective in developing teachers’ psychological capital. In the control group, however, no statistically significant differences were detected in terms of psychological capital post-test scores. It was revealed that the participants were satisfied with “Purpose”, “Content”, “Methods-Techniques-Materials” and “Evaluation” dimensions of the PCDTI at high levels. Video analysis results demonstrated that the participants had positive attitudes and perceptions regarding the PCDTI. The study concludes by offering some implications based on the findings

Keywords

• Positive organizational behavior, psychological capital, psychological capital development training intervention, teachers’ views

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