Yeşil ve Elektrikli Araç Rotalama Problemleri Üzerine bir Literatür Taraması ve Araştırma Öngörüleri

Abstract

Karayolu taşımacılığında son yıllarda üzerinde önemle durulan konulardan birisi yeşil lojistik kavramıdır. Konvansiyonel araçların çevreye olan zararlarını, bir diğer deyişle karbondioksit salınımlarının azaltılması için literatürde birçok çalışma yapılmıştır. Elektrikli araçların dağıtım faaliyetlerinde kullanılmaya başlanması ise yeni bir problemin, Elektrikli Araç Rotalama Probleminin (E-ARP) ortaya çıkmasına sebep olmuştur. E-ARP’de amaç enküçük maliyetli rotaların tespiti problemidir. Bu problemde, her müşteriye kesinlikle bir kez uğranmalı, bir rota depodan başlamalı ve tekrar depoda son bulmalı ve gerektiği takdirde şarj istasyonlarından aküleri şarj edilmeli. Bu literatür taramasında, öncelikle yeşil lojistik çerçevesinde çalışılan yeşil Araç Rotalama Problemleri incelenecek, daha sonrasında ise E-ARP üzerine yapılan çalışmalar detaylı olarak incelenecektir. Ayrıca çalışmada, gelecek için çeşitli araştırma öngörüleri sunulmuştur.

Keywords

• Araç rotalama problemi,yeşil lojistik,elektrikli araçlar,literatür taraması

A Literature Review on Green and Electric Vehicle Routing Problems and Research Perspectives

Abstract

In recent years, green logistics has been a popular topic in road freight distribution. Many papers considered the reduction of environmental effects, i.e., CO₂ emissions, of conventional vehicles. Electric vehicles are commonly used in distribution problems which naturally introduced a new problem called as Electric Vehicle Routing Problem (E-VRP). The aim of this problem is to minimize the total distribution cost. In the E-VRP, each customer is visited once by one vehicle, each route starts and ends at the depot, vehicles can charge their batteries at charging stations, and some side constraints are satisfied. This survey paper first reviews the studies on green Vehicle Routing Problem, and then on the E-VRP. The paper also proposes a number of promising research directions.

Keywords

• Vehicle routing problem,green logistics,electric vehicles,literature review

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