Paydaşların Önceliği Teorisinin Aile İşletmelerinin Performansına Etkisi

Abstract

Yirminci yüzyılın ikinci yarısından itibaren gelişmeye başlayan aile işletmeleri, tüm şirketlerinin Dünya’da ortalama % 50’sini, Türkiye’de ise ortalama 95’ini oluşturmaktadır. Bu sebeple, aile işletmelerinin iyi bir ekonomik performans sergilemesi ve sürdürülebilirliğinin sağlanması tüm dünya ekonomileri için kritik bir rol oynamaktadır. Ancak, bu işletmelerin kurucusundan itibaren gelecek nesillere devredilme oranları gittikçe düşmektedir. Literatür incelendiğinde, aile işletmelerinin diğer işletmelere göre daha fazla sistem sahip olduğu gibi konuyla ilgili birçok neden olduğu görülmektedir. Çalışmada, aile işletmeleri sistemlerinin (aile, işletme ve yönetim), Paydaşların Önceliği Modeli (güç, meşruiyet ve öncelik) aracılığıyla işletmenin performansını nasıl etkilediği ve hangi sistemin bu performansı eniyileyeceği araştırılmıştır. Her bir sistemin etkisinin, önceliğinin ve çıkarlarının işletmenin ekonomik performansını nasıl etkilediğinin ayrı ayrı araştırılması, literatürdeki bu boşluğu dolduracaktır. Araştırma, Türkiye’de bulunan aile işletmelerinin %71’ini kapsayan 12 ilde (İstanbul, Ankara, Bursa, İzmir, Konya, Gaziantep, Denizli, Kocaeli, Adana, Tekirdağ, Kayseri ve Mersin), çalıştırdığı işçi sayısı açısından büyük ölçekli 308 işletme üzerinde gerçekleştirilmiş ve elde edilen veriler, Yapısal Eşitlik Modeli aracılığıyla analiz edilmiştir.

Keywords

• aile işletmeleri,paydaş teorisi,işletme performansı

Effect of the Stakeholder Salience Theory on Family Businesses Performance

Abstract

Having started to develop since the second half of twentieth century, Family businesses make up approximately %50 in the world, %90 in Turkey of all businesses. For that reason, presenting a good economic performance and ensuring sustainability of Family businesses plays a critical role for the whole world economies. Yet, the rate of taking-over the business from the founder of these businesses to the next generation gradually decreases. When the literature review, a lot of important reasons appears to be about this situation, like having more system compared to normal businesses. In the study, how the systems of Family businesses (family, business and management) effects the performance of the business through Stakeholders Salience Model (power, legitimacy and urgency) and which system will improve this performance best, is researched. Studying how the impact, salience and stakes of each system will affect economic performance of the business separately would fill that gap in the literature. In this research, in 12 provinces which consist of %71 of Family businesses in Turkey (İstanbul, Ankara, Bursa, İzmir, Konya, Gaziantep, Denizli, Kocaeli, Adana, Tekirdağ, Kayseri and Mersin), data from 308 businesses that are large-sized in terms of the number of workers they employ, are analyzed with Structural Equation Model. 

Keywords

• family business,stakeholder theory,business performance

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