Beşeri Sermaye ve Enerji Tüketiminin Ekonomik Büyüme Üzerindeki Etkisi: AB-15 ve Türkiye Üzerine Bir Uygulama

Abstract

Bu çalışmada AB-15 ve Türkiye için enerji tüketimi ve beşeri sermayenin ekonomik büyüme üzerindeki etkisi yatay kesit bağımlılığı altında AMG tahmincisi ile test edilmektedir. Enerjinin dışa bağımlı bir girdi olması nedeniyle mevcut kaynakların verimli kullanımı ve teknolojik gelişmelere bağlı olarak yenilenebilir kaynakların payının artması için bilinçli ve eğitimli bir toplumun gerekliliği vazgeçilmezdir. Bu anlamda yüksek beşeri sermaye düzeyi ve beşeri sermaye düzeyine bağlı olarak enerjinin verimli kullanımı söz konusu ülkeler için hayatidir. Çalışmada panel genelinde enerji tüketiminde %1’lik artış ekonomik büyümeyi %0.31 artırırken, sermaye stokundaki artış ekonomik büyümeyi %0.22’i artırmaktadır. Beşeri sermaye değişkeninin ekonomik büyüme üzerindeki etkisi pozitif görünmekle birlikte anlamlı bir ilişki tespit edilmemiştir. Dumitrescu ve Hurlin (2012) panel Granger nedensellik testinde ise ekonomik büyümeden enerji tüketimine ve fiziksel sermaye stokuna doğru tek yönlü, beşeri sermayeden de ekonomik büyümeye doğru tek yönlü nedensellik ilişki ortaya konulmuştur.

Keywords

• Enerji tüketimi,Beşeri sermaye,Arttırılmış Ortalama Grup Tahmincisi

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