Research Article

The Causes of Failure Greek Minority Army in the Battle of Sakarya

Volume: 22 Number: 2 April 28, 2023
EN TR

The Causes of Failure Greek Minority Army in the Battle of Sakarya

Abstract

Ankara Operation launched by the Greek Army with the support of the Entente Stateshad ended with a great defeat in the Sakarya regions without achieving its goal for signing of the Sevres Treaty by the Ankara Government and break the violent resistance against the invasions. With the defeat, the course of the Greek Asia Minor Army's Anatolian adventure had changed, Greek commanders, who had been thinking about the attack until that day, started defensive operations after the Battle of Sakarya. The reasons for the failure had explained in detail by the military experts of the period in their post-war memoirs. At the end of the war, with a rebellion that started in Greece, many people including politicians and soldiers who failed in the Sakarya War were tried and six Greek Ministers and Commanders, including the prime minister of the period Gunaris, were executed. In this sense, the Battle of Sakarya has been a turning point for the rulers of both countries. The Greek governments, who sacrificed the future of their countries for the sake of the interests of the imperialist states, paid a heavy price for the mistakes they had made. On the other hand, for the Turkish Nation, it has been the most important gain in the construction of a modern nation as a result of saving its independence and future with its own determination, decision, and struggle. The aim of the work is to analyze the causes of the defeat in the Greek Army`s Sakarya Battle. In the subject of the work is one of the most important battles of the National Struggle period the Battle of Sakarya is emphasized the importance of the loss of the Battle of Sakarya Greek History. In the study, Turkish and Greek Military History was analyzed using first-hand sources, in the context of the case-event relationship. The study covers the period of Sakarya battle.

Keywords

References

  1. Altay, F. (1970).10 Years of war 1912-1922 and after. Istanbul: Insel Publications.
  2. Canakaris, V. (2007). Crying Anatolia 1919-1922. Athens: Metehmio Publications.
  3. Erendil, M. (1987). Sakarya Pitched Battle. Armed Forces Magazine, Vol: 106, 311,59-71.
  4. Greek General Staff International Military History (GGSIMH). (1967) Summarized History of the Asia Minor Expedition 1919-1922 (Unpublished Manuscript). Athens: Military History Administration Publication.
  5. Grigoriadis, F. (1971). History of Contemporary Greece 1909-1940. Kendrinos Publications, Volume: 2, Athens. 42-64.
  6. Kemal, G. M. (2016). Speech. Ankara: Fark Publications.
  7. Pallis, A. A. (1997). Greek Adventure in Anatolia, (Translation: Orhan Azizoğlu). Istanbul: YapıKredi Publications.
  8. Papoulas, A. (1969). Memoirs of General Papoulas. Istanbul: New Istanbul Publications.

Details

Primary Language

English

Subjects

-

Journal Section

Research Article

Publication Date

April 28, 2023

Submission Date

November 16, 2020

Acceptance Date

October 31, 2021

Published in Issue

Year 2023 Volume: 22 Number: 2

APA
Köylü, M. (2023). The Causes of Failure Greek Minority Army in the Battle of Sakarya. Gaziantep Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi, 22(2), 526-535. https://doi.org/10.21547/jss.826446
AMA
1.Köylü M. The Causes of Failure Greek Minority Army in the Battle of Sakarya. GAUN-JSS. 2023;22(2):526-535. doi:10.21547/jss.826446
Chicago
Köylü, Murat. 2023. “The Causes of Failure Greek Minority Army in the Battle of Sakarya”. Gaziantep Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi 22 (2): 526-35. https://doi.org/10.21547/jss.826446.
EndNote
Köylü M (April 1, 2023) The Causes of Failure Greek Minority Army in the Battle of Sakarya. Gaziantep Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi 22 2 526–535.
IEEE
[1]M. Köylü, “The Causes of Failure Greek Minority Army in the Battle of Sakarya”, GAUN-JSS, vol. 22, no. 2, pp. 526–535, Apr. 2023, doi: 10.21547/jss.826446.
ISNAD
Köylü, Murat. “The Causes of Failure Greek Minority Army in the Battle of Sakarya”. Gaziantep Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi 22/2 (April 1, 2023): 526-535. https://doi.org/10.21547/jss.826446.
JAMA
1.Köylü M. The Causes of Failure Greek Minority Army in the Battle of Sakarya. GAUN-JSS. 2023;22:526–535.
MLA
Köylü, Murat. “The Causes of Failure Greek Minority Army in the Battle of Sakarya”. Gaziantep Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi, vol. 22, no. 2, Apr. 2023, pp. 526-35, doi:10.21547/jss.826446.
Vancouver
1.Murat Köylü. The Causes of Failure Greek Minority Army in the Battle of Sakarya. GAUN-JSS. 2023 Apr. 1;22(2):526-35. doi:10.21547/jss.826446