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James Joyce’un ‘Eveline’ ve ‘The Boarding House’ adlı Hikayelerindeki Ruhsal Çöküntü ve Epifani

Year 2012, Volume: 11 Issue: 2, 587 - 600, 01.12.2012

Abstract

Bu makale, James Joyce’un Dubliners adlı eserinde bulunan “Eveline” (1904) ve “The Boarding House” (1906) adlı hikayelerinde görülen kadın karakterlerin içine düştükleri ruhsal çöküntüden, hayatlarında değişikliğe sebep olan anlık olayların (epiphany) etkisiyle kurtulduklarını ironik olarak göstermeyi amaçlamaktadır. Joyce, “Eveline” ve “The Boarding House” adlı hikayelerinde, kadının sosyal çevresindeki eşitsizlikten ve acıya sebep olan durumlardan kurtulamadıklarınından dolayı yalnızlaşmış ve toplumdan uzaklaşmış zihneyetleri ile başbaşa kaldıklarını vurgulamaktadır. Bu hikayelerde, sosyal sınırlamalara maruz kalan kadınların büyük çoğunluğunun, o dönemde İrlanda’nın Dublin şehrinde hakim olan ataerkil yapıdaki yalnızlaşmayı ve uzaklaşmayı yansıttığı görülmektedir. Dolayısıyla, Joyce bu hikayelerde sosyal toplumun kadınlar ve genç kızlar üzerindeki etkilerine değinmekte olup erkeklerin hakim olduğu katı sosyal toplumdan kadınların kaçış çabalarını belirtmektedir. Gözlenen odur ki, aile içi rollerinden kaçmaya çalışan kadınlar aslında bu rollerine devam etmekten başka bir çıkar yol göremezler; yani, özgürleşme çabaları sadece düşüncede kalmaktadır. “Eveline” adlı hikayede, Eveline babasıyla birlikte yaşamayı tercih etme ya da Frank ile Bounes Aires’te yeni bir geleceğe devam etme ikilemine düşer. “The Boarding House” adlı hikayede, alkolik kocasından ve toplumun önyargılarından kurtulmaya çalışan bir kadın olan Mrs. Mooney erkek müşterilere kiraya verdiği pansiyonu yoluyla çocuklarını ve kendini geçindirmeye uğraşan bir kişidir. Bu iki hikayedeki kadınlar, kendi benliklerini ve bağımsızlıklarını bulma eğilimindedirler. Psikolojik bunalım içerisine düşen bu kişilerin kurtulabilmeleri için ancak çözüm getirebilecek ani olayların/ilham anlarının oluşmasına ihtiyaçları vardır. Kendilerini ataerkil düzendeki eşitsizliklerden ve uğraşlardan kurtarmaya çalışmaktan başka planları yoktur. Sonuç olarak, bu hikayelerde James Joyce, yirminci yüzyılın ilk çeğreğinde ataerkil düzenin baskılarından dolayı özgürleşme çabası içerisinde olan kadınları esas konu edinmektedir

References

  • Eagleton, Terry. (2005). The English Novel: An Introduction. Oxford: Blackwell.
  • Ehrlich, Heyward. (1997). “Socialism, Gender, and Imagery in Dubliners.” Gender in Joyce. (Eds.) Jolanta W. Wawrzycka and Marlena G. Corcoran. Florida: University Press of Florida, pp: 82-101.
  • Firman, Courtney L. (2007). “Paralysis in All Stages of Life as Seen in James Joyce's Dubliners.” Associated Content: Arts and Entertainment. January 15, 2007. http://www.associatedcontent.com/article/111513/paralysis_in_all_stages_of_ life_as.html?cat=38
  • Halper, Nathan. (1969). “The Boarding House.” James Joyce’s Dubliners: Critical Essays. Ed. Clive Hart. London: Faber and Faber Ltd., pp: 72-84.
  • Hart, Clive. (1969). “Eveline.” James Joyce’s Dubliners: Critical Essays. Ed. Clive Hart. London: Faber and Faber Ltd., pp: 48-52.
  • Ingersoll, Earl G. (1993). “Stigma of Femininity in James Joyce’s “Eveline” and “The Boarding House.” Studies in Short Fiction. Fall. January 18, 2010. http://findarticles.com/p/articles/mi_m2455/is_n4_v30/ai_14762709/.
  • Joyce, James. (1993). Dubliners. Hertfordshire: Wordsworth Classics.
  • -----. (1969). A Portrait of the Artist as a Young Man. London: Penguin.
  • Juan, Epifanio San. (1972). James Joyce and the Craft of Fiction: An Interpretation of Dubliners. New Jersey: Associated University Presses.
  • Kenner, Hugh. (1962). Dublin’s Joyce. Boston: Beacon Press.
  • McDowall, David. (1991). An Illustrated History of Britain. Essex: Longman Group UK Limited.
  • Michels, Anne. (2007). “Paralysis and Epiphany: How Joyce Could Save Dublin.” Hohonu: A Journal of Academic Writing. (5): 1. January 15, 2010. http://www.uhh.hawaii.edu/academics/hohonu/writing.php?id=141
  • Morgan, Kenneth O. (Ed.). (1993). The Oxford History of Britain. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
  • Sramkova, Barbora. (1998). “Epiphany as a Mode of Perception: The Origin of Joyce’s Ulysses.” January 18, 2010. English Language and Literature Studies. http://www.grin.com/e-book/34587/epiphany-as-a-mode-ofperception-the-origin-of-joyce-s-ulysses
  • Valente, Francesca. (1995). “Joyce’s Dubliners as Epiphanies.” The Modern Word. January 18, 2010. http://www.themodernword.com/Joyce/paper_valente.html

Spiritual Paralysis and Epiphany: James Joyce’s “Eveline” and “The Boarding House”

Year 2012, Volume: 11 Issue: 2, 587 - 600, 01.12.2012

Abstract

This article intends to highlight James Joyce’s ironical outlook for the existence of epiphanies in women’s lives to be released from their spiritual paralysis and stagnation as indicated in “Eveline” (1904) and “The Boarding House” (1906) in Dubliners. In “Eveline” and “The Boarding House,” Joyce portrays women who are in a struggle for setting aside the inequalities and miseries of their social environment through their representative wish for emancipation in their lonely and alienated state of minds. Trapped in a web of social expectations and constraints, women intend to escape from the strict patriarchal society of Dublin in these short stories. Structured and controlled by the issue of femininity, James Joyce writes about the effects of the Irish society on female adolescents. “Eveline” and “The Boarding House” offer two portrayals of women who are enclosed by the dominance of the rigid patriarchal society which ends up the need for emancipation from social rigid rules. In these stories, however, the women characters portray a continuation of the choice of their domestic female roles, i.e., their struggle for emancipation turns out to be useless. "Eveline" is the story of a young teenager who faces a dilemma where she has to choose either she has to live with her father or escape with his boyfriend. In "The Boarding House," Mrs. Mooney, a working woman who has rooms to be rented by the young male lodgers, is also in a struggle for supporting herself and her two children. She is in search for emancipation from her drunken abusive husband having social prejudices. Hence, both of these stories highlight women’s tendency for exploring their selfhood and free will because of the inequalities and struggles of patriarchal society of the time in which they are spiritually paralyzed. Thus, James Joyce hints at women’s wish for emancipation

References

  • Eagleton, Terry. (2005). The English Novel: An Introduction. Oxford: Blackwell.
  • Ehrlich, Heyward. (1997). “Socialism, Gender, and Imagery in Dubliners.” Gender in Joyce. (Eds.) Jolanta W. Wawrzycka and Marlena G. Corcoran. Florida: University Press of Florida, pp: 82-101.
  • Firman, Courtney L. (2007). “Paralysis in All Stages of Life as Seen in James Joyce's Dubliners.” Associated Content: Arts and Entertainment. January 15, 2007. http://www.associatedcontent.com/article/111513/paralysis_in_all_stages_of_ life_as.html?cat=38
  • Halper, Nathan. (1969). “The Boarding House.” James Joyce’s Dubliners: Critical Essays. Ed. Clive Hart. London: Faber and Faber Ltd., pp: 72-84.
  • Hart, Clive. (1969). “Eveline.” James Joyce’s Dubliners: Critical Essays. Ed. Clive Hart. London: Faber and Faber Ltd., pp: 48-52.
  • Ingersoll, Earl G. (1993). “Stigma of Femininity in James Joyce’s “Eveline” and “The Boarding House.” Studies in Short Fiction. Fall. January 18, 2010. http://findarticles.com/p/articles/mi_m2455/is_n4_v30/ai_14762709/.
  • Joyce, James. (1993). Dubliners. Hertfordshire: Wordsworth Classics.
  • -----. (1969). A Portrait of the Artist as a Young Man. London: Penguin.
  • Juan, Epifanio San. (1972). James Joyce and the Craft of Fiction: An Interpretation of Dubliners. New Jersey: Associated University Presses.
  • Kenner, Hugh. (1962). Dublin’s Joyce. Boston: Beacon Press.
  • McDowall, David. (1991). An Illustrated History of Britain. Essex: Longman Group UK Limited.
  • Michels, Anne. (2007). “Paralysis and Epiphany: How Joyce Could Save Dublin.” Hohonu: A Journal of Academic Writing. (5): 1. January 15, 2010. http://www.uhh.hawaii.edu/academics/hohonu/writing.php?id=141
  • Morgan, Kenneth O. (Ed.). (1993). The Oxford History of Britain. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
  • Sramkova, Barbora. (1998). “Epiphany as a Mode of Perception: The Origin of Joyce’s Ulysses.” January 18, 2010. English Language and Literature Studies. http://www.grin.com/e-book/34587/epiphany-as-a-mode-ofperception-the-origin-of-joyce-s-ulysses
  • Valente, Francesca. (1995). “Joyce’s Dubliners as Epiphanies.” The Modern Word. January 18, 2010. http://www.themodernword.com/Joyce/paper_valente.html
There are 15 citations in total.

Details

Other ID JA33BE82BR
Journal Section Article
Authors

Zennure Köseman This is me

Publication Date December 1, 2012
Submission Date December 1, 2012
Published in Issue Year 2012 Volume: 11 Issue: 2

Cite

APA Köseman, Z. (2012). James Joyce’un ‘Eveline’ ve ‘The Boarding House’ adlı Hikayelerindeki Ruhsal Çöküntü ve Epifani. Gaziantep Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi, 11(2), 587-600.