Teknoloji ve İletişim Teknolojilerine Yönelik Ütopik ve Distopik Yaklaşımlar: Jetgiller ve Westworld Örneği İle

Year 2018, Volume: 17 Issue: 3, 959 - 979, 11.07.2018

Ceren Yegen

https://doi.org/10.21547/jss.417975

Cited By: 1

Abstract

Teknoloji, kuşkusuz
devamlı suretle gelişim gösteren bir alandır ve faydacıdır. Kendisini süre
giden yenilik ya da gelişmeler üzerine inşa eden teknolojinin, faydaları gibi
zararları da olduğu özellikle bugünlerde tartışılmaktadır. Çünkü teknolojik her
yeni gelişme ve yenilik iletişim alanını da etkilemekte, iletişim teknolojileri
gün be gün gündelik yaşamda kemikleşmektedir. Bu yüzden teknoloji ve iletişim
teknolojilerine yönelik, oldukça önemli olan ütopik ve distopik yaklaşımlar
ortaya atılmıştır. Durum tespiti yapan ütopik ve distopik diziler ve
sayılarındaki artış da ilgili durumun önemine dikkat çekmektedir. Öyle ki,
yıllar öncesinde Jetgiller’de görülen
faydalı birçok teknolojik yenilik bugün gündelik yaşamda yer alırken, Westworld’de yapay zekâ üzerinden
teknolojinin aşırılığına vurgu yapılması, hatta evren ve varoluşun dâhi
sorgulanması önemlidir. Bu çalışmanın konusu da bu yaklaşımların örnekler
üzerinden ele alınmasıdır. Bu sebeple, çalışmada ütopik bir örnek olan Jetgiller çizgi dizisi ile distopik bir
örnek olan Westworld dizisi ilgili
yaklaşımların analiz edilmesi amacıyla incelenecektir. 

Keywords

Teknoloji, İletişim Teknolojileri, Birey, Jetgiller, Westworld

Utopian and Dystopian Approaches to Technology and Communication Technologies: With The Examples of The Jetsons and Westworld

Abstract

Technology is undoubtedly
a field and a pragmatist that is constantly evolving. It is being discussed
particularly today that the technology that has built itself on the ongoing
innovations or developments has also damages, such as benefits. Because every technological
new development and innovation affects the field of communication, and
communication technologies get fixed day by day. This situation has led to
utopian and dystopic approaches to technology and communication technologies
that are very important. Utopian and dystopic series which conduct a
situational investigation and their increase, draw attention to the importance
of this situation. It is important to emphasize the excessiveness of technology
over artificial intelligence and even the questioning of the existence and the
universe at Westworld, while many
useful technological innovations seen in The
Jetsons years ago are in everyday life today. The subject of this study is
to discuss these approaches through examples. For this reason, the Westworld series, a dystopic example and
The Jetsons cartoon, a utopian
example of the study, will be examined to analyze relevant approaches.

Keywords

Technology, Communication Technologies, Individual, The Jetsons, Westworld

References

• Aktaş, C. (2014). QR Kodlar ve İletişim Teknolojisinin Hibritleşmesi. İstanbul: Kalkedon Publications.
• Amedie, J. (2015). The Impact of Social Media on Society. Advanced Writing: Pop Culture Intersections. 2.
• Antonio, J. R.; Bonanno, R. & Pirandello, L. (2000). A New Global Capitalism? From “Americanism and Fordism” to “Americanization- Globalization. American Studies, pp. 33-77.
• Arkitera. (2014). “Jetgiller'in Uçan Arabaları Hala Hayal Olabilir, Ama Akıllı Evleri Değil”. Başak Çelik, http://www.arkitera.com/haber/22332/jetgillerin-ucan-arabalari-hala-hayal-olabilir-ama-akilli-evleri-degil1, 08.12.2014.
• Arslantaş-Toktaş, S.; Binark, M.; Dikmen, Ş. E.; Barış Fidaner, I.; Küzeci, E. & Özaygen, A. (2010). Türkiye’de Dijital Gözetim T.C. Kimlik Numarasından E-Kimlik Kartlarına Yurttaşın Sayısal Bedenlenişi. Alternatif Bilişim.
• Atabek, Ü. (2005). İletişim Teknolojileri ve Yeni Medya için Olanaklar. pp. 61-90, in Yeni İletişim Teknolojileri ve Medya, Eds. Sevda Alankuş, IPS Communication Foundation Publications.
• Basu, S. & Fernald, J. (2006). Information and Communications Technology as a General-Purpose Technology: Evidence from U.S Industry Data. Working Paper 2006-29.
• Baudrillard, J. (1997). Tüketim Toplumu. Transl. Hazal Deliçaylı & Ferda Keskin, İstanbul: Ayrıntı Publications.
• Baudrillard, J. (2014). Simülakrlar ve Simülasyon. Transl. Oğuz Adanır, Doğu Batı Publications.
• Bucholtz, I. (2015). Media Use Among Social Networking Site Users in Latvia. International Journal of Communication 9 (2015), 2653-2673.
• Castells, M. (2005). Ağ Toplumunun Yükselişi - Enformasyon Çağı: Ekonomi, Toplum ve Kültür. Volume 1, Transl. Ebru Kılıç, İstanbul Bilgi Üniversitesi Publications.
• Cicero. (2005). Dostluk Üzerine. Transl. Çiğdem Dürüşken, Homer Publications.
• Clarke, S. (1990a). The Crisis of Fordism and the Crisis of Capitalism. Telos, New York, 83, Spring 1990, pp. 71 – 98.
• Clarke, S. (1990b). What in the F---’s name is Fordism. British Sociological Association Conference, University of Surrey, Wednesday, 4th April 1990.
• Cnn Turk. (2018). Gündem Özel Programme. April 7, 2018, “Soysal medya bağımlısı mıyız?”, #cocuklarmznyarnlar.
• Çelebi, V. (2014). Jean Pau Sartre’ın Varoluşçuluk Düşüncesi. Beytulhikme An International Journal of Philosophy, 4 (2), 63-76.
• Degan, J. R. (2011). Fordism and Taylorism are responsible for the early success and recent decline of the U.S. motorvehicle industry, glob adventage. Working paper nº 81/2011.
• Digital Trends. (2017). “ABC orders live-action 'Jetsons' reboot involving 'Back to the Future' director”. 08.17.2017, https://www.digitaltrends.com/movies/the-jetsons-live-action-reboot-robert-zemeckis/.
• Dolgun, U. (2005). Yatak odanızda, beyninizde, mahrem olan her yerde… İşte Büyük Birader. İstanbul: Hayy Book.
• Dolgun, U. (2008). Şeffaf Hapishane yahut Gözetim Toplumu Küreselleşen Dünyada Gözetim, Toplumsal Denetim ve İktidar İlişkileri. Ötüken Publication.
• Garynevillegasm. (2018). “LAZARUS SENDROMU NEDİR?”. https://tr.garynevillegasm.com/zdorove/108998-chto-takoe-sindrom-lazarya.html, 04.09.2018.
• Ferris, S. (2012). Information and communication technologies for development. Project: New Business Models for Sustainable Trading Relationships, Series: Topic Brief Series.
• Foucault, M. (1980). Power/knowledge: Selected Interviews and Other Writings, 1972-1977. Pantheon Books.
• Ghaznavi, R. M.; Keikha, A. & Yaghoubi, M. N. (2011). The Impact of Information and Communication Technology (ICT) on Educational Improvement. International Education Studies Vol. 4, No. 2.
• Haber Turk. (2018). “Uçan araba nihayet satışta, işte fiyatı”. 03.18.2018, http://www.haberturk.com/ucan-araba-pal-v-nihayet-satista-iste-fiyati-1867695-ekonomi.
• HBO. (2016). “Westworld”. https://www.hbo.com/westworld.
• HBO Nortic Official Instagram Account. (2018). https://www.instagram.com/hbonordic/?hl=tr .
• Healy, K. (2017). Public Sociology in the Age of Social Media. American Political Science Association 15 (3), 771-780.
• Huxley, A. (2018). Cesur Yeni Dünya. Transl. Ümit Tosun, İthaki Publications.
• Katz, R. I. & Macklin, S. A. (2007). Information and Communication Technology (ICT) Literacy: Integration and Assessment in Higher Education. SYSTEMICS, CYBERNETICS AND INFORMATICS, 5 (4), 50-55.
• Kaya, A. (2017). “Teknoloji Nedir?”. https://www.tech-worm.com/teknoloji-nedir/, 04.20.2017.
• Kelly, T. & Souter, D. (2014). The Role of Information and Communication Technologies in Postconflict Reconstruction, A World Bank Study. International Bank for Reconstruction and Development / The World Bank.
• Kirby, A. (2009). Digimodernism: How New Technologies Dismantle the Postmodern and Reconfigure Our Culture. 1st Edition, Continuum.
• Kramer, J. W.; Jenkins, B. & Katz, S. R. (2007). The Role of the Information and Communications Technology Sector in Expanding Economic Opportunity. Corporate Social Responsibility Intitative Report No: 22, Cambridge, MA: Kenndy School of Goverment, Harward University.
• Laughey, D. (2010). Medya Çalışmaları Teoriler ve Yaklaşımlar. Transl. Ali Toprak, İstanbul: Kalkedon Publications.
• Mansell, R. (1999). Information and communication technologies for development: assessing the potential and the risks. Telecommunications policy, 23 (1), 35-50.
• Markantonatou, M. (2007). The ideal-typical transition from Fordism to post-Fordism: A neopositivist problem setting. European Research Studies, X (1-2), 119-129.
• McLuhan, M. (1994). Understanding Media The Extensions of Man. The MIT Press; Reprint Edition.
• McLuhan, M. & Powers, B. R. (2015). Global Köy. Transl. Bahar Öcal Düzgören, Scala Publications.
• Mitra, A. (2011). New Media and Convergence: A Development Communication Perspective, Students’ Research. Global Media Journal – Indian Edition, 2 (2).Moraru, C. (2015). Reading for the Planet Toward a Geomethodology. University of Michigan Press.
• Mutlu Mekân. (2018). “Yapay Zekâ Mutfakta”. Betül Koca, https://www.mutlumekan.com/yapay-zeka/, 08.04.2018.
• Natale, S. (2014). Introduction: new media and the imagination of the future. Wi: Journal of Mobile Media, 8 (2).
• Neelamalar, M. & Chitra, P. (2009). New media and society: A Study on the impact of social networking sites on indian youth. Estudos em Comunicação no6, 125-145.
• Niebel, D.; Kopp, G. & Beerfeltz, J. H. (2013). Information and communications technology (ICT). Key technologies for sustainable developlent, BMZ Strategy Paper 2/2013e.
• Orwell, G. (2016). 1984.Transl. Celal Üster, Can Publications - World Classics Series.
• Perron, E. B.; Taylor, O. H.; Glass, E. J. & Margerum-Leys, J. (2010). Information and Communication Technologies in Social Work. Advances in Social Work, 11 (1), 67-81.
• Posta. (2017). “Drone taksi ilk uçuşunu yaptı”. 09.27.2017, http://www.posta.com.tr/drone-taksi-ilk-ucusunu-yapti-haberi-1336642.
• Poster, M. (2017). Postmodern Gerçeklikler Siber Uzamda Hikâyeler, pp.125-130, in Yeni Medya Kuramcılarından Yeni Medya Kuramları. İstanbul: Der Publications.
• Ranini Tv. (2017). ABC, “Jetgiller'in dizisi için pilot bölüm onayı verdi”. August 17, 2017, http://www.ranini.tv/haber/26209/1/abc-jetgillerin-dizisi-icin-pilot-bolum-onayi-verdi.
• Rosa, M. A. (2012). From mass communication to new media: a network perspective. Observatorio (OBS*) Journal, 6 (3), 145-176.
• Saklı, A. R. (2013). Fordizm’den Esnek Üretim Rejimine Dönüşümün Kamu Yönetimi Üzerindeki Etkileri. Electronic Journal of Social Sciences, 12 (44), 107-131.
• Sartre, J. P. (1985). Varoluşçuluk. Transl. Asım Bezirci, 8th Edition, Say Publications.
• Shirky, C. (2017). İnternet Özgürlüğünün Tehlikeleri. pp.160-162, in Yeni Medya Kuramcılarından Yeni Medya Kuramları, İstanbul: Der Publications.
• Szabo, V. L. (2013). The Future of Communication: from New Media to Postmedia. Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences 163 (2014), 36-43.
• Time Turk. (2018). “Henry Ford”. https://www.timeturk.com/henry-ford/biyografi-794282, 04.10.2018.
• Turkce Bilgi. (2018). “Jetgiller”. https://www.turkcebilgi.com/jetgiller, 04.17.2018.
• Ulusoy, K. (2009). Tarih Eğitiminde Hermeneutik Yaklaşım. Trakya University Journal of Social Sciences, 11 (1), 51-68.
• Van der Bank, C. M. & Van der Bank, M. (2014). The impact of social media: advantages or disadvantages. African Journal of Hospitality, Tourism and Leisure 4 (2).
• Van Dijk, J. (2016). Ağ Toplumu. Transl. Özlem Sakin, Kafka Publication.
• Vevere, V. (2015). Impact of Social Media on Interpersonal Communication Patterns. Socialinių mokslų studijos, 7 (1), 124-138.
• Zavadskas, K. E. & Kaklauskas, A. (2008). ADVANCED INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES IN CONSTRUCTION. The 25th International Symposium on Automation and Robotics in Construction, ISARC 2008, June 26-29.
• Zeitel-Bank, N. & Tat, U. (2014). SOCIAL MEDIA AND ITS EFFECTS ON INDIVIDUALS AND SOCIAL SYSTEMS. Human Capital without Borders: Knowledge and Learning for Quality of Life, 25-27 June, Portorož, Slovenia, Management, Knowledge and Learning, International Conference 2014.
• Watts, A. G. (2001). The Role of Information and Communication Technologies in an Integrated Career Information and Guidance System. National Institute for Careers Education and Counselling, United Kingdom.
• We Clip Art. (2018). “Jetsons Clipart”. http://weclipart.com/jetsons+clipart, 04.17.2018.
• Williams, R. (2003). Televizyon, Teknoloji ve Kültürel Biçim. Transl. Ahmet Ulvi Türkbağ, Dost Book Store: Ankara.
• Series & Cartoon
• Westworld (Season 1 – 10 Episodes – October 2016)
• The Jetsons (Watched 5 Episodes)