The Turn of the Screw ve ‘‘Daisy Miller’’: Henry James’in Puritan Bakış Açısı ile İdeal Viktorya Dönemi Orta-Sınıfı
Abstract
Bu makale, Viktorya dönemi değerleri, inançları ve ailenin çocukların uygun
şekilde yetiştirilmesindeki katalizör rolü, görevlerin önemi, ideal kadın ve
annenin özellikleri, farklı sosyo-ekonomik sınıfların üyeleri olan insanların
iyi ya da kötü doğası (bunların hepsi sınırlan(ma)mış cinsellik ve bunun sosyal
düzen üzerindeki etkisini kontrol eden faktörlerdir) gibi o döneme ait
düşüncelerle şekillendirilmiş etik bir temele oturtulan The Turn
of the Screw ve‘‘Daisy Miller’’ eserlerine, 19. yüzyıl okur-yazar yaklaşımıyla
ışık tutmaktadır. Bu bağlamda, bu makalenin yazarı, her iki hikâyede de Henry
James'in, zamanının Batı dünyasını, özellikle de sosyo-ekonomik açıdan güçlü (aşırı
özgürlük / naiflik ve aşırı rijitlik / hipokrisi arasında bocalayan) 19. yüzyıl
Anglo-Sakson orta-sınıfını karakterize eden genel bir ahlaki çöküş tehdidini
göstermeye çalıştığını iddia etmektedir. Ayrıca, yazar, iki öykünün
karakterlerinin birbirlerini yansıttıklarını iddia etmektedir. “Daisy Miller”,
kronolojik olarak The Turn of the Screw’den önce yer almasına rağmen, “Daisy Miller” ile ilgili bir tartışmadan önce The Turn of the Screw’in incelenmesi yararlı olabilir çünkü The Turn
of the Screw, “Daisy Miller”
hikâyesindeki karekterlere çarpıcı bir şekilde benzeyen karakterlerin ahlaki ve
psikolojik durumları hakkında daha fazla ayrıntı vermesi yönünden daha eksiksiz
bir çalışmadır.
References
- Astell, Mary (1993). Some reflections Upon Marriage. In M. H. Abrams et al. (Eds.), The Norton Anthology of English Literature (Vol. 1). USA: W. W. Norton & Company Inc.
- Bontly, Thomas J. (1969). Henry James’s ‘General Vision of Evil’ in The Turn of the Screw. Nineteenth Century Spec. issue of Studies in English Literature, 1500-1900 9 (4), 721-735.
- Curry, Dean (2005). Highlights of Ameriacan Literature. Washington D.C. USA: United States Department of State.
- Fagin, N. Bryllion (1941). Another Reading of the Turn of the Screw. Modern Language Notes. 56(3), 196-202.
- James, Henry (2006). Daisy Miller & Other Stories. Keith Carabine (Ed.). GB: Wordsworth Editions Limited.
- --- (2000). The Turn of the Screw & The Aspern Papers. Keith Carabine (Ed.). GB: Wordsworth Editions Limited.
- Jones, Alexander E (1959). Point of View in The Turn of the Screw. PMLA. 74(1), 112-122.
- Lauter, Paul, et al. (Eds.) (1998). The Heath Anthology of American Literature. (Vol. 2). Boston, USA: Houghton.
- Righelato, Pat (2006). Introduction. In Keith Carabine (Ed.), Daisy Miller & Other Stories (VII-XVI) GB: Wordsworth Editions Limited, 2006.
- Schrero, Elliot M (1981). Exposure in ‘The Turn of the Screw’. Modern Philology. 78(3), 261- 274.
- Stafford, William T. (1955). Henry James the American: Some Views of His Contemporaries.’’ Twentieth Century Literature. 1(2), 69-76.
The Turn of the Screw and ‘‘Daisy Miller’’: Henry James’s Puritan view on the Ideal Victorian Middle-class
Abstract
Abstract
This article sheds light upon a
nineteenth-century reader-response approach to The Turn of the Screw and ‘‘Daisy Miller’’grounded on an ethical
basis that is shaped by dominant Victorian values, beliefs, and ideas
concerning the catalytic role of family towards the proper raising of children,
the importance of duty, the traits of the ideal woman and mother, and the good
or evil nature of people who are members of different socioeconomic classes,
all of which are controlling factors of (un)restrained sexuality and its impact
on social order. Within this context, the writer of this article claims that in
both stories Henry James is interested in pointing out the threat of a general
moral corruption that characterizes the Western world of his time, particularly
the socio-economically powerful nineteenth-century Anglo-Saxon middle-class, with the latter vacillating
between excessive freedom/ naivity and excessive rigidness/ hypocricy.
Furthermore, the writer claims the complementary character of the two stories. Although
‘‘Daisy Miller’’ chronologically preceeds The
Turn of the Screw, the latter’s examination prior to a discussion of ‘‘Daisy
Miller’’ may be helpful because The Turn
of the Screw is a more complete work in the sense that elaborates more on
the moral and psychological condition of characters who strikingly resemble
those in the story of ‘‘Daisy Miller.’’
References
- Astell, Mary (1993). Some reflections Upon Marriage. In M. H. Abrams et al. (Eds.), The Norton Anthology of English Literature (Vol. 1). USA: W. W. Norton & Company Inc.
- Bontly, Thomas J. (1969). Henry James’s ‘General Vision of Evil’ in The Turn of the Screw. Nineteenth Century Spec. issue of Studies in English Literature, 1500-1900 9 (4), 721-735.
- Curry, Dean (2005). Highlights of Ameriacan Literature. Washington D.C. USA: United States Department of State.
- Fagin, N. Bryllion (1941). Another Reading of the Turn of the Screw. Modern Language Notes. 56(3), 196-202.
- James, Henry (2006). Daisy Miller & Other Stories. Keith Carabine (Ed.). GB: Wordsworth Editions Limited.
- --- (2000). The Turn of the Screw & The Aspern Papers. Keith Carabine (Ed.). GB: Wordsworth Editions Limited.
- Jones, Alexander E (1959). Point of View in The Turn of the Screw. PMLA. 74(1), 112-122.
- Lauter, Paul, et al. (Eds.) (1998). The Heath Anthology of American Literature. (Vol. 2). Boston, USA: Houghton.
- Righelato, Pat (2006). Introduction. In Keith Carabine (Ed.), Daisy Miller & Other Stories (VII-XVI) GB: Wordsworth Editions Limited, 2006.
- Schrero, Elliot M (1981). Exposure in ‘The Turn of the Screw’. Modern Philology. 78(3), 261- 274.
- Stafford, William T. (1955). Henry James the American: Some Views of His Contemporaries.’’ Twentieth Century Literature. 1(2), 69-76.
Details
| Primary Language | English |
|---|---|
| Subjects | Creative Arts and Writing |
| Journal Section | Literature |
| Authors | |
| Publication Date | July 11, 2018 |
| Submission Date | May 16, 2018 |
| Acceptance Date | July 4, 2018 |
| Published in Issue | Year 2018 Volume: 17 Issue: 3 |
