Paydaşların Önceliği Teorisinin Aile İşletmelerinin Performansına Etkisi

Year 2018, Volume: 17 Issue: 4, 1491 - 1506, 27.09.2018

Mehmet Akif Çini , Hasan Kürşat Güleş , Mustafa Atilla Arıcıoğlu

https://doi.org/10.21547/jss.429086

Abstract

Yirminci
yüzyılın ikinci yarısından itibaren gelişmeye başlayan aile işletmeleri, tüm
şirketlerinin Dünya’da ortalama % 50’sini, Türkiye’de ise ortalama 95’ini
oluşturmaktadır. Bu sebeple, aile işletmelerinin iyi bir ekonomik performans
sergilemesi ve sürdürülebilirliğinin sağlanması tüm dünya ekonomileri için
kritik bir rol oynamaktadır. Ancak, bu işletmelerin kurucusundan itibaren
gelecek nesillere devredilme oranları gittikçe düşmektedir. Literatür
incelendiğinde, aile işletmelerinin diğer işletmelere göre daha fazla sistem
sahip olduğu gibi konuyla ilgili birçok neden olduğu görülmektedir. Çalışmada,
aile işletmeleri sistemlerinin (aile, işletme ve yönetim), Paydaşların Önceliği
Modeli (güç, meşruiyet ve öncelik) aracılığıyla işletmenin performansını nasıl
etkilediği ve hangi sistemin bu performansı eniyileyeceği araştırılmıştır. Her
bir sistemin etkisinin, önceliğinin ve çıkarlarının işletmenin ekonomik
performansını nasıl etkilediğinin ayrı ayrı araştırılması, literatürdeki bu
boşluğu dolduracaktır. Araştırma, Türkiye’de bulunan aile işletmelerinin %71’ini
kapsayan 12 ilde (İstanbul, Ankara, Bursa, İzmir, Konya, Gaziantep, Denizli,
Kocaeli, Adana, Tekirdağ, Kayseri ve Mersin), çalıştırdığı işçi sayısı
açısından büyük ölçekli 308 işletme üzerinde gerçekleştirilmiş ve elde edilen
veriler, Yapısal Eşitlik Modeli aracılığıyla analiz
edilmiştir.

Keywords

aile işletmeleri, paydaş teorisi, işletme performansı

Effect of the Stakeholder Salience Theory on Family Businesses Performance

Abstract

Having started to develop since the second half of
twentieth century, Family businesses make up approximately %50 in the world,
%90 in Turkey of all businesses. For that reason, presenting a good economic
performance and ensuring sustainability of Family businesses plays a critical
role for the whole world economies. Yet, the rate of taking-over the business
from the founder of these businesses to the next generation gradually
decreases. When the literature review, a lot of important reasons appears to be
about this situation, like having more system compared to normal businesses. In
the study, how the systems of Family businesses (family, business and
management) effects the performance of the business through Stakeholders Salience
Model (power, legitimacy and urgency) and which system will improve this
performance best, is researched. Studying how the impact, salience and stakes
of each system will affect economic performance of the business separately
would fill that gap in the literature. In this research, in 12 provinces which
consist of %71 of Family businesses in Turkey (İstanbul, Ankara, Bursa, İzmir,
Konya, Gaziantep, Denizli, Kocaeli, Adana, Tekirdağ, Kayseri and Mersin), data
from 308 businesses that are large-sized in terms of the number of workers they
employ, are analyzed with Structural Equation Model. 

Keywords

family business, stakeholder theory, business performance

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