Covid-19 Salgın Döneminde Hava Taşımacılığının Yeniden Başlatılması: Yolcuları ve Havacılık Personelini Korumak için Temel Önlemler

Year 2020, Volume: 19 Issue: COVID-19 Special Issue, 191 - 211, 31.10.2020

Yeşim Kurt

https://doi.org/10.21547/jss.758434

Cited By: 4

Abstract

Bu çalışmanın konusu Covid-19 virüsüne karşı hava taşımacılığında alınan önlemlerdir. Araştırmanın amacı, Covid-19 salgını sürecinde hava taşımacılığında müşteriler ve insan kaynağı için ne tür önlemler alındığını ortaya koymaktır. Bu amaca ulaşmak adına ikincil veri kaynaklarından olan belge incelmesinden yararlanılmıştır. Konuyla ilgili olarak elde edilen veriler tümevarımsal biçimde analiz edilmiştir. Analiz sonucunda ortaya çıkan önlemler, yolculara yönelik ve çalışanlara yönelik olmak üzere iki ana temada tartışılmıştır. Yolculara yönelik önlemler üç kategoriden oluşmaktadır. Bunlar havalimanına gelmeden önce alınan önlemler, havalimanında alınan önlemler ve uçak içinde alınan önlemlerdir. Çalışanlara yönelik önlemler ise iki alt kategoriyle açıklanmaktadır. Bunlar yerde görevli personele yönelik önlemler ve uçuş görevlilerine yönelik önlemlerdir.
Bu araştırmayla çerçevesi çizilen önlemler, havacılık işletmelerinin bu krizin üstesinden gelebilmesinde kritik öneme sahiptir. Bu önlemler havacılık işletmelerinin hem yolcuların hem de çalışanların gözünde güvenilir oldukları yönünde bir imaj yaratacak ve itibarlarını kazanmalarına katkı sağlayacaktır. Hava taşımacılığında risklerin yönetilebildiği konusunda ikna olan müşteriler bilet satın alarak havalimanlarına ve havayollarına yolcu olarak değer katacaklardır. İnsan kaynaklarına yönelik önlemler ise çalışanların güvende hissetmelerine katkı sağlayarak; baskı altında hissetmeden, motive edilmiş bir şekilde çalışarak verimliliklerini sürdürmelerine katkı sağlayacaktır. Hem çalışanlar hem de müşteriler gözünde yaratılan bu fark, işletmelerin bu krizin üstesinden gelmelerine ve sürdürülebilirliklerine doğrudan katkı sağlayacaktır.

Keywords

Covid-19, hava taşımacılığı, risk yönetimi, halk sağlığı, insan kaynakları

Supporting Institution

Yok.

Covid-19 Crisis in Air Transportation: Passengers and Human Resources Protection Measures

Abstract

The subject of this study is the measures taken in air transportation against Covid-19 virus. The aim of the research is to reveal what measures were taken for customers and human resources in air transportation during the Covid-19 virus. In order to achieve this goal, document analysis from secondary data sources was used. The data obtained on the subject were analyzed inductively. The measures that emerged as a result of the analysis were discussed in two main themes: for passengers and for employees. Precautions for passengers consist of three categories. These are the measures taken before arriving at the airport, the measures taken at the airport and the measures taken in the aircraft. Measures for employees are explained in two sub-categories. These are measures for personnel on the ground and measures for flight attendants.
The measures outlined in this research are critical in aviation’s companies' ability to overcome this crisis. These measures will create an image that aviation companies are reliable in the eyes of both passengers and employees and contribute to their reputation. Customers who are convinced that the risks can be managed in air transportation will add value to airports and airlines as passengers by purchasing tickets. Measures for human resources contribute to the employees to feel safe; It will contribute to maintain their productivity by working motivated without feeling under pressure. This difference created in the eyes of both employees and customers will directly contribute to businesses' overcoming this crisis and their sustainability.

Keywords

Covid-19, Air transportation, Risk maganement, Publich healt, Human resources

References

• Akça, Ö. Ü. M. (2020). COVID-19’un havacilik sektörüne etkisi. Avrasya Sosyal ve Ekonomi Araştırmaları Dergisi, 7(5), 45-64.
• Airports Council International (ACI). (2020a). Advisory bulletin 01. COVID-19: Relief measures to ensure the survival of the airport industry. Retrieved 5 June 2020 from: https://asianaviation.com/wpcontent/uploads/Policy_Brief_COVID19_Relief_Measures_to_Ensure_the_Survival_of_the_Airport_Industry_2020.pdf
• Airports Council International (ACI). (2020b). Advisory bulletin: Security screening best practices during COVID-19. Retrieved 19 May 2020 from: https://www.capsca.org/Documentation/CoronaVirus/20200320-COVID19-Security-Advisory-Bulletin.pdf
• Airports Council International (ACI). (2020c). Advisory bulletin: Airside safety and operations under COVID-19. Retrieved 27 April 2020 from: https://www.capsca.org/Documentation/CoronaVirus/200403-Airlfield-Ops-Advisory-Bulletin-FINAL.pdf
• Airports Council International (ACI) (2020d). Advisory bulletin: Risk-based, effective, proportionate and practical. Retrieved 12 June 2020 from: https://www.aci-europe.org/downloads/mediaroom/20-05 20%20Airports%20welcome%20new%20European%20Health%20Safety%20Protocol%20PRESS%20RELEASE.pdf
• Airports Council International (ACI). (2020e). Advisory bulletin: Economic impact assessment of COVID-19 on the airport business. Retrieved 17 May 2020 from: Website: https://aci.aero/wp-content/uploads/2020/05/200505-Third-Economic-Impact-Bulletin-FINAL.pdf
• Chinazzi, M., et. al., 2020. The effect of travel restrictions on the spread of the 2019 novel coronavirus (COVID-19) outbreak. Science, 2020; 368(6489), 395-400. doi: 10.1126/science.aba9757
• Creswell, J. W. (2013). Research design: qualitative, quantitative and mixed method approaches. (Çev: S. B. Demir.) Ankara: Eğiten Kitap.
• Dey, I. (2005). Qualitative data analysis: a user- friendly guide for social scientist. Taylor & Francis e-Library.
• European Cockpit Association (ECA). (2020). COVID-19 Safety aspects guidance for flight crews. Retrieved 28 April 2020 from: https://www.eurocockpit.be/sites/default/files/2020-03/Issue1_COVID19_SafetyAspects_F.pdf
• European Commission. (2020a). COVID-19: Guidelines on the progressive restoration of transport services and connectivity. Retrieved 5 June 2020 from: https://ec.europa.eu/info/sites/info/files/communication_transportservices.pdf
• European Commission. (2020b). Guidelines: Facilitating air cargo operations during COVID-19 Outbreak Retrieved 23 April 2020 from: https://ec.europa.eu/transport/sites/transport/files/legislation/c20202010_en.pdf
• European Comission (2020c). COVID-19: Temporary restriction on non-essential travel to the EU. Retrieved 29 April 2020 from: https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/PDF/?uri=CELEX:52020DC0115&from=EN
• European Union Aviation Safety Agency (EASA). (2020a). COVID-19 Aviation Health Safety Protocol Guidance for the management of airline passengers in relation to the COVID-19 pandemic. Retrieved 23 June 2020 from: https://www.ecdc.europa.eu/sites/default/files/documents/EASA-ECDC_COVID-19_Operational-guidelines-for-management-of-passengers.pdf
• European Union Aviation Safety Agency (EASA). (2020b). Safety ınformation bulletin aerodromes: Coronavirus ‘SARS-cov-2’ Infections – Operational recommendations. Retrieved 16 May 2020 from: https://ad.easa.europa.eu/ad/2020-02R4
• European Union Aviation Safety Agency (EASA). (2020c). Interim guidance on aircraft cleaning and disinfection in relation to the SARS-CoV-2 pandemics Issue: 01. Retrieved 17 April 2020 from: https://www.easa.europa.eu/sites/default/files/dfu/Interim-guidance-on-Aircraft-Cleaning-and-Disinfection.pdf
• European Union Aviation Safety Agency. (EASA). (2020d). Guidance on management of crew members in relation to the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic Issue no: 01. Retrieved 18 April 2020 from: https://www.easa.europa.eu/sites/default/files/dfu/EASA-COVID-19_Interim%20Guidance%20on%20Management%20of%20Crew%20Members%20final.pdf
• European Union Aviation Safety Agency (EASA). (2020e). Safety Directive: Operational measures to prevent the spread of Coronavirus `SARS-CoV-2` infection. Retrieved 18 May 2020 from: https://ad.easa.europa.eu/ad/SD-2020-02/print
• Federal Aviation Administration (FAA). (2020). Information for airport sponsors considering COVID-19 Restrictions or Accommaditon. Retrieved 2 May 2020 from http://www.calairports.com/2020.03.28%20Information%20for%20Airport%20Sponsors%20on%20COVID-19.pdf
• Flight Safety Foundation (2020). Non-medical operational safety aspects supplemental materıals: pandemic — aviation safety roadmap version Retrieved 28 May 2020 from: https://flightsafety.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/05/COVID-19-Roadmap-V2.pdf
• Glesne, C. (2013). Introduction to qualitative research 3rd edition. Çev: A. Ersoy ve P. Yalçınoğlu. Ankara: Anı Yayıncılık.
• Hang Chung, (2020). Impact of pandemic control over airport economics: Reconciling public health with airport business through a streamlined approach in pandemic control. Journal of Air Transport Management 44-45 (2015) 42e53 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jairtraman.2015.02.003
• Hays, D. & Singh. (2012). Qualitative ınquiry in clinical and educational settings. New York,: The Guilford Press. Iacus, S. M., Natale, F., Santamaria, C., Spyratos, S., & Vespe, M. (2020). Estimating and projecting air passenger traffic during the COVID-19 coronavirus outbreak and its socio-economic impact. Safety Science, 129, 104791 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ssci.2020.104791
• Internatıonal Busıness Avıatıon Councıl (IBAC). (2020). Guidance toward COVID-19 secure. Retrieved 19 June 2020 from: https://asbaa.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/05/Toward-Covid-Secure.pdf
• International Air Transport Association (IATA). (2017). Suspected communıcable dısease guidelines for cleaning crew. Retrieved 14 March 2020 from https://www.capsca.org/Documentation/CoronaVirus/health-guidelines-cabin-crew.pdf
• International Air Transport Association (IATA). (2020a). Restarting aviation following COVID-19 Medical evidence for various strategies. Retrieved 22 June 2020 from: https://www.iata.org/contentassets/f1163430bba94512a583eb6d6b24aa56/covid-medical-evidence-for-strategies-200525.pdf
• International Air Transport Association (IATA) (2020b). Guidance for cabin operations during and post pandemic edition 2. Retrieved 28 May 2020 from https://www.semae.es/wp-content/uploads/IATA-Guidance-for-Cabin-Operations-During-and-Post-Pandemic_Edition_2_07_May_2020_.pdf
• International Air Transport Association (IATA). (2020c). Ground Operations Bulletin 01: Quick reference for ground handling during COVID-19. Retrieved 22 May 2020 from https://www.iata.org/contentassets/094560b4bd9844fda520e9058a0fbe2e/quick-reference-guide-for-ground-handling-in-case-of-covid.pdf
• International Air Transport Association (IATA). (2020d). Guidance for ground handling during COVID-19 Ed. 4. Retrieved 22 May 2020.
• International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO). (2020a). Effects of novel coronavirus (COVID‐19) on civil aviation: Economic ımpact analysis. Retrieved 21 June 2020 from: https://www.icao.int/sustainability/Documents/COVID-19/ICAO%20COVID%202020%2005%2026%20Economic%20Impact.pdf
• International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO). (2020b). Implementıng a publıc health corrıdor to protect flıght crew durıng the Covıd-19 pandemıc (Cargo operations). Retrieved 13 June 2020 from: https://www.icao.int/Security/COVID-19/EBandSL/eb030e.pdf
• International Federation of Air Line Pilots (IFALPA). (2020). Safety bulletın COVID-19 guidance for crews. retrieved 25 June 2020 from: https://www.ifalpa.org/media/3537/20sab04-covid-19-guidance-for-crews.pdf
• Lau, H., Khosrawipour, V., Kocbach, P., Mikolajczyk, A., Ichii, H., Zacharksi, M., ... & Khosrawipour, T., 2020. The association between international and domestic air traffic and the coronavirus (COVID-19) outbreak. Journal of Microbiology, Immunology and Infection. 53, Issue 3: 467-472 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmii.2020.03.026
• Sobieralski, J. B., 2020. COVID-19 and airline employment: Insights from historical uncertainty shocks to the industry. Transportation Research Interdisciplinary Perspectives, 5: 100123 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.trip.2020.100123
• Suau-Sanchez, P., Augusto Voltes-Dortac, Natàlia Cugueró-Escofeta. (2020) An early assessment of the impact of COVID-19 on air transport: Just another crisis or the end of aviation as we know it? Journal of Transport Geography 86 (2020) 102749 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jtrangeo.2020.102749
• Takefuji, Y., 2020. Airborne precautions are needed against COVID-19. Journal of Infection and Public Health 13 (2020) 83. Editorial.
• World Health Organization (WHO). (2020a). Scientific brief: “Immunity passports” in the context of COVID-19. Retrieved 24 June 2020 from: https://www.who.int/publications/i/item/immunity-passports-in-the-context-of-covid-19
• World Health Organization (WHO). (2020b). Key considerations for repatriation and quarantine of travellers in relation to the outbreak of novel coronavirus 2019-nCoV. Retrieved 15 April 2020 from: https://www.who.int/docs/default-source/travel-and-health/repatriation-quarantine-ncov-key-considerations-hq-final11feb.pdf?sfvrsn=b9cd8a_4
• World Health Organization (WHO). (2020c). Operational considerations for managing COVID-19 cases or outbreak in aviation. Retrieved 7 April 2020 from: https://apps.who.int/iris/bitstream/handle/10665/331488/WHO-2019-nCoV-Aviation-2020.1-eng.pdf?sequence=1&isAllowed=y
• World Tourism Organization the United Nations (UNWTO). (2020). COVID - 19 related travel restrıctıons a global revıew for tourısm. Retrieved 15 May 2020 from: https://webunwto.s3.eu-west-1.amazonaws.com/s3fs-public/2020-04/TravelRestrictions_0.pdf