Türki Cumhuriyetlerde Küreselleşmenin Sağlık Harcamaları Üzerindeki Rolü

Abstract

Son kırk yıldır dünyaya egemen olan küreselleşmenin devletin ekonomik rolleri üzerinde yarattığı etkiler dikkate alındığında bu alanda çok farklı fikir akımlarının ortaya çıktığı görülmektedir. Özellikle refah devleti anlayışına neoliberal modeller eleştirel yaklaşırken, diğer uçtaki görüşler küreselleşmeyle birlikte bireylerin maruz kaldığı dışsal risklerin artması nedeniyle devletin sosyal refah harcamalarının da artacağını öngörmektedir. Bu doğrultuda sosyal refah devletinin küreselleşme ile ilişkilendirildiği tematik alanlardan birisi sağlık harcamaları olmaktadır. Dolayısıyla ülkelerin birbiriyle entegrasyon sürecindeki artıştan sağlık harcamalarının nasıl etkilendiği konusu ayrı bir önem kazanmaktadır. Bu noktadan hareketle çalışmada, 2000-2016 dönemi verileri kullanılarak Türkiye, Azerbaycan, Kazakistan, Kırgızistan, Tacikistan, Türkmenistan ve Özbekistan’dan oluşan Türki Cumhuriyetlerde ekonomik, sosyal ve politik küreselleşmenin sağlık harcamaları üzerindeki etkisi incelenmiştir. Panel ARDL yöntemiyle yapılan analiz sonucunda, ekonomik ve sosyal küreselleşmenin sağlık harcamalarını artırdığı, politik küreselleşmenin ise azalttığı bulgusuna ulaşılmıştır.

Keywords

• Küreselleşme
• Sağlık
• Sağlık Harcamaları
• Entegrasyon
• Panel ARDL

The Role of Globalization on Health Expenditures in Turkic Republics

Abstract

When considered the impacts of globalization that have dominated the world on state’s economic roles for the last forty decades, very different streams of thought have developed on this subject. Notably, while neoliberal models have a critical approach to the welfare state, the other extreme views foresee that the state’s social welfare expenditures will increase due to the rise in the external risks for individuals within globalization. Thus, health spending becomes one of the thematic fields where the social welfare state is associated with globalization. Therefore, the question becomes more of an issue of how health spending is affected by increasing the integration process of countries. From this viewpoint in this study, the impact of economic, social, and political globalization on health expenditure is examined in Turkic Republics that compose Turkey, Azerbaijan, Kazakhstan, and Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan, Turkmenistan, and Uzbekistan by using data over the period 2000-2016. As a result of the analysis using the panel ARDL method, it was found that economic and social globalization increases health expenditures while political globalization decreases.

Keywords

• Globalization
• Health
• Health Expenditures
• Integration
• Panel ARDL

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