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Year 2025, Volume: 24 Issue: 4, 2021 - 2036, 30.10.2025
https://doi.org/10.21547/jss.1616945

Abstract

References

  • Ahmed, N. (1927). Tabakat-ı Akbari I. (De, B. Çev.). Calcutta: Baptist Mission Press.
  • Ahmed, N. (1939). Tabakat-ı Akbari III. (De, B. Çev.). Calcutta: Baptist Mission Press.
  • Alam, K. (2006). Urbanization Under the Sultans of Bengal during 1203-1538 a.d., (Doktora Tezi). Aligarh Müslim Üniversitesi, Aligarh.
  • Allan, J. (1979). Tenke. İslâm Ansiklopedisi XII/1, İstanbul.
  • Banerjee, M. (1967). History of Firuz Shah Tughluq. Delhi: Munshiram Manoharlal.
  • Bayur, H. (1987). Hindistan Tarihi, I. Ankara: Türk Tarih Kurumu Basımevi.
  • Blochmann, H. (1968). Contributions to the Geography and History of Bengal (Muhammedan Period). Calcutta: Sree Saraswaty Press.
  • Choudhary, R. (1970). History of Muslim Rule in Tirhut (1206-1765). Varanasi: Vidyavilas Press.
  • Church, K. (2004). The Giraffe of Bengal: A Medieval Encounter in Ming China. The Medieval History Journal, 7(1), 1-37.
  • Cöhce, S. (2002). Hindistan’da Kurulan Türk Devletleri. Türkler Ansiklopedisi, VIII, s. 1199-1292.
  • El-Cüzcâni, M. (1970). Tabakât-ı Nâsırî I. (Raverty, Çev.), New Delhi: Oriental Books Reprint Corporation.
  • Durak, N. (2002). Hindistan’a Kuzeyden Yapılan Seferler. Ankara: Asam Yayınları.
  • Eaton, R. (1993). The Rise of Islam and the Bengal Frontier 1204-1760. London: University of California Press.
  • Faroqhi, S. (2024). Osmanlılar ve Bâbürlüler. (Yıldırım, Z. Çev.). İstanbul: Kronik Yayıncılık.
  • Ferişte, K. (1829). History of the Rise of the Mahomedan Power in India I (tarikh-i firishta). London.
  • Haig, W. (1928). The Kingdom of Bengal. W. Haig (Ed.). The Cambridge History of India, III (s. 260-276). Cambridge: The University Press.
  • Hasan, N. (1970). Bengal. Mohammad Habib - Khaliq Ahmad Nizami (Ed.). A Comprehensive History of India, V (s. 1135-1160). New Delhi: New Age Printing Press.
  • Husain, G. (2009). Riyazu-s-Salatin (A History of Bengal). Delhi: Jayyed Press.
  • Hussain, E. (2002). The Rise of Raja Ganesh in Medieval Bengal and Eaton’s Theory of the Crisis of Confidence: A Fresh Study. Proceedings of The Indian History Congress, 63, 272-280.
  • Jauhri, C. (2001). Medieval India in Transition: Tarih-i Firoz Shahi. New Delhi: Sundeep Prakashan.
  • Kansoy, U. (2018). Delhi Türk Sultanlığı’nda Ordu (1206-1414). Marmara Üniversitesi Türkiyat Araştırmaları Enstitüsü Doktora Tezi, İstanbul.
  • Karim, A. (1959). Social History of the Muslims in Bengal (down to a.d. 1538). Dacca: Paramount Press.
  • Koç, B. (2021). Delhi Türk Sultanlığında Tuğluklular Dönemi Siyasi Tarihi (1320-1414). Ankara: Türk Tarih Kurumu Yayınları.
  • Kortel, H. (2013). Zemindâr. DİA, XLIV, 238-239.
  • Laidlay, J. (1846). On The Coins of the Independent Muhammadan Sovereigns of Bengal. JASB XV, 323-333.
  • Ma Huan. (1970). Ying-yai sheng-lan “The Overall Survey of the Ocean’s Shores”. (Mills, J. V. G. Çev.). Cambridge: The University Press.
  • Majumdar, C. (1968). A Forgotten Episode in the Medieval History of Bengal. Annals of The Bhandarkar Oriental Research Institute, 48/49, 187-192.
  • Özel, T. (2023). İngiliz Doğu Hindistan şirketi. İstanbul: Vadi Yayınları.
  • Ray, B. (1967). Bengal. K. M. Munshi (Ed.). The Delhi Sultanate, (s. 193-220). Bombay.
  • Reza, M. (2020). Regime of Iliyas Shahi Dynasty Opening Bengal’s Window to Outer World. International Journal of Literature Arts Science and Culture, V, 168-185.
  • Sarkar, J. (2003). The History of Bengal II. Delhi: B R Publishing Corporation.
  • Sıddıquı, H. (2000). İlyasşâhîler, DİA, XXII, ss. 168.
  • Sirhindi, Y. (1932). The Tarikh-i-Mubarakshahi, (Basu, K. K. Çev.). Baroda: Baptist Mission Press.
  • Sohoni, S. (1955). Inscription of Mohammad-bin-Yusuf at Bediban. The Journal of The Bihar Research Society, XLI, 164-167.
  • Stapleton, H. (1923). Contributions to the History and Ethnology of North-eastern India. Journal & Proceedings of The Asiatic Society of Bengal, XVII, 407-430.
  • Stewart, C. (1813). The History of Bengal. London.
  • Tarafdar, M. (1965). Husain Shahi Bengal 1494-1538 A.D. Dacca: Asiatic Press.

BENGAL'S FIRST INDEPENDENT TURKISH ISLAMIC DYNASTY: THE ILYAS SHAHI

Year 2025, Volume: 24 Issue: 4, 2021 - 2036, 30.10.2025
https://doi.org/10.21547/jss.1616945

Abstract

Bengal, which has continuously played a decisive role in the history of Turkish civilization in India, saw the establishment of the first independent Turkish-Islamic dynasty, the Ilyas Shahi, in 1345, taking advantage of the power vacuum left by the Delhi Sultanate. The Ilyas Shahi dynasty, hich functioned as Bengal’s gateway to the outside World in both commercial and military terms, represents a period during which Bengal entered into interactions with various countries and began to expand its commercial activities. Moreover, this era is of great significance within the framework of both Indian and Bengali political history, as the persistent political power of the Ilyas Shahi dynasty continually unsettled the Delhi Sultan, Firuz Shah Tughlaq. The first commercial visits to Bengal most notably from China, but also from several other regions took place during the Ilyas Shahi period, creating the conditions for Bengal’s recognition abroad and facilitating the dissemination of its wealth to distant lands such as China. The absence of specialized research on the Ilyas Shahi dynasty in Turkey has made the study of this period, which constitutes a significant phase in the history of Turkish rule in India, all the more important. This study will be written in comparative perspective, based on numismatic records and works derived from primary sources, particularly those by European and local Indian historians. This research, which will constitute the first specialized study on the Ilyas Shahi dynasty, the first independent Turkish-Islamic dynasty of Bengal, will offer a perspective on the process of the establishment of Turkishness and Islam in the region. All these issues have been meticulously addressed from a chronological perspective, based on primary sources, with the aim of providing a foundation for future studies on the history of the Turkish presence in India.

References

  • Ahmed, N. (1927). Tabakat-ı Akbari I. (De, B. Çev.). Calcutta: Baptist Mission Press.
  • Ahmed, N. (1939). Tabakat-ı Akbari III. (De, B. Çev.). Calcutta: Baptist Mission Press.
  • Alam, K. (2006). Urbanization Under the Sultans of Bengal during 1203-1538 a.d., (Doktora Tezi). Aligarh Müslim Üniversitesi, Aligarh.
  • Allan, J. (1979). Tenke. İslâm Ansiklopedisi XII/1, İstanbul.
  • Banerjee, M. (1967). History of Firuz Shah Tughluq. Delhi: Munshiram Manoharlal.
  • Bayur, H. (1987). Hindistan Tarihi, I. Ankara: Türk Tarih Kurumu Basımevi.
  • Blochmann, H. (1968). Contributions to the Geography and History of Bengal (Muhammedan Period). Calcutta: Sree Saraswaty Press.
  • Choudhary, R. (1970). History of Muslim Rule in Tirhut (1206-1765). Varanasi: Vidyavilas Press.
  • Church, K. (2004). The Giraffe of Bengal: A Medieval Encounter in Ming China. The Medieval History Journal, 7(1), 1-37.
  • Cöhce, S. (2002). Hindistan’da Kurulan Türk Devletleri. Türkler Ansiklopedisi, VIII, s. 1199-1292.
  • El-Cüzcâni, M. (1970). Tabakât-ı Nâsırî I. (Raverty, Çev.), New Delhi: Oriental Books Reprint Corporation.
  • Durak, N. (2002). Hindistan’a Kuzeyden Yapılan Seferler. Ankara: Asam Yayınları.
  • Eaton, R. (1993). The Rise of Islam and the Bengal Frontier 1204-1760. London: University of California Press.
  • Faroqhi, S. (2024). Osmanlılar ve Bâbürlüler. (Yıldırım, Z. Çev.). İstanbul: Kronik Yayıncılık.
  • Ferişte, K. (1829). History of the Rise of the Mahomedan Power in India I (tarikh-i firishta). London.
  • Haig, W. (1928). The Kingdom of Bengal. W. Haig (Ed.). The Cambridge History of India, III (s. 260-276). Cambridge: The University Press.
  • Hasan, N. (1970). Bengal. Mohammad Habib - Khaliq Ahmad Nizami (Ed.). A Comprehensive History of India, V (s. 1135-1160). New Delhi: New Age Printing Press.
  • Husain, G. (2009). Riyazu-s-Salatin (A History of Bengal). Delhi: Jayyed Press.
  • Hussain, E. (2002). The Rise of Raja Ganesh in Medieval Bengal and Eaton’s Theory of the Crisis of Confidence: A Fresh Study. Proceedings of The Indian History Congress, 63, 272-280.
  • Jauhri, C. (2001). Medieval India in Transition: Tarih-i Firoz Shahi. New Delhi: Sundeep Prakashan.
  • Kansoy, U. (2018). Delhi Türk Sultanlığı’nda Ordu (1206-1414). Marmara Üniversitesi Türkiyat Araştırmaları Enstitüsü Doktora Tezi, İstanbul.
  • Karim, A. (1959). Social History of the Muslims in Bengal (down to a.d. 1538). Dacca: Paramount Press.
  • Koç, B. (2021). Delhi Türk Sultanlığında Tuğluklular Dönemi Siyasi Tarihi (1320-1414). Ankara: Türk Tarih Kurumu Yayınları.
  • Kortel, H. (2013). Zemindâr. DİA, XLIV, 238-239.
  • Laidlay, J. (1846). On The Coins of the Independent Muhammadan Sovereigns of Bengal. JASB XV, 323-333.
  • Ma Huan. (1970). Ying-yai sheng-lan “The Overall Survey of the Ocean’s Shores”. (Mills, J. V. G. Çev.). Cambridge: The University Press.
  • Majumdar, C. (1968). A Forgotten Episode in the Medieval History of Bengal. Annals of The Bhandarkar Oriental Research Institute, 48/49, 187-192.
  • Özel, T. (2023). İngiliz Doğu Hindistan şirketi. İstanbul: Vadi Yayınları.
  • Ray, B. (1967). Bengal. K. M. Munshi (Ed.). The Delhi Sultanate, (s. 193-220). Bombay.
  • Reza, M. (2020). Regime of Iliyas Shahi Dynasty Opening Bengal’s Window to Outer World. International Journal of Literature Arts Science and Culture, V, 168-185.
  • Sarkar, J. (2003). The History of Bengal II. Delhi: B R Publishing Corporation.
  • Sıddıquı, H. (2000). İlyasşâhîler, DİA, XXII, ss. 168.
  • Sirhindi, Y. (1932). The Tarikh-i-Mubarakshahi, (Basu, K. K. Çev.). Baroda: Baptist Mission Press.
  • Sohoni, S. (1955). Inscription of Mohammad-bin-Yusuf at Bediban. The Journal of The Bihar Research Society, XLI, 164-167.
  • Stapleton, H. (1923). Contributions to the History and Ethnology of North-eastern India. Journal & Proceedings of The Asiatic Society of Bengal, XVII, 407-430.
  • Stewart, C. (1813). The History of Bengal. London.
  • Tarafdar, M. (1965). Husain Shahi Bengal 1494-1538 A.D. Dacca: Asiatic Press.

BENGAL’İN İLK BAĞIMSIZ TÜRK İSLÂM HANEDANLIĞI: İLYASŞÂHÎLER

Year 2025, Volume: 24 Issue: 4, 2021 - 2036, 30.10.2025
https://doi.org/10.21547/jss.1616945

Abstract

Bengal’in, ilk bağımsız Türk İslâm Hanedanlığı olan İlyasşâhîler, Hindistan’daki Delhi Türk Sultanlığı’nın (1206-1414) otorite boşluğundan faydalanarak 1345 yılında teşekkül etmiştir. Bengal’in ticari ve askeri anlamda dış dünyaya açılan kapısı niteliğini taşıyan İlyasşâhî Hanedanlığı, çeşitli ülkelerle etkileşim içerisine girerek Bengal’in ticari faaliyetlerini artırmaya başladığı bir dönemdir. Ayrıca İlyasşâhî Hanedanlığı dönemi, devamlı olarak artan siyasi gücüyle Delhi Türk Sultanı Firuz Şah Tuğluk’u tedirgin eden bir dönem olması açısından hem Hindistan hem de Bengal siyasi tarihi çerçevesinde büyük önem taşımaktadır. Bengal’e ticari anlamda ilk ziyaretler başta Çin olmak üzere muhtelif ülke ve bölgelerden İlyasşâhî Hanedanlığı döneminde gerçekleşmiş, bu durum hem Bengal’in tanınmasına hem de ülkenin zenginliklerinin Çin gibi farklı coğrafyalara açılmasına ortam hazırlamıştır. İlyasşâhî Hanedanlığı üzerine Türkiye’de özel bir araştırma bulunmaması, Hindistan Türk Tarihi için önemli bir merhaleyi teşkil eden bu dönem hakkında çalışmayı önemli kılmıştır. Bu çalışma nümizmatik kayıtlardan elde edilen eserler, birinci elden kaynak niteliğinde bulunan eserler başta olmak üzere Avrupalı ve Hindistan yerel tarihçilerinin çalışmaları çerçevesinde mukayese ışığında kaleme alınacaktır. Bengal’in ilk bağımsız Türk İslâm Hanedanlığı olan İlyasşâhîler üzerine Türkiye’de icra edilen ilk özel çalışma niteliği taşıyacak olan bu araştırma, söz konusu bölgede Türklüğün ve İslâmiyet’in kök salma süreci üzerine bir bakış açısı geliştirecektir. Tüm bu meseleler, ana kaynaklar esas alınarak kronolojik açıdan titizlikle konu edinilmiş, Hindistan Türk Tarihine dair bundan sonra yapılacak çalışmalara ışık olması amaçlanmıştır.

References

  • Ahmed, N. (1927). Tabakat-ı Akbari I. (De, B. Çev.). Calcutta: Baptist Mission Press.
  • Ahmed, N. (1939). Tabakat-ı Akbari III. (De, B. Çev.). Calcutta: Baptist Mission Press.
  • Alam, K. (2006). Urbanization Under the Sultans of Bengal during 1203-1538 a.d., (Doktora Tezi). Aligarh Müslim Üniversitesi, Aligarh.
  • Allan, J. (1979). Tenke. İslâm Ansiklopedisi XII/1, İstanbul.
  • Banerjee, M. (1967). History of Firuz Shah Tughluq. Delhi: Munshiram Manoharlal.
  • Bayur, H. (1987). Hindistan Tarihi, I. Ankara: Türk Tarih Kurumu Basımevi.
  • Blochmann, H. (1968). Contributions to the Geography and History of Bengal (Muhammedan Period). Calcutta: Sree Saraswaty Press.
  • Choudhary, R. (1970). History of Muslim Rule in Tirhut (1206-1765). Varanasi: Vidyavilas Press.
  • Church, K. (2004). The Giraffe of Bengal: A Medieval Encounter in Ming China. The Medieval History Journal, 7(1), 1-37.
  • Cöhce, S. (2002). Hindistan’da Kurulan Türk Devletleri. Türkler Ansiklopedisi, VIII, s. 1199-1292.
  • El-Cüzcâni, M. (1970). Tabakât-ı Nâsırî I. (Raverty, Çev.), New Delhi: Oriental Books Reprint Corporation.
  • Durak, N. (2002). Hindistan’a Kuzeyden Yapılan Seferler. Ankara: Asam Yayınları.
  • Eaton, R. (1993). The Rise of Islam and the Bengal Frontier 1204-1760. London: University of California Press.
  • Faroqhi, S. (2024). Osmanlılar ve Bâbürlüler. (Yıldırım, Z. Çev.). İstanbul: Kronik Yayıncılık.
  • Ferişte, K. (1829). History of the Rise of the Mahomedan Power in India I (tarikh-i firishta). London.
  • Haig, W. (1928). The Kingdom of Bengal. W. Haig (Ed.). The Cambridge History of India, III (s. 260-276). Cambridge: The University Press.
  • Hasan, N. (1970). Bengal. Mohammad Habib - Khaliq Ahmad Nizami (Ed.). A Comprehensive History of India, V (s. 1135-1160). New Delhi: New Age Printing Press.
  • Husain, G. (2009). Riyazu-s-Salatin (A History of Bengal). Delhi: Jayyed Press.
  • Hussain, E. (2002). The Rise of Raja Ganesh in Medieval Bengal and Eaton’s Theory of the Crisis of Confidence: A Fresh Study. Proceedings of The Indian History Congress, 63, 272-280.
  • Jauhri, C. (2001). Medieval India in Transition: Tarih-i Firoz Shahi. New Delhi: Sundeep Prakashan.
  • Kansoy, U. (2018). Delhi Türk Sultanlığı’nda Ordu (1206-1414). Marmara Üniversitesi Türkiyat Araştırmaları Enstitüsü Doktora Tezi, İstanbul.
  • Karim, A. (1959). Social History of the Muslims in Bengal (down to a.d. 1538). Dacca: Paramount Press.
  • Koç, B. (2021). Delhi Türk Sultanlığında Tuğluklular Dönemi Siyasi Tarihi (1320-1414). Ankara: Türk Tarih Kurumu Yayınları.
  • Kortel, H. (2013). Zemindâr. DİA, XLIV, 238-239.
  • Laidlay, J. (1846). On The Coins of the Independent Muhammadan Sovereigns of Bengal. JASB XV, 323-333.
  • Ma Huan. (1970). Ying-yai sheng-lan “The Overall Survey of the Ocean’s Shores”. (Mills, J. V. G. Çev.). Cambridge: The University Press.
  • Majumdar, C. (1968). A Forgotten Episode in the Medieval History of Bengal. Annals of The Bhandarkar Oriental Research Institute, 48/49, 187-192.
  • Özel, T. (2023). İngiliz Doğu Hindistan şirketi. İstanbul: Vadi Yayınları.
  • Ray, B. (1967). Bengal. K. M. Munshi (Ed.). The Delhi Sultanate, (s. 193-220). Bombay.
  • Reza, M. (2020). Regime of Iliyas Shahi Dynasty Opening Bengal’s Window to Outer World. International Journal of Literature Arts Science and Culture, V, 168-185.
  • Sarkar, J. (2003). The History of Bengal II. Delhi: B R Publishing Corporation.
  • Sıddıquı, H. (2000). İlyasşâhîler, DİA, XXII, ss. 168.
  • Sirhindi, Y. (1932). The Tarikh-i-Mubarakshahi, (Basu, K. K. Çev.). Baroda: Baptist Mission Press.
  • Sohoni, S. (1955). Inscription of Mohammad-bin-Yusuf at Bediban. The Journal of The Bihar Research Society, XLI, 164-167.
  • Stapleton, H. (1923). Contributions to the History and Ethnology of North-eastern India. Journal & Proceedings of The Asiatic Society of Bengal, XVII, 407-430.
  • Stewart, C. (1813). The History of Bengal. London.
  • Tarafdar, M. (1965). Husain Shahi Bengal 1494-1538 A.D. Dacca: Asiatic Press.
There are 37 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language Turkish
Subjects General Turkish History (Other)
Journal Section History
Authors

Enes Fırat Önel 0000-0003-1662-0442

Publication Date October 30, 2025
Submission Date January 10, 2025
Acceptance Date September 3, 2025
Published in Issue Year 2025 Volume: 24 Issue: 4

Cite

APA Önel, E. F. (2025). BENGAL’İN İLK BAĞIMSIZ TÜRK İSLÂM HANEDANLIĞI: İLYASŞÂHÎLER. Gaziantep Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi, 24(4), 2021-2036. https://doi.org/10.21547/jss.1616945