Adapted Games for the Development of Gross Motor and Manipulative Skills of Primary School Children with Down Syndrome

Abstract

Among the single-subject research models, the single-start, multiple-probe across-behavior model was used. The population of the research consists of children with down syndrome between the ages of six (6) and ten (10) living in Isparta. The sample of the research was created with two (2) children determined by simple random sampling method from among the families that constitute the population and agreed to participate in the research voluntarily. The research lasted seventeen (17) weeks in total. The children participating in the research were able to walk to the determined target in accordance with the tempo, to run to the determined target in accordance with the tempo, to walk between obstacles, to run through obstacles, to walk on a balance board, to jump from the step board to the ground with two feet, to jump from the ground to the step board with two feet, to reach the target with both hands. It is aimed to develop the skills of throwing the ball, throwing the ball to the target with the right hand, and throwing the ball to the target with the left hand. A behavior observation form was used to collect data. The data obtained at the end of the application was analyzed by showing it on a graph. The data obtained in the research were converted into line graphs. It was concluded that children learn simple movements faster than complex movements. It was concluded that the adapted game-based movement training program was effective in the development of psychomotor skills of children with Down syndrome.

Keywords

• Down syndrom
• Educational game
• Education

İlkokul Çağındaki Down Sendromlu Çocukların Kaba Motor ve Manipülatif Becerilerinin Geliştirilmesinde Uyarlanmış Oyunlar

Öz

Tek denekli araştırma modellerinden tekli başlangıç, davranışlar arası çoklu yoklama modeli kullanılmıştır. Araştırmanın evrenini, Isparta ilinde yaşayan, altı (6) ile on (10) yaş aralığındaki down sendromlu çocuklar oluşturmaktadır. Araştırmanın örneklemi ise, evreni oluşturan ve araştırmaya gönüllü olarak katılmayı kabul eden ailelerin arasından basit tesadüfi örnekleme yöntemiyle belirlenen iki (2) çocuk ile oluşturulmuştur. Araştırma toplamda on yedi (17) hafta sürmüştür. Araştırmaya katılan çocukların, belirlenen hedefe tempoya uygun yürüme, belirlenen hedefe tempoya uygun koşma, engellerin arasından yürüme, engellerin arasından koşma, denge tahtası üzerinde yürüme, çift ayak ile step tahtasının üzerinden yere sıçrama, çift ayak ile yerden step tahtasının üzerine sıçrama, hedefe çift elle top atma, hedefe sağ el ile top atma, hedefe sol el ile top atma becerilerinin geliştirilmesi hedeflenmiştir. Verilerin toplanmasında davranış gözlem formu kullanılmıştır. Uygulama sonunda elde edilen veriler, grafik üzerinde gösterilerek analiz edilmiştir. Araştırmada elde edilen veriler çizgi grafiğe dönüştürülmüştür. Çocukların yaşı basit hareketleri karmaşık hareketlere göre daha çabuk öğrendikleri sonucuna varılmıştır. Uyarlanmış oyun temelli hareket eğitim programının down sendromlu çocukların psikomotor becerilerinin gelişiminde etkili olduğu sonucuna ulaşılmıştır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Down sendrom
• Eğitsel oyun
• Eğitim

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