Spor Lisesi Öğrencilerinin Bilişsel Esneklik ve Spor Kaygı Düzeylerinin İncelenmesi: Kesitsel Bir Çalışma

Öz

Bu çalışmada, spor liselerinde öğrenim gören öğrencilerin bilişsel esneklik ve spor kaygı düzeylerinin eğitim gördükleri spor branşlarına göre incelenmesi amaçlanmıştır. Araştırmaya Osmaniye ili spor lisesi öğrencilerinden 138 erkek ve 102 kadın öğrenci olmak üzere toplamda 240 öğrenci katılmıştır. Çalışmada öğrencilerin bilişsel esneklik düzeylerinin belirlenmesi amacıyla Bilişsel Esneklik Ölçeği ve spor kaygı düzeylerinin belirlenmesi amacıyla Spor Kaygı Ölçeği kullanılmıştır. Verilerin istatistiksel analizi, tanımlayıcı istatistikler, parametrik olmayan hipotez testleri (Mann-Whitney U, Kruskal Wallis H testi) ve korelasyon analizleri (Spearman’ın Sıra Fark Korelasyon Katsayısı) ile gerçekleştirilmiştir. Çalışmanın bulgularından ilki olarak, öğrencilerin bilişsel esneklik becerileri ile spor kaygı düzeyleri arasında pozitif ya da negatif bir ilişki bulunmamıştır. İkinci bulgu olarak, öğrencilerin bilişsel esneklik düzeyleri cinsiyet ve spor branşı değişkenlerine göre istatistiksel olarak anlamlı farklık göstermektedir. Kız öğrencilerin bilişsel esneklik düzeyleri erkek öğrencilerde göre daha yüksektir. Bilişsel esneklik düzeyi ortalaması futbolcularda en düşük, basketbolcularda en yüksektir. Çalışmanın önemli bulgularından biri, öğrencilerin spor kaygı düzeyleri sınıf arttıkça 1. sınıftan 4. sınıfa doğru kademeli olarak artmaktadır. Spor kaygısı, özellikle ergenlik çağındaki sporcularda spor performansını olumsuz etkileyen önemli faktörlerden biridir. Bu nedenle özellikle ergenlik çağındaki sporcularda spor kaygısını azaltmak ve ruhsal sağlıklarını iyileştirmek için yeni stratejiler geliştirmek oldukça önemlidir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Bilişsel esneklik
• Lise
• Öğrenci
• Sporda kaygı

Cognitive Flexibility and Sports Anxiety Among Turkish Sports High School Students: A Cross-sectional Study

Abstract

The present study aimed to examine the cognitive flexibility and sports anxiety levels of students in a sports high school in Turkey according to the sports branch in which they were trained. The study sample comprised 240 athletes (male n=138; female n=102) from a sports high school in Osmaniye province, Turkey. Each athlete’s cognitive flexibility and sports anxiety levels were examined using the Cognitive Flexibility Scale (CFS) and Sports Anxiety Scale (SAS-2), respectively. Descriptive statistics, nonparametric hypothesis tests (Mann-Whitney U and Kruskal-Wallis H tests), and correlation analysis (Spearman’s Rank Difference Correlation Coefficient) were used for data analyses. One finding of the study was that there was no positive or negative association between student athletes’ cognitive flexibility skills and sports anxiety levels. Second finding was student athletes’ cognitive flexibility levels were statistically significantly different in terms of gender and branch of sports (p<0.05). The cognitive flexibility levels of female athletes were higher than those of male athletes. The mean value of the cognitive flexibility level was lowest in football players and highest in basketball players. One important finding of the study was that the sports anxiety levels of student athletes increased progressively as the school year increase from 1st grade to 4th grade. The sports anxiety is an important factor that negatively affects athletes’ performance, especially in the adolescent athletes. Thus, it is crucial to develop new strategies to reduce sports anxiety among adolescent student athletes and increase their mental health.

Keywords

• Cognitive flexibility
• High school
• Student
• Sport anxiety

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