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Hypothetical Approach to the Location of Genotypes (ACE & ACTN3) Associated with Energy Systems for the Athletic Performance

Year 2018, Volume: 3 Issue: 1, 97 - 105, 30.01.2018
https://doi.org/10.25307/jssr.421427

Abstract

This study has been done in order to reveal the theoretical approach about the energy corridor or pathway (the ability space in which every genotype is dominant) used by gene variables during the exercise or the training and the construction of the training loads related to the mentioned corridor.

In this study, under the umbrella of the studies having been done about genetic and sportive performance development so far, detailed literatüre review method has beeen utilized. Within the scope of this research, by analizing similar research found in literatüre, they have been interpreted and evaluated as goal-oriented.

The “model of the location of genotypes associated with the energy systems” will be a beneficial tool for the athletes and trainers for creating, establishing, constructing or organizing a training program or individiual oriented training programs.

Conclusion; genetic heritage, which triggers sport success, is blended with environmental factors, life style, application of the trainings, coverage and intensity of the loads, development of neuromotor, balanced nourishment and cultural differences and it reveals changes or differentiations which are peculiar to the individual. When all of these variables are considered, the performance development and sport success may be aligned to more foreseeable trajectories.

References

  • Ahmetov, I. I., Vinogradova, O. L., & Williams, A. G. (2012). Gene polymorphisms and fiber-type composition of human skeletal muscle. International Journal of Sport Nutrition and Exercise Metabolism, 22(4), 292-303. [Available online at: https://pdfs.semanticscholar.org].
  • Bouchard, C. (2012). Genomic predictors of trainability. Experimental Physiology, 97(3), 347–52. DOI:10.1113/expphysiol.2011.058735.
  • Cerit, M. (2006). Relationship between ace genotypes and short duration aerobic performance development. PhD Thesis, Institute of Health Sciences, Sport Sciences Division, Ege University, Izmir, Turkey.
  • Cerit, M., Colakoglu, M., Erdogan, M., Berdeli, A., & Cam, F. S. (2006). Relationship between ace genotype and short duration aerobic performance development. European Journal of Applied Physiology, 98(5), 461-465. DOI:10.1007/s00421-006-0286-6.
  • Colakoglu, M., Cam, F. S., Kayitken, B., Cetinoz, F., Colakoglu, S., Turkmen, M., & Sayin, M. (2005). ACE genotype may have an effect on single vs multiple set preferences in strength training. European Journal of Applied Physiology, 95(1), 20-27.
  • Kenney, L., Wilmore, J., & Costill, D. (2012). Physiology of sport and exercise (5th ed). USA: Human Kinetics. pp. 41-42
  • Farrell, P.A., Joyner, M.J., & Caiozzo, V.J. (2012). ACSM’s Advanced exercise physiology (2nd ed). Hong Kong: Wolters Kluwer. pp. 39-40.
  • Gibson, W. T. (2009). Key concepts in human genetics: understanding the complex phenotype. Medicine and Sport Science Journal, 54, 1-10. DOI:10.1159/000235693.
  • Goļeva, F. S. (2015). Genotype frequency distribution of ACE I/D and ACTN3 R577X polymorphisms in the Norwegian population. Do ACE I/D and ACTN3 R577X polymorphisms influence self-reported physical activity levels. Master’s Thesis in Environmental Health and Science. [Available online at: https://brage.bibsys.no/xmlui/handle/1].
  • Guilherme, F., Tritto, C., North, N., Lancha, H., & Artioli, G. (2014). Genetics and sport performance: Current challenges and directions to the future. The Revista Brasileira de Educação Física e Esporte, 28(1), 177-93. [Available online at: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script].
  • Guth, L.M., & Roth, S.M. (2013). Genetic influence on athletic performance. Current Opinion in Pediatrics, 25(6), 653-658. DOI:10.1097/MOP.0b013e3283659087.
  • Hubal, M. J., Urso, M. L., & Clarkson, P, M. (2011). Genetic aspects of muscular strength and size. In: Pescatello L., Roth S. (eds) Exercise Genomics. Humana Press. DOI: 10.1007/978-1-60761-355-8_7.
  • Kraemer, W.J., Fleck, S.J., & Deschenes, M.R. (2012). Exercise physiology (1st ed). Baltimore: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. pp. 75-78.
  • Ma, F., Yang, Y., Li, X., Zhou, F., & Gao, C. (2013). The association of sport performance with ACE and ACTN3 genetic polymorphisms, a systematic review and meta-analysis. PloS one, 8(1), 1-9. DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.
  • Magi, A., Unt, E., Prans, E., Raus, L., Eha, J., Verekasits, A., Kingo, K., & Köks, S. (2016). The association analysis between ACE and ACTN3 genes polymorphisms and endurance capacity in young cross-country skiers. Journal of Sports Science Medicine, 15(2), 287–294. [Available online at: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed].
  • Orysiak, J., Zmijewski, P., Klusiewicz, A., Kaliszewski, P., Malczewska-Lenczowska, J., Gajewski, J., & Pokrywka, A. (2013). The association between ace gene variation and aerobic capacity in winter endurance disciplines. Biology of Sport Journal, 30(4): 249-53. DOI: 10.5604/20831862.1077549.
  • Papadimitriou, I. D., Lucia, A., Pitsiladis, Y. P. Pushkarev, V. P., Dyallov, D. A., & Orekhov, E. P. (2016). ACTN3 R577X and ACE I/D gene variants influence performance in elite sprinters: a multi-cohort study. BMC Genomics, 13 (17), 285. DOI: 10.1186/s12864-016-2462-3.
  • Pitsiladis, Y., Wang, G., & Wolfarth, B. (2011). Genomics of aerobic capacity and endurance performance: clinical implications In: Pescatello, L.S. and Roth, S.M., eds. Exercise Genomics. Molecular and Translational Medicine Series. New York: Humana Press. pp. 179-230. ISBN 9781607613541.
  • Plowman, S.A., & Smith, D.L. (2011). Exercise physiology for health, fitness and performance (3rd ed). Baltimore: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. pp.70-71.
  • Rigat, B., Hubert, C., Corvol, P., & Soubrier, F. (1992). PCR detection of the insertion/deletion polymorphism of the human angiotensin converting enzyme gene (DCP1) (dipeptidyl carboxypeptidase 1). Nucleic Acids Res, 20(6), 1433. DOI: 10.1093/nar/20.6.1433-a.
  • Yamak, B., Yüce, M., & Bağcı, H., Imamoğlu, H. (2015). Association between sport performance and alpha-actinin-3 gene R577X polymorphism. International Journal of Human Genetics, 15(1), 13-19. DOI: 10.1080/09723757.2015.11886246.
  • Yang, N., Macarthur, D. G., Gulbin, J. P., Hahn, A. G., Beggs, A. H., Easteal, S., & North, K. (2003). ACTN3 genotype is associated with human elite athletic performance. American Journal of Human Genetics, 73(3), 627-631. DOI:10.1086/377590.

Hypothetical Approach to the Location of Genotypes (ACE & ACTN3) Associated with Energy Systems for the Athletic Performance

Year 2018, Volume: 3 Issue: 1, 97 - 105, 30.01.2018
https://doi.org/10.25307/jssr.421427

Abstract

This study has been done in order to reveal the theoretical approach about the energy corridor or pathway (the ability space in which every genotype is dominant) used by gene variables during the exercise or the training and the construction of the training loads related to the mentioned corridor.

In this study, under the umbrella of the studies having been done about genetic and sportive performance development so far, detailed literatüre review method has beeen utilized. Within the scope of this research, by analizing similar research found in literatüre, they have been interpreted and evaluated as goal-oriented.

The “model of the location of genotypes associated with the energy systems” will be a beneficial tool for the athletes and trainers for creating, establishing, constructing or organizing a training program or individiual oriented training programs.







Conclusion; genetic heritage, which triggers sport success, is blended with environmental factors, life style, application of the trainings, coverage and intensity of the loads, development of neuromotor, balanced nourishment and cultural differences and it reveals changes or differentiations which are peculiar to the individual. When all of these variables are considered, the performance development and sport success may be aligned to more foreseeable trajectories.

References

  • Ahmetov, I. I., Vinogradova, O. L., & Williams, A. G. (2012). Gene polymorphisms and fiber-type composition of human skeletal muscle. International Journal of Sport Nutrition and Exercise Metabolism, 22(4), 292-303. [Available online at: https://pdfs.semanticscholar.org].
  • Bouchard, C. (2012). Genomic predictors of trainability. Experimental Physiology, 97(3), 347–52. DOI:10.1113/expphysiol.2011.058735.
  • Cerit, M. (2006). Relationship between ace genotypes and short duration aerobic performance development. PhD Thesis, Institute of Health Sciences, Sport Sciences Division, Ege University, Izmir, Turkey.
  • Cerit, M., Colakoglu, M., Erdogan, M., Berdeli, A., & Cam, F. S. (2006). Relationship between ace genotype and short duration aerobic performance development. European Journal of Applied Physiology, 98(5), 461-465. DOI:10.1007/s00421-006-0286-6.
  • Colakoglu, M., Cam, F. S., Kayitken, B., Cetinoz, F., Colakoglu, S., Turkmen, M., & Sayin, M. (2005). ACE genotype may have an effect on single vs multiple set preferences in strength training. European Journal of Applied Physiology, 95(1), 20-27.
  • Kenney, L., Wilmore, J., & Costill, D. (2012). Physiology of sport and exercise (5th ed). USA: Human Kinetics. pp. 41-42
  • Farrell, P.A., Joyner, M.J., & Caiozzo, V.J. (2012). ACSM’s Advanced exercise physiology (2nd ed). Hong Kong: Wolters Kluwer. pp. 39-40.
  • Gibson, W. T. (2009). Key concepts in human genetics: understanding the complex phenotype. Medicine and Sport Science Journal, 54, 1-10. DOI:10.1159/000235693.
  • Goļeva, F. S. (2015). Genotype frequency distribution of ACE I/D and ACTN3 R577X polymorphisms in the Norwegian population. Do ACE I/D and ACTN3 R577X polymorphisms influence self-reported physical activity levels. Master’s Thesis in Environmental Health and Science. [Available online at: https://brage.bibsys.no/xmlui/handle/1].
  • Guilherme, F., Tritto, C., North, N., Lancha, H., & Artioli, G. (2014). Genetics and sport performance: Current challenges and directions to the future. The Revista Brasileira de Educação Física e Esporte, 28(1), 177-93. [Available online at: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script].
  • Guth, L.M., & Roth, S.M. (2013). Genetic influence on athletic performance. Current Opinion in Pediatrics, 25(6), 653-658. DOI:10.1097/MOP.0b013e3283659087.
  • Hubal, M. J., Urso, M. L., & Clarkson, P, M. (2011). Genetic aspects of muscular strength and size. In: Pescatello L., Roth S. (eds) Exercise Genomics. Humana Press. DOI: 10.1007/978-1-60761-355-8_7.
  • Kraemer, W.J., Fleck, S.J., & Deschenes, M.R. (2012). Exercise physiology (1st ed). Baltimore: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. pp. 75-78.
  • Ma, F., Yang, Y., Li, X., Zhou, F., & Gao, C. (2013). The association of sport performance with ACE and ACTN3 genetic polymorphisms, a systematic review and meta-analysis. PloS one, 8(1), 1-9. DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.
  • Magi, A., Unt, E., Prans, E., Raus, L., Eha, J., Verekasits, A., Kingo, K., & Köks, S. (2016). The association analysis between ACE and ACTN3 genes polymorphisms and endurance capacity in young cross-country skiers. Journal of Sports Science Medicine, 15(2), 287–294. [Available online at: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed].
  • Orysiak, J., Zmijewski, P., Klusiewicz, A., Kaliszewski, P., Malczewska-Lenczowska, J., Gajewski, J., & Pokrywka, A. (2013). The association between ace gene variation and aerobic capacity in winter endurance disciplines. Biology of Sport Journal, 30(4): 249-53. DOI: 10.5604/20831862.1077549.
  • Papadimitriou, I. D., Lucia, A., Pitsiladis, Y. P. Pushkarev, V. P., Dyallov, D. A., & Orekhov, E. P. (2016). ACTN3 R577X and ACE I/D gene variants influence performance in elite sprinters: a multi-cohort study. BMC Genomics, 13 (17), 285. DOI: 10.1186/s12864-016-2462-3.
  • Pitsiladis, Y., Wang, G., & Wolfarth, B. (2011). Genomics of aerobic capacity and endurance performance: clinical implications In: Pescatello, L.S. and Roth, S.M., eds. Exercise Genomics. Molecular and Translational Medicine Series. New York: Humana Press. pp. 179-230. ISBN 9781607613541.
  • Plowman, S.A., & Smith, D.L. (2011). Exercise physiology for health, fitness and performance (3rd ed). Baltimore: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. pp.70-71.
  • Rigat, B., Hubert, C., Corvol, P., & Soubrier, F. (1992). PCR detection of the insertion/deletion polymorphism of the human angiotensin converting enzyme gene (DCP1) (dipeptidyl carboxypeptidase 1). Nucleic Acids Res, 20(6), 1433. DOI: 10.1093/nar/20.6.1433-a.
  • Yamak, B., Yüce, M., & Bağcı, H., Imamoğlu, H. (2015). Association between sport performance and alpha-actinin-3 gene R577X polymorphism. International Journal of Human Genetics, 15(1), 13-19. DOI: 10.1080/09723757.2015.11886246.
  • Yang, N., Macarthur, D. G., Gulbin, J. P., Hahn, A. G., Beggs, A. H., Easteal, S., & North, K. (2003). ACTN3 genotype is associated with human elite athletic performance. American Journal of Human Genetics, 73(3), 627-631. DOI:10.1086/377590.
There are 22 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language English
Subjects Sports Medicine
Journal Section Original Article
Authors

Mesut Cerit 0000-0001-6910-4770

Publication Date January 30, 2018
Acceptance Date June 19, 2018
Published in Issue Year 2018 Volume: 3 Issue: 1

Cite

APA Cerit, M. (2018). Hypothetical Approach to the Location of Genotypes (ACE & ACTN3) Associated with Energy Systems for the Athletic Performance. Journal of Sport Sciences Research, 3(1), 97-105. https://doi.org/10.25307/jssr.421427
AMA Cerit M. Hypothetical Approach to the Location of Genotypes (ACE & ACTN3) Associated with Energy Systems for the Athletic Performance. JSSR. January 2018;3(1):97-105. doi:10.25307/jssr.421427
Chicago Cerit, Mesut. “Hypothetical Approach to the Location of Genotypes (ACE & ACTN3) Associated With Energy Systems for the Athletic Performance”. Journal of Sport Sciences Research 3, no. 1 (January 2018): 97-105. https://doi.org/10.25307/jssr.421427.
EndNote Cerit M (January 1, 2018) Hypothetical Approach to the Location of Genotypes (ACE & ACTN3) Associated with Energy Systems for the Athletic Performance. Journal of Sport Sciences Research 3 1 97–105.
IEEE M. Cerit, “Hypothetical Approach to the Location of Genotypes (ACE & ACTN3) Associated with Energy Systems for the Athletic Performance”, JSSR, vol. 3, no. 1, pp. 97–105, 2018, doi: 10.25307/jssr.421427.
ISNAD Cerit, Mesut. “Hypothetical Approach to the Location of Genotypes (ACE & ACTN3) Associated With Energy Systems for the Athletic Performance”. Journal of Sport Sciences Research 3/1 (January 2018), 97-105. https://doi.org/10.25307/jssr.421427.
JAMA Cerit M. Hypothetical Approach to the Location of Genotypes (ACE & ACTN3) Associated with Energy Systems for the Athletic Performance. JSSR. 2018;3:97–105.
MLA Cerit, Mesut. “Hypothetical Approach to the Location of Genotypes (ACE & ACTN3) Associated With Energy Systems for the Athletic Performance”. Journal of Sport Sciences Research, vol. 3, no. 1, 2018, pp. 97-105, doi:10.25307/jssr.421427.
Vancouver Cerit M. Hypothetical Approach to the Location of Genotypes (ACE & ACTN3) Associated with Energy Systems for the Athletic Performance. JSSR. 2018;3(1):97-105.

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