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The Journey of Female Athletes: Overcoming Barriers and Exploring Motivations - An In-Depth Examination of Emotional Experiences

Year 2025, Volume: 10 Issue: 2, 163 - 185, 30.06.2025
https://doi.org/10.25307/jssr.1568130

Abstract

This study explores the motivations, challenges, and emotional experiences of seven female athletes involved in various sports disciplines at Nevşehir Hacı Bektaş Veli University. The research gathers data through individual interviews with successful female athletes who offer in-depth insights into their experiences. The study employs a phenomenological qualitative research design. The focus of the study is on the phenomena of female athletes' sports motivations, barriers, and emotional experiences, with the data analyzed using traditional content analysis. Key themes include intrinsic and extrinsic motivations, societal challenges, emotional responses to gender stereotypes, and the role of family and social support systems. To further explore the athletes' emotions, NRC (National Research Council) sentiment analysis was used, which analyzes eight primary emotions and polarity intensity mapping to examine emotional tendencies. Despite facing societal and gender-based barriers, the athletes demonstrated resilience and expressed positive emotions such as joy, trust, and empowerment. The study emphasizes the need to develop targeted strategies to help female athletes overcome challenges and increase their long-term participation in competitive sports. The findings aim to contribute to discussions on gender equality in sports and provide valuable insights into how elite female athletes navigate gendered expectations in the sports world.

References

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Year 2025, Volume: 10 Issue: 2, 163 - 185, 30.06.2025
https://doi.org/10.25307/jssr.1568130

Abstract

References

  • Abadi, E., & Gill, D. L. (2020). The role of socializing agents on dropout and continuing participation of adolescent girls in masculine-typed sports. International Journal of Kinesiology in Higher Education, 4(3), 77-90. [Crossref]
  • Abbasi, I. N. (2014). Socio-cultural barriers to attaining recommended levels of physical activity among females: A review of literature. Quest, 66(4), 448-467. [Crossref]
  • Akelaitis, A. V., & Malinauskas, R. K. (2018). The expression of emotional skills among individual and team sports male athletes. Pedagogics, psychology, medical-biological problems of physical training and sports, (2), 62-67. [Crossref]
  • Asghar, A., Batool, H., & Arsh, S. (2024). Socio-Economic Factors Affecting Women’s Participation in Sports Activities in Lahore. Bulletin of Business and Economics (BBE), 13(1). [Crossref]
  • Beshārat, M., & Pourbohlool, S. (2011). Moderating effects of self-confidence and sport self-efficacy on the relationship between competitive anxiety and sport performance. Psychology, 02(07), 760-765. [Crossref]
  • Bostancı, Ö., Karaduman, E., & Mayda, M. H. (2019). Investigation of self confidence levels in elite extreme athletes. Physical education of students, 23(3), 106-111. [Crossref]
  • Burton, L. J. (2015). Underrepresentation of women in sport leadership: A review of research. Sport Management Review, 18(2), 155-165. [Crossref]
  • Carratalá-Bellod, H., Buendía Ramón, V., & Guzmán Luján, J. F. (2022). Predictors of academic and sports commitment in adolescent women: Cluster analysis using ANN-SOM. Journal of Sport and Health Research, 14(3), 511-526. [Crossref]
  • Chun, D. R., Lee, M. Y., Kim, S. W., Cho, E. Y., & Lee, B. H. (2022). The mediated effect of sports confidence on competitive state anxiety and perceived performance of basketball game. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 20(1), Article 334. [Crossref]
  • Chung, H. J., Lim, Y. Y., & Sumartiningsih, S. (2022). A Journey of Continuous Commitment to Martial Arts in Alumni Karate Practitioners. ACPES Journal of Physical Education, Sport and Health (AJPESH), 2(1), 1-8. [Crossref]
  • Creswell, J. W., & Creswell, J. D. (2017). Research design: Qualitative, quantitative and mixed methods approaches. Sage publications.
  • Dakic, J. G., Hay-Smith, J., Lin, K. Y., Cook, J., & Frawley, H. C. (2023). Experience of playing sport or exercising for women with pelvic floor symptoms: A qualitative study. Sports Medicine-Open, 9(1), Article 25. [Crossref]
  • Daniels, E., & Leaper, C. (2006). A longitudinal investigation of sport participation, peer acceptance and self-esteem among adolescent girls and boys. Sex roles, 55, 875-880. [Crossref]
  • Drummond, M., Drummond, C., Elliott, S., Prichard, I., Pennesi, J. L., Lewis, L. K., ... & Bevan, N. (2022). Girls and young women in community sport: A South Australian perspective. Frontiers in Sports and Active Living, 3, Article 803487. [Crossref]
  • Duffey, K., Barbosa, A., Whiting, S., Mendes, R., Yordi Aguirre, I., Tcymbal, A., ... & Breda, J. (2021). Barriers and facilitators of physical activity participation in adolescent girls: A systematic review of systematic reviews. Frontiers in Public Health, 9, Article 743935. [Crossref]
  • Eime, R. M., Young, J. A., Harvey, J. T., Charity, M. J., & Payne, W. R. (2013). A systematic review of the psychological and social benefits of participation in sport for children and adolescents: Informing development of a conceptual model of health through sport. International Journal of Behavioral Nutrition and Physical Activity, 10, Article 98. [Crossref]
  • Embregts, P. J., Tournier, T., & Frielink, N. (2021). Experiences and needs of direct support staff working with people with intellectual disabilities during the COVID‐19 pandemic: A thematic analysis. Journal of Applied Research in Intellectual Disabilities, 34(2), 480-490. [Crossref]
  • Esin, İ., & Bayköse, N. (2023). Spora katılımda aile: Sporcu ebeveynliği hakkında bir derleme çalışması. Uluslararası Türk Spor ve Egzersiz Psikolojisi Dergisi, 3(1), 29-45. [Crossref]
  • Farzaneh, S., Ezabadi, R. R., Rad, S. S. K., Marandi, P. K., & Ranawat, V. (2021). Identifying Barriers to Women's Participation in Sports Activities in both Urban and Rural Communities. International Journal of Human Movement and Sports Sciences, 9(3), 536-542. [Crossref]
  • Ferguson, L. J., Kowalski, K. C., Mack, D. E., & Sabiston, C. M. (2014). Exploring self-compassion and eudaimonic well-being in young women athletes. Journal of Sport and Exercise Psychology, 36(2), 203-216. [Crossref]
  • Grandiere Perez, L., Allavena, C., Sécher, S., Durand, S., Grégoire, A., Vandamme, Y. M., ... & Billaud, E. (2022). Sport and self-esteem in people living with HIV: A cross-sectional study. BMC Infectious Diseases, 22(1), Article 858. [Crossref]
  • Guddal, M. H., Stensland, S. Ø., Småstuen, M. C., Johnsen, M. B., Zwart, J. A., & Storheim, K. (2019). Physical activity and sport participation among adolescents: associations with mental health in different age groups. Results from the Young-HUNT study: A cross-sectional survey. BMJ open, 9(9), e028555. [Crossref]
  • Hanlon, C., Millar, P., Doherty, A., & Craike, M. (2022). Building capacity of community sport clubs to increase female participation. Leisure Sciences, 44(7), 827-846. [Crossref]
  • Hayoz, C., Klostermann, C., Schmid, J., Schlesinger, T., & Nagel, S. (2019). Intergenerational transfer of a sports-related lifestyle within the family. International Review for the Sociology of Sport, 54(2), 182-198. [Crossref]
  • Hillsdon, M., Thorogood, M., White, I., & Foster, C. (2002). Advising people to take more exercise is ineffective: a randomized controlled trial of physical activity promotion in primary care. International journal of epidemiology, 31(4), 808-815. [Crossref]
  • Hopkins, C. S., Hopkins, C., Kanny, S., & Watson, A. (2022). A systematic review of factors associated with sport participation among adolescent females. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 19(6), Article 3353. [Crossref]
  • Huang, H. C., Liu, L. W., Chang, C. M., Hsieh, H. H., & Lu, H. C. (2019). The effects of locus of control, agents of socialization and sport socialization situations on the sports participation of women in Taiwan. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 16(10), Article 1841. [Crossref]
  • Jiang, X. (2019). Sports industry development: New opportunities and challenges. Sports Science, 39(07), 3-11. [Crossref]
  • Joseph, R. P., Ainsworth, B. E., Keller, C., & Dodgson, J. E. (2015). Barriers to physical activity among African American women: an integrative review of the literature. Women & Health, 55(6), 679-699. [Crossref]
  • Kaman, M. B., Gündüz, N., & Gevat, C. (2017). Tenis sporcularının spora katılım motivasyonlarının incelenmesi. Spormetre Beden Eğitimi ve Spor Bilimleri Dergisi, 15(2), 65-72. [Crossref]
  • Karagün, E. (2014). Self-confidence level in professional athletes; an examination of exposure to violence, branch and socio-demographic aspects. Journal of Human Sciences, 11(2), 744-753. [Crossref]
  • Keikelame, M. J., & Swartz, L. (2016). “It is always HIV/AIDS and TB”: Home-based carers’ perspectives on epilepsy in Cape Town, South Africa. International Journal of Qualitative Studies on Health and Well-being, 11(1), Article 30213. [Crossref]
  • Kilpatrick, M., Hebert, E., & Bartholomew, J. (2005). College students' motivation for physical activity: differentiating men's and women's motives for sport participation and exercise. Journal of American college health, 54(2), 87-94. [Crossref]
  • Koca, C. (2006). Beden eğitimi ve spor alanında toplumsal cinsiyet ilişkileri. Spor Bilimleri Dergisi, 17(2), 81-99.
  • Koehn, S., Pearce, A. J., & Morris, T. (2013). The integrated model of sport confidence: A canonical correlation and mediational analysis. Journal of sport and exercise psychology, 35(6), 644-654. [Crossref]
  • Kopp, A., & Jekauc, D. (2018). The influence of emotional intelligence on performance in competitive sports: A meta-analytical investigation. Sports, 6(4), Article 175. [Crossref]
  • Kraft, E., Culver, D. M., & Din, C. (2020). Exploring a women-only training program for coach developers. Women in Sport and Physical Activity Journal, 28(2), 173-179. [Crossref]
  • Laar, R. A., Ashraf, M. A., Zhou, S., Zhang, L., & Zhong, Z. (2022). Assessing the Association Between Pakistani Women’s Religious Beliefs and Sports Participation. Frontiers in Psychology, 13, Article 915521. [Crossref]
  • Laar, R. A., Shi, S., & Ashraf, M. A. (2019). Participation of Pakistani female students in physical activities: Religious, cultural and socioeconomic factors. Religions, 10(11), Article 617. [Crossref]
  • Lapadat, J. C., & Lindsay, A. C. (1999). Transcription in research and practice: From standardization of technique to interpretive positionings. Qualitative Inquiry, 5(1), 64-86. [Crossref]
  • Lundy, G. I., Allan, V., Cowburn, I., & Cote, J. (2019). Parental support, sibling influences and family dynamics across the development of Canadian interuniversity student-athletes. Journal of athlete development and experience, 1(2), Article 4. [Crossref]
  • Lusted, J., & Fielding-Lloyd, B. (2017). The limited development of English women’s recreational cricket: A critique of the liberal “absorption” approach to gender equality. Managing Sport and Leisure, 22(1), 54-69. [Crossref]
  • Moreno-Vitoria, L., Cabeza-Ruiz, R., & Pellicer-Chenoll, M. (2024). Factors that influence the physical and sports participation of adolescent girls: A systematic review. Apunts Educación Física y Deportes, 157, 19-30. [Crossref]
  • Mosewich, A. D., Crocker, P. R., Kowalski, K. C., & DeLongis, A. (2013). Applying self-compassion in sport: An intervention with women athletes. Journal of sport and exercise psychology, 35(5), 514-524. [Crossref]
  • Nardi, W. R., Harrison, A., Saadeh, F. B., Webb, J., Wentz, A. E., & Loucks, E. B. (2020). Mindfulness and cardiovascular health: Qualitative findings on mechanisms from the mindfulness-based blood pressure reduction (MB-BP) study. PLoS One, 15(9), Article e0239533. [Crossref]
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There are 70 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language English
Subjects Sports Science and Exercise (Other)
Journal Section Original Article
Authors

Muzaffer Toprak Keskin 0000-0001-9439-0094

Early Pub Date June 15, 2025
Publication Date June 30, 2025
Submission Date October 15, 2024
Acceptance Date March 23, 2025
Published in Issue Year 2025 Volume: 10 Issue: 2

Cite

APA Keskin, M. T. (2025). The Journey of Female Athletes: Overcoming Barriers and Exploring Motivations - An In-Depth Examination of Emotional Experiences. Journal of Sport Sciences Research, 10(2), 163-185. https://doi.org/10.25307/jssr.1568130

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