Research Article
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Year 2025, Volume: 10 Issue: 2, 229 - 243, 30.06.2025
https://doi.org/10.25307/jssr.1606420

Abstract

References

  • Boone, J., Vaeyens, R., Steyaert, A., Bossche, L. V., & Bourgois, J. (2012). Physical fitness of elite Belgian soccer players by player position. The Journal of Strength & Conditioning Research, 26(8), 2051-2057. [CrossRef]
  • Brughelli, M., Cronin, J., Levin, G., & Chaouachi, A. (2008). Understanding change of direction ability in sport: A review of resistance training studies. Sports Medicine, 38(12), 1045-1063. [CrossRef]
  • Buchheit, M., Mendez-Villanueva, A., Simpson, B. M., & Bourdon, P. C. (2010). Match running performance and fitness in youth soccer. International Journal of Sports Medicine, 31(11), 818-825. [CrossRef]
  • Creswell, J. W., & Clark, V. P. (2007). Mixed methods research. Thousand Oaks.
  • Çatalo, İ., Cerit, M., Anılır, M., Ulucan, K., & Tuncer, S. Y. (2024). Evaluating the influence of the ACTN3 rs1815739 gene polymorphism on the performance of physically active adult males in the arrowhead agility drill test. Genetics & Applications, 8(1). 1-10. [CrossRef]
  • De Giorgio, A., Sellami, M., Kuvacic, G., Lawrence, G., Padulo, J., Mingardi, M., & Mainolfi, L. (2018). Enhancing motor learning of young soccer players through preventing an internal focus of attention: The effect of shoes colour. PLoS One, 13(8), Article e0200689. [CrossRef]
  • Ersöz, M. (2016). Comparison of functional movement assessment test (FMS) results of football players in different age categories for speed, flexibility, agility, explosive strength (power). Unpublished master's thesis, İstanbul Gelişim University, Institute of Health Sciences, İstanbul.
  • Forster, J. W., Uthoff, A. M., Rumpf, M. C., & Cronin, J. B. (2023). Training to improve pro-agility performance: A systematic review. Journal of Human Kinetics, 85, 35-51. [CrossRef]
  • George, D., & Mallery, P. (2019). IBM SPSS statistics 26 step by step: A simple guide and reference. Routledge.
  • Gil, S. M., Gil, J., Ruiz, F., Irazusta, A., & Irazusta, J. (2007). Physiological and anthropometric characteristics of young soccer players according to their playing position: Relevance for the selection process. The Journal of Strength & Conditioning Research, 21(2), 438-445. [CrossRef]
  • Gökhan, İ., Aktaş, Y., & Aysan, H. A. (2015). Examining the relationship between leg strength and speed values of amateur football players. International Journal of Science Culture and Sport, 3(4), 47-54. [CrossRef]
  • Göral, K. (2015). Passing success percentages and ball possession rates of successful teams in 2014 FIFA World Cup. International Journal of Sport Culture and Science, 3(1), 86-95. [CrossRef]
  • Hazır, T., Mahir, Ö. F., & Açıkada, C. (2010). The relationship between agility, body composition and anaerobic power in young football players. Journal of Sports Sciences, 21(4), 146-153.
  • Izzo, R., De Vanna, A., & Varde’i, C. H. (2018). data comparison between elite and amateur soccer players by 20 Hz GPS data collection. Journal of Sports Science, 6(1), 31-35. [CrossRef]
  • Jones, C., & Wilson, C. (2009). Defining advantage and athletic performance: The case of Oscar Pistorius. European Journal of Sport Science, 9(2), 125-131. [CrossRef]
  • Jovanovic, M., Sporis, G., Omrcen, D., & Fiorentini, F. (2011). Effects of speed, agility, quickness training method on power performance in elite soccer players. The Journal of Strength & Conditioning Research, 25(5), 1285-1292. [CrossRef]
  • Kapidžić, A., Pojskić, H., Muratović, M., Užičanin, E., & Bilalić, J. (2011). Correlation of tests for evaluating explosive strength and agility of football players. Sport Scientific & Practical Aspects, 8(2), 29-34.
  • Kaplan, T., Erkmen, N., & Taskin, H. (2009). The evaluation of the running speed and agility performance in professional and amateur soccer players. The Journal of Strength & Conditioning Research, 23(3), 774-778. [CrossRef]
  • Kartal, R. (2016). Comparison of speed, agility, anaerobic strength and anthropometric characteristics in male football and futsal players. Journal of Education and Training Studies, 4(7), 47-53. [CrossRef]
  • Komarudin, K., Suharjana, S., Yudanto, Y., & Kusuma, M. N. H. (2022). The different influence of speed, agility and aerobic capacity toward soccer skills of youth player. Pedagogy of Physical Culture and Sports, 26(6), 381-390. [CrossRef]
  • Köklü, Y., Alemdaroğlu, U., Özkan, A., Koz, M., & Ersöz, G. (2015). The relationship between sprint ability, agility and vertical jump performance in young soccer players. Science & Sports, 30(1), e1-e5. [CrossRef]
  • Kumar, H. (2006). Age changes in the speed of running during 30-meter sprint running. Journal of Exercise Science and Physiotherapy, 2, 92-95.
  • Little, T., & Williams, A. G. (2005). Specificity of acceleration, maximum speed, and agility in professional soccer players. The Journal of Strength & Conditioning Research, 19(1), 76-78. [CrossRef]
  • Lockie, R. G., Callaghan, S. J., Berry, S. P., Cooke, E. R., Jordan, C. A., Luczo, T. M., & Jeffriess, M. D. (2014). Relationship between unilateral jumping ability and asymmetry on multidirectional speed in team-sport athletes. The Journal of Strength & Conditioning Research, 28(12), 3557-3566. [CrossRef]
  • Mathisen, G., & Pettersen, S. A. (2015). Anthropometric factors related to sprint and agility performance in young male soccer players. Open Access Journal of Sports Medicine, 6, 337-342. [CrossRef]
  • Milanović, Z., Sporiš, G., Trajković, N., & Fiorentini, F. (2011). Differences in agility performance between futsal and soccer players. Sport Sciences, 4(2), 55-59.
  • Mohr, M., Krustrup, P., & Bangsbo, J. (2005). Fatigue in soccer: A brief review. Journal of Sports Sciences, 23(6), 593-599. [CrossRef]
  • Negra, Y., Chaabene, H., Hammami, M., Amara, S., Sammoud, S., Mkaouer, B., & Hachana, Y. (2017). Agility in young athletes: Is it a different ability from speed and power?. The Journal of Strength & Conditioning Research, 31(3), 727-735. [CrossRef]
  • Nygaard Falch, H., Guldteig Rædergård, H., & van den Tillaar, R. (2019). Effect of different physical training forms on change of direction ability: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Sports Medicine-Open, 5, 1-37. [CrossRef]
  • Özdemir, S. (2009). The effect of a complex training program on the development of explosive power, strength, speed and agility in male football players in the 14-16 age group. Unpublished master's thesis, Marmara University, Institute of Health Sciences, İstanbul.
  • Pereira, L. A., Nimphius, S., Kobal, R., Kitamura, K., Turisco, L. A., Orsi, R. C., ... & Loturco, I. (2018). Relationship between change of direction, speed, and power in male and female national Olympic team handball athletes. The Journal of Strength & Conditioning Research, 32(10), 2987-2994. [CrossRef]
  • Pojskic, H., Åslin, E., Krolo, A., Jukic, I., Uljevic, O., Spasic, M., & Sekulic, D. (2018). Importance of reactive agility and change of direction speed in differentiating performance levels in junior soccer players: reliability and validity of newly developed soccer-specific tests. Frontiers in Physiology, 9, Article 506. [CrossRef]
  • Rago, V., Brito, J., Figueiredo, P., Ermidis, G., Barreira, D., & Rebelo, A. (2020). The arrowhead agility test: reliability, minimum detectable change, and practical applications in soccer players. The Journal of Strength & Conditioning Research, 34(2), 483-494. [CrossRef]
  • Reilly, T., Bangsbo, J., & Franks, A. (2000). Anthropometric and physiological predispositions for elite soccer. Journal of Sports Sciences, 18(9), 669-683. [CrossRef]
  • Santos, D. A., Dawson, J. A., Matias, C. N., Rocha, P. M., Minderico, C. S., Allison, D. B., ... & Silva, A. M. (2014). Reference values for body composition and anthropometric measurements in athletes. PloS One, 9(5), Article e97846. [CrossRef]
  • Sedeaud, A., Marc, A., Marck, A., Dor, F., Schipman, J., Dorsey, M., ... & Toussaint, J. F. (2014). BMI, a performance parameter for speed improvement. PloS One, 9(2), Article e90183. [CrossRef]
  • Sheppard, J. M., & Young, W. B. (2006). Agility literature review: classifications, training and testing. Journal of Sports Sciences, 24(9), 919-932. [CrossRef]
  • Silva, J. R., Ascensão, A., Marques, F., Seabra, A., Rebelo, A., & Magalhães, J. (2013). Neuromuscular function, hormonal and redox status and muscle damage of professional soccer players after a high-level competitive match. European Journal of Applied Physiology, 113(9), 2193-2201. [CrossRef]
  • Solak, M. A. (2021). Examination of the relationship between anaerobic endurance, agility and speed parameters in young football players. Unpublished master's thesis, İstanbul Gelişim University, Institute of Health Sciences, İstanbul.
  • Şahbaz, N. (2003). Investigation of the effect of isokinetic force on sprint speed in young football players. İstanbul University Journal of Sports Sciences, 11,3(ÖS), 157-161.
  • Turner, A. N., & Stewart, P. F. (2014). Strength and conditioning for soccer players. Strength & Conditioning Journal, 36(4), 1-13. [CrossRef]
  • Young, W., & Farrow, D. (2006). A review of agility: Practical applications for strength and conditioning. Strength & Conditioning Journal, 28(5), 24-29. [CrossRef]
  • Yüksel, C., & Koçak, S. (2024). Examining the average playing time and skin temperature of football players through thermal camera application: An experimental study. Turkiye Klinikleri Journal of Sports Sciences, 16(3), 257-64. [CrossRef]

Examination of Agility and Speed Performance Parameters in Male Football Players Aged 17-21

Year 2025, Volume: 10 Issue: 2, 229 - 243, 30.06.2025
https://doi.org/10.25307/jssr.1606420

Abstract

This study is to conduct a comparative assessment of agility and speed performance levels among male football players aged 17 to 21. A total of 78 participants were included, comprising professional players from Gençlerbirliği Sports Club (n=28) and amateur players from the Faculty of Sports Sciences at Lokman Hekim University (n=50). Anthropometric measurements, including height and body weight, were documented, and physical performance was evaluated by the 30-meter sprint and Arrowhead agility assessments. Independent sample t-tests were employed to compare the groups, and Pearson correlation analysis was performed to investigate correlations among variables. The results indicated that professional players surpassed amateur players in both tests, with statistically significant differences (p<0.05). Furthermore, reduced standard deviations in the professional group signified greater consistency in physical performance. These disparities are ascribed to systematic training regimens, enhanced nutritional methods, and talent acquisition methodologies prioritized at the elite level.

References

  • Boone, J., Vaeyens, R., Steyaert, A., Bossche, L. V., & Bourgois, J. (2012). Physical fitness of elite Belgian soccer players by player position. The Journal of Strength & Conditioning Research, 26(8), 2051-2057. [CrossRef]
  • Brughelli, M., Cronin, J., Levin, G., & Chaouachi, A. (2008). Understanding change of direction ability in sport: A review of resistance training studies. Sports Medicine, 38(12), 1045-1063. [CrossRef]
  • Buchheit, M., Mendez-Villanueva, A., Simpson, B. M., & Bourdon, P. C. (2010). Match running performance and fitness in youth soccer. International Journal of Sports Medicine, 31(11), 818-825. [CrossRef]
  • Creswell, J. W., & Clark, V. P. (2007). Mixed methods research. Thousand Oaks.
  • Çatalo, İ., Cerit, M., Anılır, M., Ulucan, K., & Tuncer, S. Y. (2024). Evaluating the influence of the ACTN3 rs1815739 gene polymorphism on the performance of physically active adult males in the arrowhead agility drill test. Genetics & Applications, 8(1). 1-10. [CrossRef]
  • De Giorgio, A., Sellami, M., Kuvacic, G., Lawrence, G., Padulo, J., Mingardi, M., & Mainolfi, L. (2018). Enhancing motor learning of young soccer players through preventing an internal focus of attention: The effect of shoes colour. PLoS One, 13(8), Article e0200689. [CrossRef]
  • Ersöz, M. (2016). Comparison of functional movement assessment test (FMS) results of football players in different age categories for speed, flexibility, agility, explosive strength (power). Unpublished master's thesis, İstanbul Gelişim University, Institute of Health Sciences, İstanbul.
  • Forster, J. W., Uthoff, A. M., Rumpf, M. C., & Cronin, J. B. (2023). Training to improve pro-agility performance: A systematic review. Journal of Human Kinetics, 85, 35-51. [CrossRef]
  • George, D., & Mallery, P. (2019). IBM SPSS statistics 26 step by step: A simple guide and reference. Routledge.
  • Gil, S. M., Gil, J., Ruiz, F., Irazusta, A., & Irazusta, J. (2007). Physiological and anthropometric characteristics of young soccer players according to their playing position: Relevance for the selection process. The Journal of Strength & Conditioning Research, 21(2), 438-445. [CrossRef]
  • Gökhan, İ., Aktaş, Y., & Aysan, H. A. (2015). Examining the relationship between leg strength and speed values of amateur football players. International Journal of Science Culture and Sport, 3(4), 47-54. [CrossRef]
  • Göral, K. (2015). Passing success percentages and ball possession rates of successful teams in 2014 FIFA World Cup. International Journal of Sport Culture and Science, 3(1), 86-95. [CrossRef]
  • Hazır, T., Mahir, Ö. F., & Açıkada, C. (2010). The relationship between agility, body composition and anaerobic power in young football players. Journal of Sports Sciences, 21(4), 146-153.
  • Izzo, R., De Vanna, A., & Varde’i, C. H. (2018). data comparison between elite and amateur soccer players by 20 Hz GPS data collection. Journal of Sports Science, 6(1), 31-35. [CrossRef]
  • Jones, C., & Wilson, C. (2009). Defining advantage and athletic performance: The case of Oscar Pistorius. European Journal of Sport Science, 9(2), 125-131. [CrossRef]
  • Jovanovic, M., Sporis, G., Omrcen, D., & Fiorentini, F. (2011). Effects of speed, agility, quickness training method on power performance in elite soccer players. The Journal of Strength & Conditioning Research, 25(5), 1285-1292. [CrossRef]
  • Kapidžić, A., Pojskić, H., Muratović, M., Užičanin, E., & Bilalić, J. (2011). Correlation of tests for evaluating explosive strength and agility of football players. Sport Scientific & Practical Aspects, 8(2), 29-34.
  • Kaplan, T., Erkmen, N., & Taskin, H. (2009). The evaluation of the running speed and agility performance in professional and amateur soccer players. The Journal of Strength & Conditioning Research, 23(3), 774-778. [CrossRef]
  • Kartal, R. (2016). Comparison of speed, agility, anaerobic strength and anthropometric characteristics in male football and futsal players. Journal of Education and Training Studies, 4(7), 47-53. [CrossRef]
  • Komarudin, K., Suharjana, S., Yudanto, Y., & Kusuma, M. N. H. (2022). The different influence of speed, agility and aerobic capacity toward soccer skills of youth player. Pedagogy of Physical Culture and Sports, 26(6), 381-390. [CrossRef]
  • Köklü, Y., Alemdaroğlu, U., Özkan, A., Koz, M., & Ersöz, G. (2015). The relationship between sprint ability, agility and vertical jump performance in young soccer players. Science & Sports, 30(1), e1-e5. [CrossRef]
  • Kumar, H. (2006). Age changes in the speed of running during 30-meter sprint running. Journal of Exercise Science and Physiotherapy, 2, 92-95.
  • Little, T., & Williams, A. G. (2005). Specificity of acceleration, maximum speed, and agility in professional soccer players. The Journal of Strength & Conditioning Research, 19(1), 76-78. [CrossRef]
  • Lockie, R. G., Callaghan, S. J., Berry, S. P., Cooke, E. R., Jordan, C. A., Luczo, T. M., & Jeffriess, M. D. (2014). Relationship between unilateral jumping ability and asymmetry on multidirectional speed in team-sport athletes. The Journal of Strength & Conditioning Research, 28(12), 3557-3566. [CrossRef]
  • Mathisen, G., & Pettersen, S. A. (2015). Anthropometric factors related to sprint and agility performance in young male soccer players. Open Access Journal of Sports Medicine, 6, 337-342. [CrossRef]
  • Milanović, Z., Sporiš, G., Trajković, N., & Fiorentini, F. (2011). Differences in agility performance between futsal and soccer players. Sport Sciences, 4(2), 55-59.
  • Mohr, M., Krustrup, P., & Bangsbo, J. (2005). Fatigue in soccer: A brief review. Journal of Sports Sciences, 23(6), 593-599. [CrossRef]
  • Negra, Y., Chaabene, H., Hammami, M., Amara, S., Sammoud, S., Mkaouer, B., & Hachana, Y. (2017). Agility in young athletes: Is it a different ability from speed and power?. The Journal of Strength & Conditioning Research, 31(3), 727-735. [CrossRef]
  • Nygaard Falch, H., Guldteig Rædergård, H., & van den Tillaar, R. (2019). Effect of different physical training forms on change of direction ability: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Sports Medicine-Open, 5, 1-37. [CrossRef]
  • Özdemir, S. (2009). The effect of a complex training program on the development of explosive power, strength, speed and agility in male football players in the 14-16 age group. Unpublished master's thesis, Marmara University, Institute of Health Sciences, İstanbul.
  • Pereira, L. A., Nimphius, S., Kobal, R., Kitamura, K., Turisco, L. A., Orsi, R. C., ... & Loturco, I. (2018). Relationship between change of direction, speed, and power in male and female national Olympic team handball athletes. The Journal of Strength & Conditioning Research, 32(10), 2987-2994. [CrossRef]
  • Pojskic, H., Åslin, E., Krolo, A., Jukic, I., Uljevic, O., Spasic, M., & Sekulic, D. (2018). Importance of reactive agility and change of direction speed in differentiating performance levels in junior soccer players: reliability and validity of newly developed soccer-specific tests. Frontiers in Physiology, 9, Article 506. [CrossRef]
  • Rago, V., Brito, J., Figueiredo, P., Ermidis, G., Barreira, D., & Rebelo, A. (2020). The arrowhead agility test: reliability, minimum detectable change, and practical applications in soccer players. The Journal of Strength & Conditioning Research, 34(2), 483-494. [CrossRef]
  • Reilly, T., Bangsbo, J., & Franks, A. (2000). Anthropometric and physiological predispositions for elite soccer. Journal of Sports Sciences, 18(9), 669-683. [CrossRef]
  • Santos, D. A., Dawson, J. A., Matias, C. N., Rocha, P. M., Minderico, C. S., Allison, D. B., ... & Silva, A. M. (2014). Reference values for body composition and anthropometric measurements in athletes. PloS One, 9(5), Article e97846. [CrossRef]
  • Sedeaud, A., Marc, A., Marck, A., Dor, F., Schipman, J., Dorsey, M., ... & Toussaint, J. F. (2014). BMI, a performance parameter for speed improvement. PloS One, 9(2), Article e90183. [CrossRef]
  • Sheppard, J. M., & Young, W. B. (2006). Agility literature review: classifications, training and testing. Journal of Sports Sciences, 24(9), 919-932. [CrossRef]
  • Silva, J. R., Ascensão, A., Marques, F., Seabra, A., Rebelo, A., & Magalhães, J. (2013). Neuromuscular function, hormonal and redox status and muscle damage of professional soccer players after a high-level competitive match. European Journal of Applied Physiology, 113(9), 2193-2201. [CrossRef]
  • Solak, M. A. (2021). Examination of the relationship between anaerobic endurance, agility and speed parameters in young football players. Unpublished master's thesis, İstanbul Gelişim University, Institute of Health Sciences, İstanbul.
  • Şahbaz, N. (2003). Investigation of the effect of isokinetic force on sprint speed in young football players. İstanbul University Journal of Sports Sciences, 11,3(ÖS), 157-161.
  • Turner, A. N., & Stewart, P. F. (2014). Strength and conditioning for soccer players. Strength & Conditioning Journal, 36(4), 1-13. [CrossRef]
  • Young, W., & Farrow, D. (2006). A review of agility: Practical applications for strength and conditioning. Strength & Conditioning Journal, 28(5), 24-29. [CrossRef]
  • Yüksel, C., & Koçak, S. (2024). Examining the average playing time and skin temperature of football players through thermal camera application: An experimental study. Turkiye Klinikleri Journal of Sports Sciences, 16(3), 257-64. [CrossRef]
There are 43 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language English
Subjects Sports Training
Journal Section Original Article
Authors

İsmail Taha Karlıklı 0009-0000-4007-9735

Selin Yıldırım Tuncer 0000-0001-6092-2849

Early Pub Date June 15, 2025
Publication Date June 30, 2025
Submission Date December 24, 2024
Acceptance Date May 31, 2025
Published in Issue Year 2025 Volume: 10 Issue: 2

Cite

APA Karlıklı, İ. T., & Yıldırım Tuncer, S. (2025). Examination of Agility and Speed Performance Parameters in Male Football Players Aged 17-21. Journal of Sport Sciences Research, 10(2), 229-243. https://doi.org/10.25307/jssr.1606420

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