Research Article
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Year 2025, Volume: 10 Issue: 3, 492 - 503, 31.10.2025
https://doi.org/10.25307/jssr.1722626

Abstract

References

  • Aktaş, B., & Bostancı, N. (2021). Game addiction levels among university students during the Covid-19 pandemic and the effect of the pandemic on their digital game playing. Journal of Dependence, 22(2), 129-138. [CrossRef]
  • Andreassen, C. S., Torsheim, T., & Pallesen, S. (2014). Predictors of use of social network sites at work a specific type of cyberloafing. Journal of Computer-Mediated Communication, 19(4), 906-921. [CrossRef]
  • Andreassen, C. S., Torsheim, T., Brunborg, G. S., & Pallesen, S. (2012). Development of a Facebook addiction scale. Psychological reports, 110(2), 501-517. [CrossRef]
  • Avunduk, Y. (2021). The relationship between leisure satisfaction and social media addictions of individuals at university. Journal of Educational Issues, 7(1), 507-522. [CrossRef]
  • Babacan, M. E. (2016). Social media usage areas and addiction relationship. Addicta: The Turkish Journal on Addictions, 3(1), 7-28. [CrossRef]
  • Bayram, A., Yalcin, I., Sahin, E., Ekinci, N. E., Talaghir, L. G., & Iconomescu, T. M. (2025). The role of recreational flow experience and well-being on re-participation intention: recreational sport participants. Frontiers in Psychology, (16), 1574337. [CrossRef]
  • Baz, F. Ç. (2018). Social media addiction: A study on university students. OPUS International Journal of Society Researches, 9(16), 276-295. [CrossRef]
  • Çakır, V. O. (2017). The relationship between university students’ leisure time satisfaction levels and leisure time management. Gaziantep University Journal of Sports Sciences, 2(3), 17-27. [CrossRef]
  • Çavuş, S. (2022). A field research on social media usage of university students: the case of Aksaray University. İnönü Üniversitesi İletişim Fakültesi Elektronik Dergisi, 7(2), 9-25. [CrossRef]
  • Çelik, S., & Dalbudak, İ. (2021). Examining the factors affecting university students’ participation in recreational activities. Propósitos y Representaciones, (SPE3), e1206-e1206. [CrossRef]
  • Cheng, C., Lau, Y. C., Chan, L., & Luk, J. W. (2021). Prevalence of social media addiction across 32 nations: Meta-analysis with subgroup analysis of classification schemes and cultural values. Addictive behaviors, 117, Article 106845. [CrossRef]
  • Çiftçi, H. (2018). Social media addiction among university students. MANAS Journal of Social Research, 7(4), 151-166. [CrossRef]
  • Çömlekçi, M. F., & Başol, O. (2019). Examining the relationship between social media usage purposes of young people and social media addiction. Manisa Celal Bayar University Journal of Social Sciences, 17(4), 173-188. [CrossRef]
  • Dalaylı, F. Ü. (2018). Communication practices of middle-aged individuals in the digital age: Social media addiction and social isolation [Master's thesis]. Marmara University.
  • Davis, R. A. (2001). A cognitive-behavioral model of pathological Internet use. Computers in human behavior, 17(2), 187-195. [CrossRef]
  • Delibaş, H. (2019). Technology-related addictions and related factors among university students [Medical specialization thesis]. Düzce University.
  • Demirel, A. C., & Tapan, M. G. (2023). Üniversite öğrencilerinin sosyal medya ve kompulsif çevrimiçi alışveriş bağımlılığı arasındaki ilişkinin incelenmesi. Journal of the Human and Social Science Researches, 12(1), 60-78. [CrossRef]
  • Demirel, M., Er, Y., Kaya, A., & Çuhadar, A. (2022). Investigation of the effect of digital addiction and leisure time management on daily life. Gümüşhane University Journal of Social Sciences, 13(3), 1292-1306. [CrossRef]
  • Gulnar, U. (2025). Investigation of the relationship between recreation awareness and technology addiction of university students. International Journal of Technology in Education, 8(2), 246-273. [CrossRef]
  • Günüç, S. (2009). İnternet bağımlılık ölçeğinin geliştirilmesi ve bazı demografik değişkenler ile internet bağımlılığı arasındaki ilişkilerin incelenmesi [Master's thesis]. Yüzüncü Yıl University.
  • Gürsakal, N. (2009). Social network analysis (pp. 235-237). Dora Publishing.
  • Huang, H. C., Chang, S. S., & Luo, S. J. (2015). Preliminary investigation on recreation and leisure knowledge sharing by Line. Procedia-Social and Behavioral Sciences, 174, 3072-3080. [CrossRef]
  • Hung, W. T., & Liou, G. B. (2023). How is the effect of social media on intention to outdoor recreations? A study using personal social connections as a moderator. Heliyon, 9(11), Article e22268. [CrossRef]
  • Iso-Ahola, S. E. (1982). Toward a social psychological theory of tourism motivation: A rejoinder. Annals of Tourism Research, 9(2), 256-262. [CrossRef]
  • İskender, A. (2023). Determination of the relationship between social media addiction and perception of boredom and life satisfaction in leisure time. Tourism and Recreation, 5(1), 35-42. [CrossRef]
  • Kaderoğlu, M. A. (2023). Sources Used in Determining University Students’ Recreation Activities and the Role of Social Media Usage [Master's thesis]. Necmettin Erbakan University.
  • Kaplan, A. M., & Haenlein, M. (2010). Users of the world, unite! The challenges and opportunities of social media. Business Horizons, 53(1), 59-68. [CrossRef]
  • Karaküçük, S. (1999). Recreation: Evaluation of leisure time. Bağırgan Publishing House.
  • Karasar, N. (2018). Bilimsel araştırma yöntemi (33. baskı). Nobel Yayıncılık.
  • Kızılkoca, M. (2023). Investigation of Family Belonging and Recreation Experience Preferences of University Students. Mediterranean Journal of Sport Science, 6(2), 612-624. [CrossRef]
  • Kumban, W., Cetthakrikul, S., & Santiworakul, A. (2025). Smartphone addiction, screen time, and physical activity of different academic majors and study levels in university students. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 22(2), 237. [CrossRef]
  • Kuss, D. J., & Griffiths, M. D. (2015). Social networking sites and addiction: Ten lessons learned. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 12(3), 1286-1306. [CrossRef]
  • Neulinger, J. (1981). The psychology of leisure: Research approaches to the study of leisure. Thomas.
  • Nazlıgül, M. D., & Yılmaz, A. E. (2019). Gaming addiction and exercise addiction within the framework of behavioral addictions. Journal of Dependence, 20(2), 97-108. [CrossRef]
  • Orsal, O., Orsal, O., Unsal, A., & Ozalp, S. S. (2013). Evaluation of internet addiction and depression among university students. Procedia-Social and Behavioral Sciences, 82, 445-454. [CrossRef]
  • Özdemir, Z. (2019). Social Media Addiction among University Students. Beykoz Academy Journal, 7(2), 91-105. [CrossRef]
  • Öztürk, Ö. T., and Soytürk, M. (2025). Exploring the interplay of leisure freedom, satisfaction, and participation styles among Turkish sports sciences students. Behavioral Sciences, 15(9), Article 1273. [CrossRef]
  • Şahin, E., & Yalcin, I. (2024). Examining the relationship between the perceived benefit and life engagement of individuals participating in sportive recreational activities. Journal of Physical Education and Sport, 24(12), 2179-2186. [CrossRef]
  • Şimşek, K., & Çevik, H. (2020). Development of the leisure activity participation scale (LAPS). Loisir et Société / Society and Leisure, 43(1), 98-115. [CrossRef]
  • Stănculescu, E., & Griffiths, M. D. (2022). Social media addiction profiles and their antecedents using latent profile analysis: The contribution of social anxiety, gender, and age. Telematics and Informatics, 74, 101879, 1-12. [CrossRef]
  • Statista. (2024, 15 Haziran). Social media-statistics & facts. Retrieved from https://www.statista.com/topics/1164/social-networks/.
  • Tabachnick, L. S. (2013). Fidell using multivariate statistics (sixth ed.). Pearson.
  • TUİK. (2025, 15 Haziran). Household information technologies (IT) usage survey. Retrieved from https://www.tuik.gov.tr/.
  • Uğurlu, T. T., Şengül, C. B., & Şengül, C. (2012). Addiction psychopharmacology. Current Approaches in Psychiatry, 4(1), 37-50. [CrossRef]
  • Van Dijk, J. (2020). The digital divide. John Wiley & Sons.
  • Veal, A. J. (2016). Leisure, income inequality and the Veblen effect: Cross-national analysis of leisure time and sport and cultural activity. Leisure Studies, 35(2), 215-240. [CrossRef]
  • Yeşilay. (2025, 15 Haziran). Paths followed in the treatment of social media addiction. Retrieved from https://www.yesilay.org.tr/tr/makaleler/sosyal-medya-bagimliligi-tedavisinde-izlenen-yollar.
  • Yeşildal, M., & Üstünbaş, B. N. (2019). The Result of an Ineffective Free Time Management: Social Media Addiction. 4th International Health Sciences and Management Conference.
  • Yıldırım, B., Baydar, V., Gunay, G., & Kiliç, C. (2021). An investigation of the relationship between social media addiction with altruism and egocentrism. Third Sector Social Economic Review, 56(3), 1576-1595. [CrossRef]
  • Yıldırım, N. H. (2019). The relationship between university students' social media addiction levels and the meaning they attribute to marriage and spouse selection criteria [Master's thesis]. İstanbul Sabahattin Zaim University.
  • Young, K. S. (1996). Internet addiction: The emergence of a new clinical disorder. Cyber Psychology & Behavior, 1(3), 240-242. [CrossRef]

Contemporary Problem in Leisure Time Participation: Social Media Addiction

Year 2025, Volume: 10 Issue: 3, 492 - 503, 31.10.2025
https://doi.org/10.25307/jssr.1722626

Abstract

The aim of this study is to examine the relationship between social media addiction levels and leisure time activity participation of sport sciences faculty students. The research group consists of 189 male (age=21.71±3.37) and 203 female (age=21.87±3.90) students (n=392) studying at the Faculty of Sports Sciences of Bingöl University in the 2024-2025 academic year. Personal information form, Development of the Leisure Activity Participation Scale and Social Media Addiction Scale were used as data collection tools. As a result of the data analyses, it was determined that the data were normally distributed. In line with the findings obtained, no significant difference was found between the variables of social media addiction and leisure time activity participation according to the gender variable. There was no significant relationship between the variables of social media addiction and leisure time activity participation according to the age variable. When the variables of social media addiction and leisure time activity participation were evaluated according to the income status variable, it was determined that the social media addiction dimension showed a significant difference, and the difference was in favour of the participants with better income status. When the relationship between social media addiction and leisure time activity participation variables was analysed, no significant relationship was found. The results obtained indicate that there is no relationship between social media addiction and participation in leisure activities in the athlete sample. However, it shows that income level may be a direct factor in social media addiction. In this sense, it is a priority to use qualitative methods in future studies in order to examine behaviours in depth.

References

  • Aktaş, B., & Bostancı, N. (2021). Game addiction levels among university students during the Covid-19 pandemic and the effect of the pandemic on their digital game playing. Journal of Dependence, 22(2), 129-138. [CrossRef]
  • Andreassen, C. S., Torsheim, T., & Pallesen, S. (2014). Predictors of use of social network sites at work a specific type of cyberloafing. Journal of Computer-Mediated Communication, 19(4), 906-921. [CrossRef]
  • Andreassen, C. S., Torsheim, T., Brunborg, G. S., & Pallesen, S. (2012). Development of a Facebook addiction scale. Psychological reports, 110(2), 501-517. [CrossRef]
  • Avunduk, Y. (2021). The relationship between leisure satisfaction and social media addictions of individuals at university. Journal of Educational Issues, 7(1), 507-522. [CrossRef]
  • Babacan, M. E. (2016). Social media usage areas and addiction relationship. Addicta: The Turkish Journal on Addictions, 3(1), 7-28. [CrossRef]
  • Bayram, A., Yalcin, I., Sahin, E., Ekinci, N. E., Talaghir, L. G., & Iconomescu, T. M. (2025). The role of recreational flow experience and well-being on re-participation intention: recreational sport participants. Frontiers in Psychology, (16), 1574337. [CrossRef]
  • Baz, F. Ç. (2018). Social media addiction: A study on university students. OPUS International Journal of Society Researches, 9(16), 276-295. [CrossRef]
  • Çakır, V. O. (2017). The relationship between university students’ leisure time satisfaction levels and leisure time management. Gaziantep University Journal of Sports Sciences, 2(3), 17-27. [CrossRef]
  • Çavuş, S. (2022). A field research on social media usage of university students: the case of Aksaray University. İnönü Üniversitesi İletişim Fakültesi Elektronik Dergisi, 7(2), 9-25. [CrossRef]
  • Çelik, S., & Dalbudak, İ. (2021). Examining the factors affecting university students’ participation in recreational activities. Propósitos y Representaciones, (SPE3), e1206-e1206. [CrossRef]
  • Cheng, C., Lau, Y. C., Chan, L., & Luk, J. W. (2021). Prevalence of social media addiction across 32 nations: Meta-analysis with subgroup analysis of classification schemes and cultural values. Addictive behaviors, 117, Article 106845. [CrossRef]
  • Çiftçi, H. (2018). Social media addiction among university students. MANAS Journal of Social Research, 7(4), 151-166. [CrossRef]
  • Çömlekçi, M. F., & Başol, O. (2019). Examining the relationship between social media usage purposes of young people and social media addiction. Manisa Celal Bayar University Journal of Social Sciences, 17(4), 173-188. [CrossRef]
  • Dalaylı, F. Ü. (2018). Communication practices of middle-aged individuals in the digital age: Social media addiction and social isolation [Master's thesis]. Marmara University.
  • Davis, R. A. (2001). A cognitive-behavioral model of pathological Internet use. Computers in human behavior, 17(2), 187-195. [CrossRef]
  • Delibaş, H. (2019). Technology-related addictions and related factors among university students [Medical specialization thesis]. Düzce University.
  • Demirel, A. C., & Tapan, M. G. (2023). Üniversite öğrencilerinin sosyal medya ve kompulsif çevrimiçi alışveriş bağımlılığı arasındaki ilişkinin incelenmesi. Journal of the Human and Social Science Researches, 12(1), 60-78. [CrossRef]
  • Demirel, M., Er, Y., Kaya, A., & Çuhadar, A. (2022). Investigation of the effect of digital addiction and leisure time management on daily life. Gümüşhane University Journal of Social Sciences, 13(3), 1292-1306. [CrossRef]
  • Gulnar, U. (2025). Investigation of the relationship between recreation awareness and technology addiction of university students. International Journal of Technology in Education, 8(2), 246-273. [CrossRef]
  • Günüç, S. (2009). İnternet bağımlılık ölçeğinin geliştirilmesi ve bazı demografik değişkenler ile internet bağımlılığı arasındaki ilişkilerin incelenmesi [Master's thesis]. Yüzüncü Yıl University.
  • Gürsakal, N. (2009). Social network analysis (pp. 235-237). Dora Publishing.
  • Huang, H. C., Chang, S. S., & Luo, S. J. (2015). Preliminary investigation on recreation and leisure knowledge sharing by Line. Procedia-Social and Behavioral Sciences, 174, 3072-3080. [CrossRef]
  • Hung, W. T., & Liou, G. B. (2023). How is the effect of social media on intention to outdoor recreations? A study using personal social connections as a moderator. Heliyon, 9(11), Article e22268. [CrossRef]
  • Iso-Ahola, S. E. (1982). Toward a social psychological theory of tourism motivation: A rejoinder. Annals of Tourism Research, 9(2), 256-262. [CrossRef]
  • İskender, A. (2023). Determination of the relationship between social media addiction and perception of boredom and life satisfaction in leisure time. Tourism and Recreation, 5(1), 35-42. [CrossRef]
  • Kaderoğlu, M. A. (2023). Sources Used in Determining University Students’ Recreation Activities and the Role of Social Media Usage [Master's thesis]. Necmettin Erbakan University.
  • Kaplan, A. M., & Haenlein, M. (2010). Users of the world, unite! The challenges and opportunities of social media. Business Horizons, 53(1), 59-68. [CrossRef]
  • Karaküçük, S. (1999). Recreation: Evaluation of leisure time. Bağırgan Publishing House.
  • Karasar, N. (2018). Bilimsel araştırma yöntemi (33. baskı). Nobel Yayıncılık.
  • Kızılkoca, M. (2023). Investigation of Family Belonging and Recreation Experience Preferences of University Students. Mediterranean Journal of Sport Science, 6(2), 612-624. [CrossRef]
  • Kumban, W., Cetthakrikul, S., & Santiworakul, A. (2025). Smartphone addiction, screen time, and physical activity of different academic majors and study levels in university students. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 22(2), 237. [CrossRef]
  • Kuss, D. J., & Griffiths, M. D. (2015). Social networking sites and addiction: Ten lessons learned. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 12(3), 1286-1306. [CrossRef]
  • Neulinger, J. (1981). The psychology of leisure: Research approaches to the study of leisure. Thomas.
  • Nazlıgül, M. D., & Yılmaz, A. E. (2019). Gaming addiction and exercise addiction within the framework of behavioral addictions. Journal of Dependence, 20(2), 97-108. [CrossRef]
  • Orsal, O., Orsal, O., Unsal, A., & Ozalp, S. S. (2013). Evaluation of internet addiction and depression among university students. Procedia-Social and Behavioral Sciences, 82, 445-454. [CrossRef]
  • Özdemir, Z. (2019). Social Media Addiction among University Students. Beykoz Academy Journal, 7(2), 91-105. [CrossRef]
  • Öztürk, Ö. T., and Soytürk, M. (2025). Exploring the interplay of leisure freedom, satisfaction, and participation styles among Turkish sports sciences students. Behavioral Sciences, 15(9), Article 1273. [CrossRef]
  • Şahin, E., & Yalcin, I. (2024). Examining the relationship between the perceived benefit and life engagement of individuals participating in sportive recreational activities. Journal of Physical Education and Sport, 24(12), 2179-2186. [CrossRef]
  • Şimşek, K., & Çevik, H. (2020). Development of the leisure activity participation scale (LAPS). Loisir et Société / Society and Leisure, 43(1), 98-115. [CrossRef]
  • Stănculescu, E., & Griffiths, M. D. (2022). Social media addiction profiles and their antecedents using latent profile analysis: The contribution of social anxiety, gender, and age. Telematics and Informatics, 74, 101879, 1-12. [CrossRef]
  • Statista. (2024, 15 Haziran). Social media-statistics & facts. Retrieved from https://www.statista.com/topics/1164/social-networks/.
  • Tabachnick, L. S. (2013). Fidell using multivariate statistics (sixth ed.). Pearson.
  • TUİK. (2025, 15 Haziran). Household information technologies (IT) usage survey. Retrieved from https://www.tuik.gov.tr/.
  • Uğurlu, T. T., Şengül, C. B., & Şengül, C. (2012). Addiction psychopharmacology. Current Approaches in Psychiatry, 4(1), 37-50. [CrossRef]
  • Van Dijk, J. (2020). The digital divide. John Wiley & Sons.
  • Veal, A. J. (2016). Leisure, income inequality and the Veblen effect: Cross-national analysis of leisure time and sport and cultural activity. Leisure Studies, 35(2), 215-240. [CrossRef]
  • Yeşilay. (2025, 15 Haziran). Paths followed in the treatment of social media addiction. Retrieved from https://www.yesilay.org.tr/tr/makaleler/sosyal-medya-bagimliligi-tedavisinde-izlenen-yollar.
  • Yeşildal, M., & Üstünbaş, B. N. (2019). The Result of an Ineffective Free Time Management: Social Media Addiction. 4th International Health Sciences and Management Conference.
  • Yıldırım, B., Baydar, V., Gunay, G., & Kiliç, C. (2021). An investigation of the relationship between social media addiction with altruism and egocentrism. Third Sector Social Economic Review, 56(3), 1576-1595. [CrossRef]
  • Yıldırım, N. H. (2019). The relationship between university students' social media addiction levels and the meaning they attribute to marriage and spouse selection criteria [Master's thesis]. İstanbul Sabahattin Zaim University.
  • Young, K. S. (1996). Internet addiction: The emergence of a new clinical disorder. Cyber Psychology & Behavior, 1(3), 240-242. [CrossRef]
There are 51 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language English
Subjects Sports and Recreation
Journal Section Original Article
Authors

Alican Bayram 0000-0001-6570-6344

Burcu Sıla Sezer 0000-0003-3484-6584

İlimdar Yalçın 0000-0002-2877-9920

Dindar Şedal 0009-0003-6789-0087

Early Pub Date October 29, 2025
Publication Date October 31, 2025
Submission Date June 19, 2025
Acceptance Date October 29, 2025
Published in Issue Year 2025 Volume: 10 Issue: 3

Cite

APA Bayram, A., Sezer, B. S., Yalçın, İ., Şedal, D. (2025). Contemporary Problem in Leisure Time Participation: Social Media Addiction. Journal of Sport Sciences Research, 10(3), 492-503. https://doi.org/10.25307/jssr.1722626

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