Technical Brief

Time Series Forecasting Transformer and Prophet Model

Volume: 15 Number: 1 July 31, 2025
EN TR

Time Series Forecasting Transformer and Prophet Model

Abstract

A time series is a sequence of temporal data obtained at specific intervals. These intervals can represent equal time periods such as daily, weekly, monthly, or yearly, or irregular and unequal time periods. Time series forecasting involves predicting future values of the target variable using its past values. This process involves identifying temporal variations such as trend, seasonality, and noise to make predictions about future values. In time series analysis, machine learning include data analysis, preprocessing, normalization, transformations, time based features, error optimization, and model accuracy optimization. Machine learning methods provide greater efficiency compared to traditional methods, especially when the volume and complexity of data and variables increase. Deep learning, in particular, offers advantages in time series forecasting by capturing long-term dependencies and handling large and complex datasets. Machine learning and deep learning models can achieve high accuracy, interpretability, and fast results for multivariate time series forecasting. In this study, the Prophet model and the Transformer model, which is one of the most advanced methods of recent times and has shown effective results in many fields, were used for future time series forecasting. The study focused on the inclusion of numerous endogenous and exogenous factors, the comparison of the performance of these two methods, the variable augmentation and the calculation of variable importances by incorporating error weights for each variable into the models, and the combined use of these methods to achieve high accuracy.

Keywords

Ethical Statement

The authors declare that this document does not require ethics committee approval or any special permission. Our study does not cause any harm to the environment and does not involve the use of animal or human subjects.

Thanks

The authors thank Fırat University for providing the necessary facilities and resources to conduct the research.

References

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Details

Primary Language

English

Subjects

Statistics (Other)

Journal Section

Technical Brief

Publication Date

July 31, 2025

Submission Date

February 28, 2025

Acceptance Date

July 7, 2025

Published in Issue

Year 2025 Volume: 15 Number: 1

APA
Yılmaz, S., Yalaz, S., & Çalik, S. (2025). Time Series Forecasting Transformer and Prophet Model. İstatistik Araştırma Dergisi, 15(1), 9-16. https://izlik.org/JA44RZ74EA
AMA
1.Yılmaz S, Yalaz S, Çalik S. Time Series Forecasting Transformer and Prophet Model. JSRTR. 2025;15(1):9-16. https://izlik.org/JA44RZ74EA
Chicago
Yılmaz, Sibel, Seçil Yalaz, and Sinan Çalik. 2025. “Time Series Forecasting Transformer and Prophet Model”. İstatistik Araştırma Dergisi 15 (1): 9-16. https://izlik.org/JA44RZ74EA.
EndNote
Yılmaz S, Yalaz S, Çalik S (July 1, 2025) Time Series Forecasting Transformer and Prophet Model. İstatistik Araştırma Dergisi 15 1 9–16.
IEEE
[1]S. Yılmaz, S. Yalaz, and S. Çalik, “Time Series Forecasting Transformer and Prophet Model”, JSRTR, vol. 15, no. 1, pp. 9–16, July 2025, [Online]. Available: https://izlik.org/JA44RZ74EA
ISNAD
Yılmaz, Sibel - Yalaz, Seçil - Çalik, Sinan. “Time Series Forecasting Transformer and Prophet Model”. İstatistik Araştırma Dergisi 15/1 (July 1, 2025): 9-16. https://izlik.org/JA44RZ74EA.
JAMA
1.Yılmaz S, Yalaz S, Çalik S. Time Series Forecasting Transformer and Prophet Model. JSRTR. 2025;15:9–16.
MLA
Yılmaz, Sibel, et al. “Time Series Forecasting Transformer and Prophet Model”. İstatistik Araştırma Dergisi, vol. 15, no. 1, July 2025, pp. 9-16, https://izlik.org/JA44RZ74EA.
Vancouver
1.Sibel Yılmaz, Seçil Yalaz, Sinan Çalik. Time Series Forecasting Transformer and Prophet Model. JSRTR [Internet]. 2025 Jul. 1;15(1):9-16. Available from: https://izlik.org/JA44RZ74EA