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Türkiye'de İller İtibariyle Kişi Başına Gelir Eşitsizliğinin Kalıcılığı: Panel Birim Kök Analizi ile Bir Değerlendirme

Year 2007, Volume: 5 Issue: 2, 44 - 51, 14.12.2007

Abstract

Bu çalışmada 1975-2001 dönemi için Türkiye'de il düzeyinde kişi başına reel gayri safi yurtiçi hasıla eşitsizliğinin kalıcılığı incelenmiştir. İller arasındaki farklılık Im, Pesaran ve Shin-IPS (2003) tarafindan geliştirilen, IPS panel birim kök testi ile değerlendirilmiştir. Çalışmada ulaşılan bulgular birim kökün yokluk hipotezinin reddedilemediğini göstermektedir. Bu nedenle Türkiye'de iller itibariyle eşitsizliğin kalıcı olduğu sonucuna ulaşılmıştır.

References

  • Bai, J. ve Perron, P., 2001. Multiple stmctural change models: a simulation analysis, in Corbae P. D., Durlauf S. N. and Hansen B. E. (eds), Econometric Theory and Practice. Frontiers of Analysis and Applied Research, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge.
  • Baltagi, B. H., 2005. Econometric Analysis of Panel Data, Third Edition, England: John Wiley & Sons Ltd.
  • Barro, R. and Sala-i Martin, X., 1991. Convergence across states and regions, Brooking Papers and Economic Activity, 1, 107-182.
  • Berber, M. Yamak, R.ve Artan S., 2000. Türkiye' de yakınlaşma hipotezinin bölgeler bazında geçerliliği üzerine ampirik bir çalışma: 1975-1997., 9. Ulusal Bölge Bilimi ve Bölge Planlama Kongresi Bildiri Kitabı, 51-59.
  • Bernard A., B. ve Jones C., 1996. Productivity growth across industries and countries: time series theorv and evidence, Review of Economics and Statistics, 78. 135-146.
  • Campbell, J. ve Mankiw, G., 1987. Are output fluctions transitory?, Quarterly Journal of Economics, 102, 857-880.
  • Cochrane, J., 1988. How big is random walk in GDP?, Journal of Political Economy, 96, 893-992.
  • Caporale, G. M. ve Cerrato M., 2006. Panel data tests of PPP: a critical overview, Applied Financial Economics, 16.73-91.
  • Dogruel, F. ve Dogruel, S., 2003. Türkiye'de bölgesel gelir farklılıkları ve büyüme. (içinde) Köse, A.H., Şenses, F. ve Yeldan, E. (Der.), İktisat Üzerine Yazılar I: Küresel Düzen, Birikim, Devlet ve Sınıflar, İstanbul, İletişim Yayınları, 287-318.
  • Erk, N., Ateş, S. ve Direkçi, T., 2000. Convergence and growth within GAP region (South Eastern Anatolia Project) and overall Turkey' s regions. IV. ODTÜ Uluslararası Ekonomi Kongresi, 13-16 Eylül, Ankara.
  • Filiztekin, A., 1998. Convergence across industries and provinces in Turkey, Koc University Working Paper No. 1998/08.
  • Fleissig, A. R. ve Strauss, J., 2001. Panel unit root tests of OECD stochastic convergence, Review of International Economics, 9,153-162.
  • Gezici, F. ve Hewings, G.J.D., 2001. Regional convergence and the economic performance of peripheral areas in Turkey, REAL Discussion Papers, No: 01-T-13.
  • Holmes, M. J, 2002. Convergence in international output: evidence from panel data unit root tests, Journal of Economic Integration, 17,826- 38.
  • Im, K.S., Pesaran H. ve Shin Y., 2003. Testing for unit roots in heterogeneous panels, Journal of Econometrics, 115,53-74.
  • Karaca, O., 2004. Türkiye'de bölgeler arası gelir farklılıkları: yakınsama var mı?, Turkish Economic Association Discussion Paper No.: 2004/7.
  • Levin, A., Lin, C. F. ve Chu, C. S., 2002 Unit root tests in panel data: asymptotic and finite-sample properties, Journal of Econometrics, 108, pp. 1-24.
  • Lima, M. A.ve Resende, M., 2007. Convergence of per capita GDP in Brazil: an empirical note, Applied Economic Letters, 14,333-335.
  • Maddala, G. S. ve Wu, S., 1999. A comparative study of unit root tests with panel data and a new simple test, Oxford Bulletin of Economics and Statistics, Special Issue, 631-52.
  • Nelson, C. ve Plosser, C., 1982. Trends and random walks in macroeconomic time series: some evidence and implications, Journal of Monetary Economics, 10, 139-169.
  • Perron, P., 1989. The great crash, the oil price shock, and the unit root hypothesis, Econometrica, 57, 1361-1401.
  • Sachs, J. D., Bajpai, N. ve Ramiah, A., 2002. Understanding regional economic growth in India. Harvard CID Working Paper, No: 88.
  • Tansel, A. ve Güngör N.D., 1998. Economic growth and convergence: an application to the provinces of Turkey, 1975-1995, ERC Working Paper No.98/9, Economic Research Centre, Middle East Technical University.

The Persistence for Inequality of Real Gross Domestic Product Per Capita at Province Level in Turkey: An Overview with Panel Data Unit Root Test

Year 2007, Volume: 5 Issue: 2, 44 - 51, 14.12.2007

Abstract

This article examined the persistence of real gross domestic product per capita at the province level in Turkey for the period 1975-2001. Departures across cites were appraised in terms of Im-Pesaran-Shin (IPS) panel data unit root test suggested by Im, Pesaran and Shin (2003). In article, it is illustrated that one cannot reject the null hypothesis of unit root. The results indicate a strong form of persistence for real gross domestic product per capita inequality at province level.

References

  • Bai, J. ve Perron, P., 2001. Multiple stmctural change models: a simulation analysis, in Corbae P. D., Durlauf S. N. and Hansen B. E. (eds), Econometric Theory and Practice. Frontiers of Analysis and Applied Research, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge.
  • Baltagi, B. H., 2005. Econometric Analysis of Panel Data, Third Edition, England: John Wiley & Sons Ltd.
  • Barro, R. and Sala-i Martin, X., 1991. Convergence across states and regions, Brooking Papers and Economic Activity, 1, 107-182.
  • Berber, M. Yamak, R.ve Artan S., 2000. Türkiye' de yakınlaşma hipotezinin bölgeler bazında geçerliliği üzerine ampirik bir çalışma: 1975-1997., 9. Ulusal Bölge Bilimi ve Bölge Planlama Kongresi Bildiri Kitabı, 51-59.
  • Bernard A., B. ve Jones C., 1996. Productivity growth across industries and countries: time series theorv and evidence, Review of Economics and Statistics, 78. 135-146.
  • Campbell, J. ve Mankiw, G., 1987. Are output fluctions transitory?, Quarterly Journal of Economics, 102, 857-880.
  • Cochrane, J., 1988. How big is random walk in GDP?, Journal of Political Economy, 96, 893-992.
  • Caporale, G. M. ve Cerrato M., 2006. Panel data tests of PPP: a critical overview, Applied Financial Economics, 16.73-91.
  • Dogruel, F. ve Dogruel, S., 2003. Türkiye'de bölgesel gelir farklılıkları ve büyüme. (içinde) Köse, A.H., Şenses, F. ve Yeldan, E. (Der.), İktisat Üzerine Yazılar I: Küresel Düzen, Birikim, Devlet ve Sınıflar, İstanbul, İletişim Yayınları, 287-318.
  • Erk, N., Ateş, S. ve Direkçi, T., 2000. Convergence and growth within GAP region (South Eastern Anatolia Project) and overall Turkey' s regions. IV. ODTÜ Uluslararası Ekonomi Kongresi, 13-16 Eylül, Ankara.
  • Filiztekin, A., 1998. Convergence across industries and provinces in Turkey, Koc University Working Paper No. 1998/08.
  • Fleissig, A. R. ve Strauss, J., 2001. Panel unit root tests of OECD stochastic convergence, Review of International Economics, 9,153-162.
  • Gezici, F. ve Hewings, G.J.D., 2001. Regional convergence and the economic performance of peripheral areas in Turkey, REAL Discussion Papers, No: 01-T-13.
  • Holmes, M. J, 2002. Convergence in international output: evidence from panel data unit root tests, Journal of Economic Integration, 17,826- 38.
  • Im, K.S., Pesaran H. ve Shin Y., 2003. Testing for unit roots in heterogeneous panels, Journal of Econometrics, 115,53-74.
  • Karaca, O., 2004. Türkiye'de bölgeler arası gelir farklılıkları: yakınsama var mı?, Turkish Economic Association Discussion Paper No.: 2004/7.
  • Levin, A., Lin, C. F. ve Chu, C. S., 2002 Unit root tests in panel data: asymptotic and finite-sample properties, Journal of Econometrics, 108, pp. 1-24.
  • Lima, M. A.ve Resende, M., 2007. Convergence of per capita GDP in Brazil: an empirical note, Applied Economic Letters, 14,333-335.
  • Maddala, G. S. ve Wu, S., 1999. A comparative study of unit root tests with panel data and a new simple test, Oxford Bulletin of Economics and Statistics, Special Issue, 631-52.
  • Nelson, C. ve Plosser, C., 1982. Trends and random walks in macroeconomic time series: some evidence and implications, Journal of Monetary Economics, 10, 139-169.
  • Perron, P., 1989. The great crash, the oil price shock, and the unit root hypothesis, Econometrica, 57, 1361-1401.
  • Sachs, J. D., Bajpai, N. ve Ramiah, A., 2002. Understanding regional economic growth in India. Harvard CID Working Paper, No: 88.
  • Tansel, A. ve Güngör N.D., 1998. Economic growth and convergence: an application to the provinces of Turkey, 1975-1995, ERC Working Paper No.98/9, Economic Research Centre, Middle East Technical University.
There are 23 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language Turkish
Subjects Economics
Journal Section Research Articles
Authors

Ferit Kula

Alper Aslan This is me

Publication Date December 14, 2007
Published in Issue Year 2007 Volume: 5 Issue: 2

Cite

APA Kula, F., & Aslan, A. (2007). Türkiye’de İller İtibariyle Kişi Başına Gelir Eşitsizliğinin Kalıcılığı: Panel Birim Kök Analizi ile Bir Değerlendirme. İstatistik Araştırma Dergisi, 5(2), 44-51.