İş Birliği ve Rekabet İkilemi: Rekabetçi İş Birliğinin Firmaların Rekabetçi Davranışlarına Etkisi

Abstract

Rekabetçi iş birliği hem literatürde hem de uygulamada artan ilgiye sahiptir. Ancak şiddetli rekabet ortamında rakiplerle iş birliği gerçekleştirmek firmaları tedirgin etmekte ve strateji arayışına yöneltmektedir. Bu nedenle bu araştırmada, aynı rekabetçi iş birliği ağında yer alan firmaların rakipleriyle aynı anda hem iş birliği içerisinde olmasının hem de rekabet etmesinin rekabetçi davranışlarını etkileyip etkilemediğini araştırılmaktadır. Araştırmada öncelikle rekabet boyutu için rekabetçi davranışı belirleyebilmek amacıyla rekabetçi hamlelere odaklanılmış. Ardından iş birliği boyutunu için rakip firmaların birbirleriyle oluşturdukları iş birliklerine ve sektör içerisinde bu iş birliklerinden oluşan rekabetçi iş birliği ağına odaklanılmıştır. Türk havayolu sektörü, bu araştırmada örneklem olarak seçilmiştir. Rekabetçi hamle ve rekabetçi iş birliklerine yönelik verilerin elde edilmesinde yapılandırılmış içerik analizi ile kodlama yapılmıştır. Kodlanan verilen nicelleştirilerek regresyon analizi ile analiz edildiğinde firmaların, rekabetçi iş birliği ilişkilerinin özelliklerinden ve yapısından yola çıkarak rekabetçi davranışların öngörülebileceği sonucuna ulaşılmıştır. Rekabetçi iş birliği ağı içerisinde yapısal özelliklerden firmanın merkeziliği arttıkça rekabetçiliği de artmakta iken yapısal özerkliği ve bağlarının gücü arttıkça rekabetçiliği gerilemektedir. Firmaların rekabetçi iş birliği ilişkilerinin özelliklerinde pazar örtüşümü artıkça firma agresifliği ve hamle repertuarı çeşitliliği artmaktadır. Rekabetçi iş birliği anlaşmalarının kapsamının genişletilmesi, hamle repertuarlarının çeşitliliğini etkileyerek rekabetçi davranışı arttırdığı görülmektedir.

Keywords

• Rekabet Dinamikleri
• Rekabetçi Davranış
• Rekabetçi Hamle
• Rekabetçi İşbirliği
• Rekabetçi İşbirliği Ağı
• Strateji
• Türk Havayolu Sektörü

The Cooperation and Competition Dilemma: The Impact of Coopetition on Firms’ Competitive Behaviors

Abstract

Co-opetition has received increasing attention both in literature and practice. This study explores how simultaneous collaboration and competition with rivals affect the competitive behavior of firms in the same co-opetition network. The study first focuses on competitive moves to identify competitive behavior for the competition dimension. Then, it focuses on the collaborations that competitors form with each other for the cooperation dimension and the co-opetition network formed by collaborations within the sector. The sample of the study is the firms operating in the Turkish airline sector. Data on moves and collaborations were collected through structured content analysis using explicit and implicit coding techniques and analyzed using OLS regression. As a result, competitive behaviors can be predicted based on the characteristics and structure of firms’ co-opetitive relationships. Among the structural characteristics of the co-opetition network, as the centrality of the firm increases, its competitiveness increases, while its competitiveness decreases as its structural autonomy and the strength of its ties increase. In terms of the characteristics of firms’ co-opetitive relationships, as market overlap increases, firm aggressiveness and the diversity of its repertoire of moves increase. Expanding the scope of co-opetition agreements also increases competitive behavior by affecting the diversity of move repertoires.

Keywords

• Competitive Dynamics
• Competitive Behavior
• Competitive Move
• Co-Opetition
• Co-Opetition Network
• Strategy
• Turkish Airline Sector

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