Trabzon Şehri Turizm Rotası Optimizasyonu için Zaman Pencereli Oryantiring Problemi

Abstract

Bu çalışma, Oryantiring Problemi (OP) olarak adlandırılan bir optimizasyon problemine odaklanmaktadır. Oryantiring, katılımcıların harita ve pusula kullanarak şehirden uzak bir arazide kontrol noktalarını en hızlı şekilde bulmaya çalıştığı bir spordur. OP, her düğüme uğrama zorunluluğu olmaksızın elde edilen skoru en büyüklemeye çalışan bir problem olarak tanımlanmaktadır. Bu problemin gerçek hayatta personel yönlendirme ve afet yardımı yönlendirme gibi birçok uygulaması bulunmaktadır ve turizm uygulamalarında da farklı iller için kullanılmaktadır. Bu çalışma, Karadeniz bölgesine olan artan ilgi göz önünde bulundurularak Trabzon şehrindeki turizm rotası optimizasyonu için uygun görülmüştür. Trabzon şehri için belirlenen zaman aralığında, turistlerin belirlenmiş başlangıç noktasından başlayarak sıradaki konumlara uğramasıyla en yüksek karı/faydayı sağlayan bir turizm rotası oluşturma problemi Zaman Pencereli Oryantiring Problemi (ZP-OP) olarak ele alınmıştır. Bu şekilde, turun başka bir noktada sonuçlanması hedeflenmiştir. Bu çalışmada, ziyaret noktalarının fayda puanları (skorları) belirlenirken, yaygın kullanılan Çok Kriterli Karar Verme (ÇKKV) yöntemlerinden olan Analitik Hiyerarşi Prosesi (AHP) ve Technique For Order Preference By Similarity To An Ideal Solution (TOPSIS) yöntemlerinden faydalanılmıştır. Ayrıca, her bir düğüm noktası için ziyaret edilebileceği en uygun zaman aralığı modele zaman penceresi olarak entegre edilmiştir. Problemdeki turizm rotasının çözümü için Karışık Tamsayılı Matematiksel Model oluşturulmuş ve CPLEX programı kullanılarak çözümlenmiştir. Bu çalışma, Trabzon şehrinde bulunan turistik noktaların ve ziyaret edilebilecek diğer konumların en uygun zaman aralıklarında dikkate alınarak turistlerin en verimli ve keyifli turizm rotası oluşturması için önemli bir adım sağlamaktadır.

Keywords

• Oryantiring Problemi
• Zaman penceresi
• Trabzon
• Turizm
• ÇKKV

The Orienteering Problem with Time Windows for Optimizing Trabzon City’s Tourism Route

Abstract

This study focuses on the optimization problem known as the orienteering problem (OP). Orienteering is a sport in which participants use a map and compass to find checkpoints in a remote urban terrain as fast as possible. OP is defined as a problem that tries to maximize the score obtained without having to visit each node. This problem has many applications in real life, such as personnel routing and disaster relief routing, and is also used in different provinces for tourism applications. When considering the increasing interest in the Black Sea region, this study considers optimizing the tourism routes in Trabzon city a suitable topic. The study considers the orienteering problem with time windows (OPTW) for creating a tourism route that provides the highest utility and benefit regarding the city of Trabzon within the specified time interval by starting from the designated starting point and stopping at the subsequent locations, thus aiming to end the tour at some other point. This study utilizes the analytical hierarchy process (AHP) and the technique for order preference by similarity to an ideal solution (TOPSIS), which are widely used multi-criteria decision-making (MCDM) methods, to determine the benefit scores of the visitation points. In addition, the optimal time interval for each node to be visited is integrated into the model as a time window. A mixed integer mathematical model was created for solving the tourism route in the problem using CPLEX software. This study provides an important step in allowing tourists to create the most efficient and enjoyable tourism route by considering the touristic points and other locations that can be visited in Trabzon city over the most appropriate time intervals.

Keywords

• orienteering problem
• time windows
• Trabzon
• Tourism
• multi-criteria decision making

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