This paper introduces a novel category of cooperative games called
cooperative bubbly grey games, in which the value of each coalition
is represented by a grey bubble rather than a numerical value. To
be exact, rather of using actual numbers, the coalition values are rep-
resented as bubbles. Accordingly, we use the cooperative grey game
model to overcome the bubbly uncertainty. Both the idea of the bub-
bly core and the cooperative bubbly game concept are introduced.
Grey data may be used as a tool in cooperative grey games to address
pro t or cost-sharing challenges. When considering cooperative grey
bubbly games, we can take the advantage of the fact that each bubble
are characterized exactly by grey numbers where the logarithmic grey
price process is represented with bubbles. Additionally, the bubbly
core, a novel solution concept, is presented. In addition, a numerical
example is provided along with a required criterion for non-emptiness
of the bubbly grey core of such a game.
Alparslan Gök, S.Z. (2009). Cooperative interval games. PhD Dissertation Thesis, Institute of Applied
Alparslan Gök, S. Z., Miquel, S., & Tijs, S. H. (2009). Cooperation under interval uncertainty. Mathematical
Methods of Operations Research, 69(1), 99-109. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00186-008-0211-3
Alparslan Gök, S. Z. (2010). Cooperative interval games: theory and applications. LAP LAMBERT Academic
Publishing.
Alparslan Gök, S. Z., Ergün, S., Krlar, B. B., Özcan, İ., & Tayman, A. (2023). Fuzzy perspective of online
games by using cryptography and cooperative game theory. International Journal of Uncertainty, Fuzziness and
Knowledge-Based Systems, 31(06), 891-915. https://doi.org/10.1142/S021848852350040X
Branzei, R., Branzei, O., Alparslan Gök, S. Z., & Tijs, S. (2010). Cooperative interval games: a survey. Central
European Journal of Operations Research, 18(3), 397-411. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10100-009-0116-0
Deng, J. (1982). Control problems of grey systems. Systems & control letters, 1(5), 288-294.
Granot, D. (1977). Cooperative games in stochastic characteristic function form. Management Science, 23(6),
621-630. https://doi.org/10.1287/mnsc.23.6.621
Kürüm, E., Weber, G. W., & İyigün, C. (2014). Financial bubbles. In Modeling, Dynamics, Optimization and
Bioeconomics I: Contributions from ICMOD 2010 and the 5th Bioeconomy Conference 2012 (pp. 453-468).
Springer International Publishing.
Kürüm, E., Weber, G. W., & Iyigun, C. (2018). Early warning on stock market bubbles via methods of
optimization, clustering and inverse problems. Annals of Operations Research, 260(1), 293-320.
https://doi.org/10.1007/s10479-017-2496-1
Mallozzi, L., Scalzo, V., & Tijs, S. (2011). Fuzzy interval cooperative games. Fuzzy Sets and Systems, 165(1),
98-105. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fss.2010.06.005
Moore, R. E. (1979). Methods and applications of interval analysis. Society for Industrial and Applied
Mathematics.
Olgun, M. O., Alparslan Gök, S. Z., & Özdemir, G. (2016). Cooperative grey games and an application on
economic order quantity model. Kybernetes, 45(5), 828-838. https://doi.org/10.1108/k-06-2015-0160
Özcan, İ., & Alparslan Gök, S. Z. (2021). On the fuzzy interval equal surplus sharing solutions. Kybernetes,
51(9), 2753-2767. https://doi.org/10.1108/K-09-2020-0554
Özcan, İ., & Aytar, S. (2022). Application of polygonal fuzzy numbers to the basic economic order quantity
model. OPSEARCH, 59, 482--493. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12597-021-00529-1
Özcan, İ., & Alparslan Gök, S. Z. (2022). Airport situations and games with fuzzy uncertainty. In International
Conference on Science, Engineering Management and Information Technology (pp. 50-60). Cham: Springer
Nature Switzerland.
Özcan, İ., Alparslan Gök, S. Z., & Weber, G. (2023). On Sequencing Fuzzy Interval Games. Management and
Production Engineering Review, 14(4), 10-18. https://doi.org/10.24425/mper.2023.147199
Özcan, İ., & Alparslan Gök, S. Z. (2024). On big boss grey games. Journal of Dynamics and Games, 11(4), 335-
347. https://doi.org/10.3934/jdg.2024007
Özcan, İ., Śledziński, J. D., Alparslan Gök, S. Z., Meca, A., Weber, G. W., Butlewski, M., & Kocadag, E.
(2024). A game theory perspective on strategic profit distribution in complex it projects. Journal of Industrial
and Management Optimization. https://doi.org/10.3934/jimo.2024135
Palancı, O., Alparslan Gök, S. Z., & Weber, G. W. (2014). Cooperative games under bubbly uncertainty.
Mathematical Methods of Operations Research, 80(2), 129-137. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00186-014-0472-y
Palancı, O., Alparslan Gök, S. Z., Ergün, S., & Weber, G. W. (2015). Cooperative grey games and the grey
Shapley value. Optimization, 64(8), 1657-1668. https://doi.org/10.1080/02331934.2014.956743
Palancı, O., Olgun, M. O., Ergun, S., Alparslan Gok, S. Z., & Weber, G. W. (2017). Cooperative grey games:
Grey solutions and an optimization algorithm. International Journal of Supply and Operations Management,
4(3), 202-215.
Savku, E., & Weber, G. W. (2018). A stochastic maximum principle for a markov regime-switching jumpdiffusion
model with delay and an application to finance. Journal of optimization theory and applications,
179(2), 696-721. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10957-017-1159-3
Savku, E., & Weber, G. W. (2021). A regime-switching model with applications to finance: markovian and nonmarkovian
cases. Dynamic Economic Problems with Regime Switches, 287-309. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-
030-54576-5_13
Savku, E., & Weber, G. W. (2022). Stochastic differential games for optimal investment problems in a Markov
regime-switching jump-diffusion market. Annals of Operations Research, 312(2), 1171-1196.
https://doi.org/10.1007/s10479-020-03768-5
Suijs, J., Borm, P., De Waegenaere, A., & Tijs, S. (1999). Cooperative games with stochastic payoffs. European
Journal of Operational Research, 113(1), 193-205.
Tirkolaee, E. B., Goli, A., & Weber, G. W. (2020). Fuzzy mathematical programming and self-adaptive artificial
fish swarm algorithm for just-in-time energy-aware flow shop scheduling problem with outsourcing option.
IEEE transactions on fuzzy systems, 28(11), 2772-2783. https://doi.org/10.1109/TFUZZ.2020.2998174.
Ylmaz, U. A., Alparslan Gok, S. Z., Ekici, M., & Palanci, O. (2018). On the Grey Equal Surplus Sharing
Solutions. International Journal of Supply and Operations Management, 5(1), 1-10.
Zhang, J., Wu, D., & Olson, D. L. (2005). The method of grey related analysis to multiple attribute decision
making problems with interval numbers. Mathematical and computer modelling, 42(9-10), 991-998.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mcm.2005.03.003
Alparslan Gök, S.Z. (2009). Cooperative interval games. PhD Dissertation Thesis, Institute of Applied
Alparslan Gök, S. Z., Miquel, S., & Tijs, S. H. (2009). Cooperation under interval uncertainty. Mathematical
Methods of Operations Research, 69(1), 99-109. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00186-008-0211-3
Alparslan Gök, S. Z. (2010). Cooperative interval games: theory and applications. LAP LAMBERT Academic
Publishing.
Alparslan Gök, S. Z., Ergün, S., Krlar, B. B., Özcan, İ., & Tayman, A. (2023). Fuzzy perspective of online
games by using cryptography and cooperative game theory. International Journal of Uncertainty, Fuzziness and
Knowledge-Based Systems, 31(06), 891-915. https://doi.org/10.1142/S021848852350040X
Branzei, R., Branzei, O., Alparslan Gök, S. Z., & Tijs, S. (2010). Cooperative interval games: a survey. Central
European Journal of Operations Research, 18(3), 397-411. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10100-009-0116-0
Deng, J. (1982). Control problems of grey systems. Systems & control letters, 1(5), 288-294.
Granot, D. (1977). Cooperative games in stochastic characteristic function form. Management Science, 23(6),
621-630. https://doi.org/10.1287/mnsc.23.6.621
Kürüm, E., Weber, G. W., & İyigün, C. (2014). Financial bubbles. In Modeling, Dynamics, Optimization and
Bioeconomics I: Contributions from ICMOD 2010 and the 5th Bioeconomy Conference 2012 (pp. 453-468).
Springer International Publishing.
Kürüm, E., Weber, G. W., & Iyigun, C. (2018). Early warning on stock market bubbles via methods of
optimization, clustering and inverse problems. Annals of Operations Research, 260(1), 293-320.
https://doi.org/10.1007/s10479-017-2496-1
Mallozzi, L., Scalzo, V., & Tijs, S. (2011). Fuzzy interval cooperative games. Fuzzy Sets and Systems, 165(1),
98-105. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fss.2010.06.005
Moore, R. E. (1979). Methods and applications of interval analysis. Society for Industrial and Applied
Mathematics.
Olgun, M. O., Alparslan Gök, S. Z., & Özdemir, G. (2016). Cooperative grey games and an application on
economic order quantity model. Kybernetes, 45(5), 828-838. https://doi.org/10.1108/k-06-2015-0160
Özcan, İ., & Alparslan Gök, S. Z. (2021). On the fuzzy interval equal surplus sharing solutions. Kybernetes,
51(9), 2753-2767. https://doi.org/10.1108/K-09-2020-0554
Özcan, İ., & Aytar, S. (2022). Application of polygonal fuzzy numbers to the basic economic order quantity
model. OPSEARCH, 59, 482--493. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12597-021-00529-1
Özcan, İ., & Alparslan Gök, S. Z. (2022). Airport situations and games with fuzzy uncertainty. In International
Conference on Science, Engineering Management and Information Technology (pp. 50-60). Cham: Springer
Nature Switzerland.
Özcan, İ., Alparslan Gök, S. Z., & Weber, G. (2023). On Sequencing Fuzzy Interval Games. Management and
Production Engineering Review, 14(4), 10-18. https://doi.org/10.24425/mper.2023.147199
Özcan, İ., & Alparslan Gök, S. Z. (2024). On big boss grey games. Journal of Dynamics and Games, 11(4), 335-
347. https://doi.org/10.3934/jdg.2024007
Özcan, İ., Śledziński, J. D., Alparslan Gök, S. Z., Meca, A., Weber, G. W., Butlewski, M., & Kocadag, E.
(2024). A game theory perspective on strategic profit distribution in complex it projects. Journal of Industrial
and Management Optimization. https://doi.org/10.3934/jimo.2024135
Palancı, O., Alparslan Gök, S. Z., & Weber, G. W. (2014). Cooperative games under bubbly uncertainty.
Mathematical Methods of Operations Research, 80(2), 129-137. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00186-014-0472-y
Palancı, O., Alparslan Gök, S. Z., Ergün, S., & Weber, G. W. (2015). Cooperative grey games and the grey
Shapley value. Optimization, 64(8), 1657-1668. https://doi.org/10.1080/02331934.2014.956743
Palancı, O., Olgun, M. O., Ergun, S., Alparslan Gok, S. Z., & Weber, G. W. (2017). Cooperative grey games:
Grey solutions and an optimization algorithm. International Journal of Supply and Operations Management,
4(3), 202-215.
Savku, E., & Weber, G. W. (2018). A stochastic maximum principle for a markov regime-switching jumpdiffusion
model with delay and an application to finance. Journal of optimization theory and applications,
179(2), 696-721. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10957-017-1159-3
Savku, E., & Weber, G. W. (2021). A regime-switching model with applications to finance: markovian and nonmarkovian
cases. Dynamic Economic Problems with Regime Switches, 287-309. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-
030-54576-5_13
Savku, E., & Weber, G. W. (2022). Stochastic differential games for optimal investment problems in a Markov
regime-switching jump-diffusion market. Annals of Operations Research, 312(2), 1171-1196.
https://doi.org/10.1007/s10479-020-03768-5
Suijs, J., Borm, P., De Waegenaere, A., & Tijs, S. (1999). Cooperative games with stochastic payoffs. European
Journal of Operational Research, 113(1), 193-205.
Tirkolaee, E. B., Goli, A., & Weber, G. W. (2020). Fuzzy mathematical programming and self-adaptive artificial
fish swarm algorithm for just-in-time energy-aware flow shop scheduling problem with outsourcing option.
IEEE transactions on fuzzy systems, 28(11), 2772-2783. https://doi.org/10.1109/TFUZZ.2020.2998174.
Ylmaz, U. A., Alparslan Gok, S. Z., Ekici, M., & Palanci, O. (2018). On the Grey Equal Surplus Sharing
Solutions. International Journal of Supply and Operations Management, 5(1), 1-10.
Zhang, J., Wu, D., & Olson, D. L. (2005). The method of grey related analysis to multiple attribute decision
making problems with interval numbers. Mathematical and computer modelling, 42(9-10), 991-998.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mcm.2005.03.003
Özcan, İ., Alparslan Gök, S. Z., & Weber, G.-w. (2024). On the core of cooperative grey games under bubbly uncertainty. Journal of Turkish Operations Management, 8(2), 530-536. https://doi.org/10.56554/jtom.1285698
AMA
Özcan İ, Alparslan Gök SZ, Weber Gw. On the core of cooperative grey games under bubbly uncertainty. JTOM. December 2024;8(2):530-536. doi:10.56554/jtom.1285698
Chicago
Özcan, İsmail, Sırma Zeynep Alparslan Gök, and Gerhard-wilhelm Weber. “On the Core of Cooperative Grey Games under Bubbly Uncertainty”. Journal of Turkish Operations Management 8, no. 2 (December 2024): 530-36. https://doi.org/10.56554/jtom.1285698.
EndNote
Özcan İ, Alparslan Gök SZ, Weber G-w (December 1, 2024) On the core of cooperative grey games under bubbly uncertainty. Journal of Turkish Operations Management 8 2 530–536.
IEEE
İ. Özcan, S. Z. Alparslan Gök, and G.-w. Weber, “On the core of cooperative grey games under bubbly uncertainty”, JTOM, vol. 8, no. 2, pp. 530–536, 2024, doi: 10.56554/jtom.1285698.
ISNAD
Özcan, İsmail et al. “On the Core of Cooperative Grey Games under Bubbly Uncertainty”. Journal of Turkish Operations Management 8/2 (December 2024), 530-536. https://doi.org/10.56554/jtom.1285698.
JAMA
Özcan İ, Alparslan Gök SZ, Weber G-w. On the core of cooperative grey games under bubbly uncertainty. JTOM. 2024;8:530–536.
MLA
Özcan, İsmail et al. “On the Core of Cooperative Grey Games under Bubbly Uncertainty”. Journal of Turkish Operations Management, vol. 8, no. 2, 2024, pp. 530-6, doi:10.56554/jtom.1285698.
Vancouver
Özcan İ, Alparslan Gök SZ, Weber G-w. On the core of cooperative grey games under bubbly uncertainty. JTOM. 2024;8(2):530-6.