Evaluation of the Effects of Knee Flexion, Knee Extension, and Hip Adduction Strength on In-Water Jump Performance in Elite Adult Male Water Polo Players

Abstract

The aim of this study was to examine the relationship between knee flexion-extension and hip adduction-abduction strength and in-water jump performance in elite adult male water polo players. Twelve elite adult male water polo players participated in the study. Knee flexion, knee extension, hip adduction, and hip abduction strength were assessed bilaterally using a Biodex isokinetic dynamometer at an angular velocity of 60°/s. Peak torque, relative torque, average power, hamstring/quadriceps ratio, and adductor/abductor reciprocal ratios were evaluated. In-water jump height was measured according to the Platanou (2005) protocol. The findings showed that in-water jump performance was associated particularly with relative lower-extremity strength and power characteristics. Significant relationships were observed especially for knee flexion-extension and hip-related strength parameters, suggesting that performance cannot be explained by absolute force values alone. In conclusion, muscular strength should be considered together with technical execution, functional between-limb differences, and aquatic coordination when evaluating in-water jump performance in water polo.

Keywords

• water polo
• in-water jump
• isokinetic strength

Üst Düzey Yetişkin Erkek Su Topu Sporcularında Diz Fleksiyon, Ekstansiyon, Kalça Addüksiyon ve Abdüksiyon Kuvvetinin Su İçi Sıçrama Performansına Etkisinin İncelenmesi

Abstract

Bu çalışmanın amacı, üst düzey yetişkin erkek su topu sporcularında diz fleksiyon-ekstansiyon ile kalça addüksiyon-abdüksiyon kuvvetinin su içi sıçrama performansı ile ilişkisini incelemektir. Araştırmaya 12 üst düzey erkek su topu sporcusu katılmıştır. Diz fleksiyon, diz ekstansiyon, kalça addüksiyon ve abdüksiyon kuvvet ölçümleri Biodex izokinetik dinamometre ile 60°/s açısal hızda, dominant ve non-dominant taraflar için gerçekleştirilmiştir. Değerlendirmede tepe tork, relatif tork, ortalama güç, hamstring/quadriceps oranı ile addüktör/abdüktör karşılıklılık oranları dikkate alınmıştır. Su içi sıçrama yüksekliği Platanou (2005) protokolüne uygun olarak ölçülmüştür. Bulgular, su içi sıçrama performansının özellikle alt ekstremiteye ait relatif kuvvet ve güç özellikleri ile ilişkili olduğunu göstermiştir. Özellikle diz fleksiyon-ekstansiyon ve kalça çevresi kuvvet parametrelerinde anlamlı ilişkiler saptanmış; performansın yalnızca mutlak kuvvet düzeyiyle açıklanamayacağı anlaşılmıştır. Sonuç olarak, su içi sıçrama performansının değerlendirilmesinde kas kuvvetinin yanı sıra teknik uygulama, taraflar arası işlevsel farklılıklar ve su içi koordinasyonun da birlikte ele alınması gerektiği düşünülmektedir.

Keywords

• su topu
• su içi sıçrama
• izokinetik kuvvet

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