Klasik Yunan Dünyasında Pers-Severlik Oluşumu

Year 2019, , 72 - 93, 22.06.2019

Farzad Abedi

https://doi.org/10.38000/juhis.540297

Abstract

Akhaemenid İmparatorluğu'nun M.Ö 6. yüzyılın en önemli olayı olan kuruluşu, antik dünyanın en önemli medeniyet merkezlerindeki tüm kültürel ve sosyal parametreleri değiştirdi. Antik zengin kültürünün tümü ile,Yunanistan, dünyanın bu yeni hükümetinden etkilenmiş ve bu etkiyi Yunan toplumlarının bütün kültürel ve sosyal oranlarında göstermiştir. I. Kserkses'in büyük yürüyüşünden sonra, Batı ile Doğu arasındaki iletişim yeni çok kültürlü toplumlar yaratmada yeni bir fırsat buldu ve Akhaemenid İmparatorluğu'nun lükslüğü bazı Yunan halklarını yeni bir yaşam tarzı, kültür ve hatta kült hâline getirecek şekilde etkiledi ve bu olay “Philo-Persianizm” (Pers Severlik) olarak tanımlanmaktadır. Başkentin kültürel politikaları ve yerel Pers vâlileri, Susa'nın Derikleri ve çok uluslu aileler bu süreci hızlandırdı. Kserkses’in büyük yürüyüşünden bu yana, bu sosyal kimlikler bazı Yunan kent-devletlerinde büyük bir problem hâline geldi. Philo-Persianizm süreci, bölgelerin sosyal ve kültürel durumuna göre farklıydı ve bazen mitolojik anlatılar, bazen birleşmiş kültler ve bazen de İmparatorluğun madeni paraları aracılığıyla gerçekleşti, ama bu yöntemlerin hepsi bazen Akhaemenid İmparatorluğu'nun beşinci uzantısı olarak oynayabilecek yeni, Pers sempatisi olan toplumları yarattı. Argos kent-devleti, Küçük Asya'nın çok uluslu aileleri ve Pers Sever dinî hânedanlar ve kültler, Klasik Dönemde,dünyadaki önemli siyasî olayların sonuçlarını değiştirebilecek Yunan dünyasının en önemli Pers Sevici toplumları olarak sayılabilir.

Keywords

Pers Severlik, Akhaemenid, Yunanistan, Mit, Susa'nın Derikleri

The Foundation of Philo-Persianism in Classical Greek World

Abstract

The establishment of the Achaemenid Empire as the most important occurrence of the 6th century B.C. changed all of cultural and social parameters in the most important civilization centres of the ancient world. Greece, with all of its ancient rich culture has been effected by this new government of the world and has shown this effect in all of its cultural and social proportions of Hellenic societies. After the great march of Xerxes I the communications between West and East found a new opportunity for making new multi-cultural societies and the luxury of the Achaemenid Empire influenced some of Greek peoples to make a new style of life, culture and even cult, that is known as “Philo-Persianism”. The Cultural policies of the capital and the local satraps, the Darics of Susa, and the multi-national houses stepped up this process. Since the great march of Xerxes, these social identities became a great problem for some of Greek city-states. The process of Philo-Persianism was different according to the social and cultural situation of the regions. It happened sometimes by the mythological narrations, sometimes by the unified cults and sometimes by the coins of the Empire, but all of them made new Persian sympathy societies that sometimes could play as the fifth columns of the Achaemenid Empire. The city-state of Argos, the multi-national houses of Asia Minor and the Philo-Persian religious houses and cults could be count as the most important Philo-Persian societies of Greek world, that could change important results of the political events during the Classical period.

Keywords

Philo-Persian, Achaemenid, Greece, Myth, Daric

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