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İlaç Endüstrisi Ekonomik Büyümeyi Yükseltiyor mu? Rekabet Gücü Açısından Bir Yaklaşım

Year 2017, Volume: 12 Issue: 48, 296 - 314, 31.10.2017

Abstract

İlaç endüstrisi, başta ABD, Japonya ve bazı Avrupa ülkeleri olmak üzere birçok gelişmiş ekonomide büyümenin ve rekabet gücünün önemli bir kaynağıdır. Buna karşın ilgili literatür oldukça sınırlı olup, ilaç endüstrisi ile büyüme arasındaki ilişkiyi ticaretle bağlantılı olarak analiz eden az sayıda çalışma bulunmaktadır.  Bu çalışmanın amacı, ilaç endüstrisi ihracatı ile GSYH arasındaki ilişkiyi analiz etmektir. Bu çerçevede öncelikle ülkelerin Açıklanmış Karşılaştırmalı Üstünlük Endeksi hesaplanmıştır. Buna göre, 2014 yılında dünyada 27 ülke ilaç endüstrisi ticaretinde uzmanlaşmıştır. Daha sonra, panel veri yöntemleri kullanılarak, bu ülkelerde 2000-2014 dönemi için, ilaç endüstrisi ihracatı ile GSYH ve kişi başına düşen GSYH değişkenleri arasındaki ilişki test edilmiştir. Sonuçlar, ilaç endüstrisinde uzmanlaşmış ülkelerin bu alandaki ihracatı ile GSYH ve kişi başına düşen GSYH arasında pozitif yönlü bir ilişkiyi göstermektedir. Ayrıca, büyük ölçüde yeni ilaçların/ürünlerin buluşuna ve geliştirilmesine dayanan bu spesifik endüstrinin ihracatında uzmanlaşma düzeyinin yüksek olması da, GSYH’yi ve kişi başına düşen GSYH’yi artırmaktadır.

References

  • Abbott, F. M. 2005. The WTO medicines decision: World pharmaceutical trade and the protection of public health. American Journal of International Law, 99(2), 317. Doi. 10.2307/1562501
  • Barro, R. 1996. Health and economic growth, Mimeo. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University.
  • Barro, R., & Lee, J. 1994. Sources of economic growth. Carnegie-Rochester Conference Series on Public Policy 40, 1–46.
  • Barro, R., & Sala-i Martin, X. 1995. Economic growth. New York: McGraw-Hill.
  • Bloom, D. E., Canning, D., & Sevilla, J. 2004. The effect of health on economic growth: a production function approach. World development, 32(1), 1-13.
  • Bloom, D. E., Canning, D., & Malaney, P. N. 2000. Demographic change and economic growth in Asia.
  • Population and Development Review, 26(supp.), 257–290.
  • Blanc, L. 2015. The European Pharmaceutical Industry in a Global Economy: what drives EU exports of pharmaceuticals? No. 31. European Economic Studies Department, College of Europe.
  • Boldrin, M., & Levine, D. K. 2002. “The pharmaceutical Industry”. In: M. Boldrin and DK Levine, Against Intellectual Monopoly. Chapter 9, 212-242.
  • Boring, A. 2010. Does Foreign Patent Protection Increase the United States' Trade of Pharmaceuticals with Developing Countries. Unpublished paper.

Does Pharmaceutical Industry Boost Economic Growth? A Competitiveness-Related Approach

Year 2017, Volume: 12 Issue: 48, 296 - 314, 31.10.2017

Abstract

Pharmaceutical industry is an important source of growth and competitiveness in many advanced economies, especially in USA, Japan and several European countries. However related literature is scarce, there are only a few studies which have analyzed the relationship between growth and pharmaceutical industry from a trade-related perspective. This study aims to analyze the relationship between pharmaceutical industry exports and GDP. In this context, firstly the Revealed Comparative Advantage Index of all countries in pharmaceutical industry exports are calculated. This index revealed that 27 countries in the world are specialized in pharmaceutical exports by 2014. Then, panel data models are specified to test the relationship between pharmaceutical industry exports and GDP & GDP per capita in these countries for 2000-2014 period. Results indicate that pharmaceutical exports of these specialized countries effect both GDP and GDP per capita positively. High levels of export competitiveness in this particular industry which heavily relies on the discovery and production of new drugs/medical products also contribute to the advancement of economy. 


References

  • Abbott, F. M. 2005. The WTO medicines decision: World pharmaceutical trade and the protection of public health. American Journal of International Law, 99(2), 317. Doi. 10.2307/1562501
  • Barro, R. 1996. Health and economic growth, Mimeo. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University.
  • Barro, R., & Lee, J. 1994. Sources of economic growth. Carnegie-Rochester Conference Series on Public Policy 40, 1–46.
  • Barro, R., & Sala-i Martin, X. 1995. Economic growth. New York: McGraw-Hill.
  • Bloom, D. E., Canning, D., & Sevilla, J. 2004. The effect of health on economic growth: a production function approach. World development, 32(1), 1-13.
  • Bloom, D. E., Canning, D., & Malaney, P. N. 2000. Demographic change and economic growth in Asia.
  • Population and Development Review, 26(supp.), 257–290.
  • Blanc, L. 2015. The European Pharmaceutical Industry in a Global Economy: what drives EU exports of pharmaceuticals? No. 31. European Economic Studies Department, College of Europe.
  • Boldrin, M., & Levine, D. K. 2002. “The pharmaceutical Industry”. In: M. Boldrin and DK Levine, Against Intellectual Monopoly. Chapter 9, 212-242.
  • Boring, A. 2010. Does Foreign Patent Protection Increase the United States' Trade of Pharmaceuticals with Developing Countries. Unpublished paper.
There are 10 citations in total.

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Journal Section Articles
Authors

Gönül Muratoğlu This is me

Publication Date October 31, 2017
Published in Issue Year 2017 Volume: 12 Issue: 48

Cite

APA Muratoğlu, G. (2017). Does Pharmaceutical Industry Boost Economic Growth? A Competitiveness-Related Approach. Yaşar Üniversitesi E-Dergisi, 12(48), 296-314.
AMA Muratoğlu G. Does Pharmaceutical Industry Boost Economic Growth? A Competitiveness-Related Approach. Yaşar Üniversitesi E-Dergisi. October 2017;12(48):296-314.
Chicago Muratoğlu, Gönül. “Does Pharmaceutical Industry Boost Economic Growth? A Competitiveness-Related Approach”. Yaşar Üniversitesi E-Dergisi 12, no. 48 (October 2017): 296-314.
EndNote Muratoğlu G (October 1, 2017) Does Pharmaceutical Industry Boost Economic Growth? A Competitiveness-Related Approach. Yaşar Üniversitesi E-Dergisi 12 48 296–314.
IEEE G. Muratoğlu, “Does Pharmaceutical Industry Boost Economic Growth? A Competitiveness-Related Approach”, Yaşar Üniversitesi E-Dergisi, vol. 12, no. 48, pp. 296–314, 2017.
ISNAD Muratoğlu, Gönül. “Does Pharmaceutical Industry Boost Economic Growth? A Competitiveness-Related Approach”. Yaşar Üniversitesi E-Dergisi 12/48 (October 2017), 296-314.
JAMA Muratoğlu G. Does Pharmaceutical Industry Boost Economic Growth? A Competitiveness-Related Approach. Yaşar Üniversitesi E-Dergisi. 2017;12:296–314.
MLA Muratoğlu, Gönül. “Does Pharmaceutical Industry Boost Economic Growth? A Competitiveness-Related Approach”. Yaşar Üniversitesi E-Dergisi, vol. 12, no. 48, 2017, pp. 296-14.
Vancouver Muratoğlu G. Does Pharmaceutical Industry Boost Economic Growth? A Competitiveness-Related Approach. Yaşar Üniversitesi E-Dergisi. 2017;12(48):296-314.