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Kalam Cosmological Argument and the Modern Science

Year 2018, Volume: 16 Issue: 1, 1 - 13, 30.06.2018
https://doi.org/10.18317/kaderdergi.417640

Abstract

Huduth argument (in contemporary Western philosophy known as Kalam Cosmological argument) is an argument for the existence of God which rests on the idea that the universe has a beginning in time. Some theists have claimed that modern science, particularly modern cosmology and second law of thermodynamics supports the key premise of the argument which argues that universe began to exist. On the other hand, some atheists have claimed that Quantum Mechanics have demonstrated that particles can be created without cause falsifying the causal principle of the Kalam cosmological argument which states that everything that begins to exist has a cause. In this article we will evaluate these claims and try to determine what modern science has to say about this argument developed by medieval Muslim theologians. 

References

  • Bertschinger, E.,‘Simulations of Structure Formation in the Universe’, Annual Review of Astronomy and Astrophysics 36 no.1 (1998): 599–654.
  • Craig, W. L., The Kalām Cosmological Argument, London: The Macmillan Press, 1979.
  • Craig, W. L. and Sinclair, J. D. ,‘The Kalām Cosmological Argument’, in W. L. Craig and J. P. Moreland (eds.), The Blackwell Companion to Natural Theology, London: Blackwell, 2009, 101–201.
  • Craig, W. L., The Tensed Theory of Time: A Critical Examination, Dordrecht: Kluwer Academic Publishers, 2000.
  • Craig, W. L., The Tenseless Theory of Time: A Critical Examination, Dordrecht: Kluwer Academic Publishers, 2000.
  • G. Ellis,G.; Murugan, J. and Tsagas, C., ‘The Emergent Universe: An Explicit Construction’, Classical and Quantum Gravity 21 (2004): 233–50.
  • Ford, L., ‘Negative Energy Densities in Quantum Field Theory’, International Journal of Modern Physics A A25, no. 2355 (2010).
  • Fumagalli, M., O'Meara, J. M., Prochaska, J. X., ‘Detection of Pristine Gas Two Billion Years After the Big Bang’. Science 334 no. 6060 (2011): 1245–9.
  • Hackett, S. The Resurraction of Theism, Chicago: Moody Press, 1957.
  • Hawking, S. W., and Ellis, G.F.R, The large scale structure of space-time, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1973.
  • Koons, R. C. , ‘A New Kalam Argument: Revenge of the Grim Reaper’ Noûs, 48 no.2 (2014): 256-267.
  • Nowacki, M., The Kalām Cosmological Argument for God, New York: Barnes and Noble, 2007.
  • Oderberg, D. S., ‘Traversal of the Infinite, the ‘Big Bang,’and the Kalam Cosmological argument’, Philosophia Christi, 4 no.2 (2002): 305–344.
  • Oppy, G., ‘Professor William Craig’s Criticisms of Critiques of Kalam Cosmological Arguments by Paul Davies, Stephen Hawking, and Adolf Grunbaum’, Faith and Philosophy, 12, no. 2 (1994): 237-250.
  • Kroemer, H. and Kittel, C., Thermal Physics, W. H. Freeman Company, 1980.
  • Mithani, A. and Vilenkin, A., ‘Instability of an Emergent Universe’, Journal of Cosmology and Astroparticle Physics 1405, 2014.
  • Mukhanov, V., Physical Foundations of Cosmology, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2005.
  • Steinhardt, P. and Turok, N., ‘A Cyclic Model of the Universe” Science 296 no.1 (2002): 436–39
  • Tolman, R. C., Relativity, Thermodynamics, and Cosmology, New York: Dover, 1987.
  • Wall, A., ‘The Generalized Second Law implies a Quantum Singularity Theorem’, Class. Quantum Grav. 30, no.165003 (2013).

Kelâm’in Kozmolojik Argümani ve Modern Bilim

Year 2018, Volume: 16 Issue: 1, 1 - 13, 30.06.2018
https://doi.org/10.18317/kaderdergi.417640

Abstract

Hudus delili (Günümüz batı felsefesinde Kelam’ın kozmolojik kanıtı olarak da bilinir) Tanrı’nın varlığı lehinde geliştirilmiş, evrenin zamanda bir başlangıcı olduğu fikrine dayanan bir delildir. Bazı teistler modern bilimin, özellikle modern kozmoloji ve termodinamiğinin ikinci yasasının argümanın kilit öncülü olan evrenin zamanda bir başlangıcı olduğu iddiasını desteklediğini iddia etmişlerdir. Diğer taraftan bazı ateistler Kuantum Mekaniğinin parçacıkların nedensiz olarak yaratılabileceğini gösterdiğini, bunun da başlangıcı olan her şeyin bir nedeni olduğunu ifade eden Hudus delilinin nedensellik öncülünü yanlışladığını iddia etmişlerdir. Bu makaledeki amacımız bu iddiaları değerlendirip, modern bilimin Müslüman kelamcılar tarafından geliştirilen bu delil hakkında ne söylediğini belirlemektir.

References

  • Bertschinger, E.,‘Simulations of Structure Formation in the Universe’, Annual Review of Astronomy and Astrophysics 36 no.1 (1998): 599–654.
  • Craig, W. L., The Kalām Cosmological Argument, London: The Macmillan Press, 1979.
  • Craig, W. L. and Sinclair, J. D. ,‘The Kalām Cosmological Argument’, in W. L. Craig and J. P. Moreland (eds.), The Blackwell Companion to Natural Theology, London: Blackwell, 2009, 101–201.
  • Craig, W. L., The Tensed Theory of Time: A Critical Examination, Dordrecht: Kluwer Academic Publishers, 2000.
  • Craig, W. L., The Tenseless Theory of Time: A Critical Examination, Dordrecht: Kluwer Academic Publishers, 2000.
  • G. Ellis,G.; Murugan, J. and Tsagas, C., ‘The Emergent Universe: An Explicit Construction’, Classical and Quantum Gravity 21 (2004): 233–50.
  • Ford, L., ‘Negative Energy Densities in Quantum Field Theory’, International Journal of Modern Physics A A25, no. 2355 (2010).
  • Fumagalli, M., O'Meara, J. M., Prochaska, J. X., ‘Detection of Pristine Gas Two Billion Years After the Big Bang’. Science 334 no. 6060 (2011): 1245–9.
  • Hackett, S. The Resurraction of Theism, Chicago: Moody Press, 1957.
  • Hawking, S. W., and Ellis, G.F.R, The large scale structure of space-time, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1973.
  • Koons, R. C. , ‘A New Kalam Argument: Revenge of the Grim Reaper’ Noûs, 48 no.2 (2014): 256-267.
  • Nowacki, M., The Kalām Cosmological Argument for God, New York: Barnes and Noble, 2007.
  • Oderberg, D. S., ‘Traversal of the Infinite, the ‘Big Bang,’and the Kalam Cosmological argument’, Philosophia Christi, 4 no.2 (2002): 305–344.
  • Oppy, G., ‘Professor William Craig’s Criticisms of Critiques of Kalam Cosmological Arguments by Paul Davies, Stephen Hawking, and Adolf Grunbaum’, Faith and Philosophy, 12, no. 2 (1994): 237-250.
  • Kroemer, H. and Kittel, C., Thermal Physics, W. H. Freeman Company, 1980.
  • Mithani, A. and Vilenkin, A., ‘Instability of an Emergent Universe’, Journal of Cosmology and Astroparticle Physics 1405, 2014.
  • Mukhanov, V., Physical Foundations of Cosmology, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2005.
  • Steinhardt, P. and Turok, N., ‘A Cyclic Model of the Universe” Science 296 no.1 (2002): 436–39
  • Tolman, R. C., Relativity, Thermodynamics, and Cosmology, New York: Dover, 1987.
  • Wall, A., ‘The Generalized Second Law implies a Quantum Singularity Theorem’, Class. Quantum Grav. 30, no.165003 (2013).
There are 20 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language English
Subjects Religious Studies
Journal Section Articles
Authors

Enis Doko 0000-0001-9021-6021

Publication Date June 30, 2018
Submission Date April 21, 2018
Acceptance Date June 29, 2018
Published in Issue Year 2018 Volume: 16 Issue: 1

Cite

APA Doko, E. (2018). Kelâm’in Kozmolojik Argümani ve Modern Bilim. Kader, 16(1), 1-13. https://doi.org/10.18317/kaderdergi.417640
AMA Doko E. Kelâm’in Kozmolojik Argümani ve Modern Bilim. Kader. June 2018;16(1):1-13. doi:10.18317/kaderdergi.417640
Chicago Doko, Enis. “Kelâm’in Kozmolojik Argümani Ve Modern Bilim”. Kader 16, no. 1 (June 2018): 1-13. https://doi.org/10.18317/kaderdergi.417640.
EndNote Doko E (June 1, 2018) Kelâm’in Kozmolojik Argümani ve Modern Bilim. Kader 16 1 1–13.
IEEE E. Doko, “Kelâm’in Kozmolojik Argümani ve Modern Bilim”, Kader, vol. 16, no. 1, pp. 1–13, 2018, doi: 10.18317/kaderdergi.417640.
ISNAD Doko, Enis. “Kelâm’in Kozmolojik Argümani Ve Modern Bilim”. Kader 16/1 (June 2018), 1-13. https://doi.org/10.18317/kaderdergi.417640.
JAMA Doko E. Kelâm’in Kozmolojik Argümani ve Modern Bilim. Kader. 2018;16:1–13.
MLA Doko, Enis. “Kelâm’in Kozmolojik Argümani Ve Modern Bilim”. Kader, vol. 16, no. 1, 2018, pp. 1-13, doi:10.18317/kaderdergi.417640.
Vancouver Doko E. Kelâm’in Kozmolojik Argümani ve Modern Bilim. Kader. 2018;16(1):1-13.