Bir Üniversite Hastanesindeki Sağlık Çalışanlarında Covid-19’un Sosyal Destek Algısına ve Strese Etkisi

Abstract

Amaç: Sağlık çalışanları, enfekte kişiler ile aynı ortamda uzun süreli olmalarından dolayı daha fazla covıd-19 bulaş riski ile karşı karşıya kalabilmekte, bundan kaynaklı olarak da daha fazla stres altında olabilmektedirler. Bu çalışma bir üniversite hastanesindeki sağlık çalışanlarında covid-19’un sosyal destek algısına ve strese etkisini belirlemek amacıyla planlanmıştır. Materyal ve Metot: Araştırma tanımlayıcı ve kesitsel nitelikte bir araştırmadır. Araştırmanın evrenini bir üniversite hastanesinde çalışan sağlık çalışanları oluşturmuştur. Araştırmaya 18 Nisan-18 Mayıs 2020 tarihleri arasında çalışmaya katılmayı kabul edenler alınmıştır. Tanıtıcı bilgi formu, Akut Stres Belirti Şiddeti Ölçeği (ASBÖ) ve Çok Boyutlu Algılanan Sosyal Destek Ölçeği (ÇBASDÖ) ile veriler toplanmıştır. Bu veriler “Statistical Package for the Social Sciences 24.0” kullanılarak analiz edilmiştir. Verilerin değerlendirilmesinde ortalama, standart sapma, sayı ve yüzde, Mann Whitney U testi, Kruskal Wallis Varyans Analizi ve Spearman Korelasyon Analizi kullanılmıştır. Bulgular: Sağlık çalışanlarının ASBÖ puan ortalaması 1,40±0,83, ÇBASDÖ toplam puanı 70,9±14,56’dır. Katılımcıların sosyal destek ölçeği alt boyut ölçek puan ortalamaları Aile 25,07±4,78, Arkadaş 22,57±6,01 ve Özel Bir İnsan 23,27±6,94 olarak bulunmuştur. Sağlık çalışanlarının ASBÖ ile Aile, Arkadaş, Özel Bir İnsan alt boyutları ve ölçek genel toplam arasında zayıf düzeyde, negatif bir ilişki olduğu saptanmıştır (p<0,05). Sonuç: Sağlık çalışanlarının akut stres belirti düzeyinin hafif olduğu, çok boyutlu sosyal destek algılarının ise oldukça yüksek olduğu sonucuna varılmıştır. Özellikle pandemi gibi riskli dönemlerde, sağlık çalışanlarının stres düzeylerini düşük seviyede tutmak için sosyal destek kaynaklarını harekete geçirerek sosyal desteğin artırılması ve bunun sağlık çalışanları için önemini anlatan düzenli eğitim programlarının hazırlanması önemli olabilir.

Keywords

• Covid-19
• sağlık çalışanı
• sosyal destek algısı; stres

Effect of Covid-19 on Social Support Perception and Stress in Healthcare Workers at a Tertiary Hospital

Abstract

Aim: Healthcare workers may be at higher risk of Covid-19 transmission due to sharing the same setting with infected people for a long time, increasing their susceptibility to stress. This study set out to identify the effect of Covid-19 on social support perception and stress levels in healthcare workers based at a tertiary hospital. Material and Method: This is a descriptive and cross-sectional study. The healthcare workers practicing at a tertiary hospital constituted the study population. Those giving their informed consent to enroll in the study between April 18 and May 18, 2020, were included in the study. Data were collected through an introductory information form, the Acute Stress Symptom Scale (ASSS), and the Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support (MSPSS). The statistical analyses were performed with the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences v.24.0. The data set was evaluated through mean scores, standard deviation, number and percentage, Mann Whitney U test, Kruskal Wallis Variance Analysis, and Spearman Correlation Analysis. Results: The mean ASSS score of healthcare workers was 1.40±0.83, while the total MSPSS score was 70.9±14.56. The mean scores of sub-dimensions in the perceived social support scale were identified as family 25.07±4.78, friends 22.57±6.01, and significant other 23.27±6.94. A weak, negative correlation was revealed between healthcare workers’ ASSS scores and the subdimensions of family, friends, significant other, and the total scale score (p<0.05). Conclusion: It can be concluded that healthcare workers’ acute stress symptom level was mild, while their multidimensional social support perception was relatively high. Most notably, in risky times such as pandemics, it may be important to intensify social support by mobilizing social support resources to minimize their stress level and organizing regular training programs explaining the importance of this effort for healthcare workers.

Keywords

• Covid-19
• healthcare worker
• social support perception; stress

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