The Effect of Gender Role Attitudes on Multidimensional Leadership Orientations Among Pre-hospital Emergency Medical Services Worker

Abstract

Aim: This study aims to examine the effects of gender roles on multidimensional leadership orientations of employees working in pre-hospital emergency medical services. Material and Method: The research was planned as a cross-sectional study. The sample consisted of 350 emergency health service workers. Data were collected using a socio-demographic information form, the Gender Role Attitude Scale, and the Multidimensional Leadership Orientations Scale. Data analysis was performed using IBM Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) program version 22.0, with statistical significance set at p<0.05. Results: The mean age of the participants was found to be 24.21±6.39. Gender showed a significant difference in terms of the Gender Roles Attitude Scale; male participants had higher scale scores than female participants. In terms of the Multidimensional Leadership Orientations Scale, both gender and profession showed significant differences. While the human leadership sub-dimension scores of female participants were found to be higher than males, the total scale scores of doctors and paramedics were found to be higher compared to emergency medical technicians (p<0.05). No significant relationship was found between the Gender Roles Attitude Scale and the Multidimensional Leadership Orientations Scale (p>0.05). Conclusion: In this study, which was conducted to examine the effect of gender roles on multi-dimensional leadership orientations of pre-hospital emergency medical services employees, it is striking that although male personnel received high scores in Gender Role Attitude Scale and female personnel received high scores in the Multidimensional Leadership Orientations Scale human resources subdimension, both genders received lower scores in the Multidimensional Leadership Orientations Scale total and sub-dimensions.

Keywords

• emergency medical service
• gender roles
• leadership

References

1. 1. Bayrami R, Ebrahimipour H. Rezazadeh A. Challenges in pre hospital emergency medical service in Mashhad: a qualitative study. CABI Databases. 2017;16(2):82–90. http://jhosp.tums. ac.ir/article-1–5697-tr.pdf
2. 2. Ulaş S. Factors affecting job satisfaction of healthcare workers in pre-hospital emergency medical services. Journal of PreHospital Emergency Medicine. 2023;7(3):411–23.
3. 3. Sarı B. Comparison of the tasks of employees working in prehospital and emergency medical services: Turkey, the USA and Canada examples. Emerg Aid Disaster Science. 2021;1(1):3–10.
4. 4. Şimşek P, Günaydın M, Gündüz A. Pre-hospital emergency health services: The case of Turkey. Gümüşhane University Journal of Health Sciences. 2019;8(1):120–27.
5. 5. Dökmen Z. Y. Toplumsal cinsiyet, sosyal psikolojik açıklamalar. İstanbul: Remzi Kitabevi:2004.
6. 6. Blackstone A. M. Gender Roles And Society. Santa Barbara: ABC-CLIO;2003:335–38.
7. 7. Gökçay G. Kadınların toplumsal cinsiyet rollerine ilişkin tutumlarının belirlenmesi (yayımlanmış yüksek lisans tezi) . Kars;Kafkas Üniversitesi, Sağlık Bilimleri Enstitüsü:2020.
8. 8. Aydın E. Ö. Dönüştürücü liderlik ve toplumsal cinsiyet rolleri arasındaki ilişkinin incelenmesi (yayınlanmamış yüksek lisans tezi). Ankara;Ankara Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü:2009.

9. 9. Gökçay G, Akça D. Determination of the Attitudes of the Gender Roles of Women Applied to the Gynecology Polyclinic Center of Health Research and Application of Kafkas University. Kafkas Journal of Medical Sciences. 2020;10(2):81–90.
10. 10. Yilmaz Z. D. K, Yilmaz T, Tokman E. Views of healthcare professionals on gender roles: A qualitative study. Heliyon. 2023;9(8).
11. 11. Konak F, Kenanoğlu S. N. Women in Employment from the Perspective of Corporate Governance: An Evaluation of Women-Friendly Companies. Women and Life. 2023;191.
12. 12. Suokonautio B, Kouvonen A, Nordquist H. Role identities of emergency medical services personnel and their associations with intention to leave the profession. BMC Emergency Medicine. 2024;24.
13. 13. Pangbourne L, Houghton S, Pountney A, Bell F. PP46 Clinical leadership in pre-hospital emergency medicine: who do pre-hospital personnel perceive to be the leader and why?. Emergency Medicine Journal 2023.
14. 14. https://www. medhesap. com/orneklem-boyutuhesaplama/#google_ vignette. (ET; 10.02.2024)
15. 15. Özden S, Gölbaşı Z. Determınatıon Of Health Workers’ Attıtudes Towards Gender Roles. Journal of Health Sciences of Kocaeli University. 2018;4(3):95–100.
16. 16. Bayrakdaroğlu Y, Şenel E, Karakuş K. The Relationship Between Multidimensional Leadership and Emotion Regulation. Journal of Sports Education. 2022;6(3):228–39.
17. 17. Bakioğlu F, Türküm A. S. Adaptation of Gender Role Attitudes Scale to Turkish: A Study of Validity and Reliability. Kastamonu Education Journal. 2019;27(2):717–25.
18. 18. Dursun M, Günay M, Yenel İ. F. Multidimensional Leadership Orientations Scale (MLOS): Validity and Reliability Study. International Journal of Management Academy. 2019;2(2):333–47.
19. 19. García-Cueto E, Rodríguez-Díaz F. J, Bringas-Molleda C, López-Cepero, J., Paíno-Quesada, S. Rodríguez-Franco L. Development of the gender role attitudes scale amongst young Spanish people. International Journal of Clinical and Health Psychology. 2015;15(1):61–8.
20. 20. Büyüköztürk Ş. Sosyal bilimler için veri analizi el kitabı. Ankara: Pegem Akademi Yayınları;2014.
21. 21. Palas P, Aksu S. The Relatıonshıp Between Health Care Students’ Attıtudes Towards Gender Roles And Psychologıcal Wellbeıng. Life Skills Journal of Psychology. 2020;4(7):91–100.
22. 22. Sis Ç. A, Pasinlioğlu T, Tan G, Koyuncu H. Determination of university students’ attitudes about gender equality. Florence Nightingale Journal of Nursing. 2013;21(3):181–86.
23. 23. Karasu F, Göllüce A, Güvenç E, Çelik S. (2017). The Attitudes of the University Students’ Regarding the Gender Roles. SDU Journal of Health Sciences Institute. 2017;1:1–8.
24. 24. Önder Ö. R, Yalçın A. S, Göktaş B. The Attıtude Of The Health Instıtutıons Management Department Students Towards Socıal Sexual Roles. Ankara Health Sciences Journal. 2013;2(1):55–78.
25. 25. Mert-Karadas M, Terzioglu F, Koc G. Effects of personality traits and leadership orientations of Turkish nursing students on their career adaptability: a cross-sectional study. Leadership in Health Services. 2024;37(1):53–68.
26. 26. Ünlü İ. O. (2023). Leadership Order of Kick Boks Athletes. Yalova Unıversıty Journal Of Sports Scıences. 2023;2(1):12–29.
27. 27. Güngör G. Investigation of Relationship Between the Gender Role Perceptions and the Leadership Behavior of Students at the Faculty of Sports Sciences (yayınlanmamış yüksek lisans tezi) . Bursa;Uludağ Üniversitesi:2022.
28. 28. Özdemir Özkan N, Akın S, Durna Z. Leadership Orientations 141 and Motivation Levels of Nursing Students. Journal of Education and Research in Nursing. 2015;12(1):51–61.
29. 29. Gursoy E, Aksoy M. U. Determination of personality characteristics and leadership orientation of nursing and midwifery students. Journal of Education and Research in Nursing. 2021;18(1):37.
30. 30. Çevik A, Alan S. Investigation Of The Relationship Between T he Leadership Trends Of The Midwifery Students And T he Conditions Of Intermediation To The Midwife Profession. JOWHEN Journal of Women’s Health Nursing. 2021;7(3):182–96.
31. 31. Özdemir Y, Buyruk H, Güngör S. The Relationship between Teacher Candidates’ Critical Thinking Tendency and Leadership Orientations. Mersin University Journal of the Faculty of Education. 2018;14(2):548–71.
32. 32. Kurtyemez H. Spor bilimleri fakültesi öğrencilerinin liderlik özellikleri ile başarı yönelimleri arasındaki ilişki: Samsun ili örneği (yayınlanmamış yüksek lisans tezi) . Samsun;Ondokuz Mayıs Üniversitesi, Lisansüstü Eğitim Enstitüsü:2021.
33. 33. Sarıkol E, Ustaoğlu Hoşver P. Examination of The Leadership Style Perceptions of The Students in the Faculty of Sports Sciences. Gaziantep University Journal of Sport Sciences. 2023;8(1):18–30.
34. 34. Arslan S. Transformational Leadership and Gender: A Survey on Last Year Students in Faculty of Medicine (yayınlanmamış yüksek lisans tezi) . Sakarya;Sakarya Üniversitesi:2014.
35. 35. Çetin D, Güler S. (2018). Concept Of Leadership Perception Styles As A Part Of Social Gender Roles In University Students. Balkan and Near Eastern Journal of Social Sciences. 2018;4(2):47–54.
36. 36. Barda B. Üniversite öğrencilerinin liderlik tarzları ile toplumsal cinsiyet rolleri arasındaki ilişkinin incelenmesi (yayınlanmamış yüksek lisans tezi) . İstanbul;Medipol Üniversitesi:2019.