Hospitalized Recurrent Deep Vein Thrombosis: Demographic, Clinical, and Laboratory Insights from a Single-Center Retrospective Study

Abstract

Aim: This study aimed to analyze the demographic, clinical, and laboratory characteristics of hospitalized patients with recurrent deep vein thrombosis (rDVT) and to identify associated risk factors and treatment outcomes. Material and Methods: A retrospective review was conducted on 45 patients hospitalized with rDVT between October 2021 and October 2023. Patients with active cancer, hematological or rheumatological diseases, immunosuppression, or organ failure were excluded. Demographic data, clinical characteristics, venous Doppler imaging, and emergency laboratory results were analyzed. Patients were grouped based on proximal or distal thrombus location, infection burden, and hospital length of stay. Statistical analyses included Student’s t-test, Mann-Whitney U test, and Spearman correlation. Results: The median age of the study population was 72 years, with a higher prevalence in males (55.6%). Key risk factors included major surgery within two years (40%), diabetes mellitus (37.8%), and hormone replacement therapy (22.2%). Proximal thrombus was identified in 51% of patients, with males predominantly affected, while females showed higher rates of distal thrombus. Median hospital stay was five days, and longer stays were associated with elevated inflammatory markers, including CRP and uric acid levels. A significant correlation between D-dimer and uric acid was observed (r=0.40, p=0.005). Dual therapy with low molecular weight heparin and rivaroxaban was more common in proximal thrombus cases. Conclusion: This study highlights the distinct clinical and laboratory characteristics of hospitalized rDVT patients, with gender– and location-specific differences influencing management strategies. The positive correlation between D-dimer and uric acid suggests a potential role of uric acid as a biomarker in resource-limited settings. Further research is warranted to address the genetic and hereditary aspects of rDVT.

Keywords

• recurrent deep vein thrombosis
• risk factors
• thrombus location
• anticoagulation therapy; laboratory biomarkers

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