Prevalence and Clinical Features of Body Dismorphic Disorder on Psychiatric Inpatients: A Cross-sectional Study in Edirne/TURKEY

Abstract

Aim: Body dysmorphic disorder (BDD) is characterized by the presence of an imaginary defect of oneself and an increased mental occupation which causes either an impairment in functionality or clinical distress. The aim of our study was to detect BDD prevalence and its clinical features in hospitalized psychiatric patients. Material and Method: Hospitalized patients in our clinics were evaluated. All the patients in our study were evaluated by using a questionnaire that was prepared in accordance with the BDD literature by the authors, a sociodemographic data form, Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-IV Axis I Disorders (SCID-I) and Structured Clinical Interview for Axis II Disorders (SCID-II). Results: BDD prevalence was found to be 7% in hospitalized psychiatric patients. It was also observed that all patients with BDD had self-image anxiety, had mirror checking behaviour, tended to camuflage the perceived defect, spent more than one hour in selfimage anxiety and had personality disorders. Howeve, none of the BDD patients ever mentioned any symptoms related to BDD unless they were asked and none of them had been diagnosed with BDD by the psychiatric team who were treating them. Conclusion: BDD is relatively common in hospitalized psychiatric patients. Therefore most BDD patients are not diagnosed. BDD diagnosis rate might be improved by questioning BDD as well as inspecting self-image anxiety. 

Keywords

• body dysmorphic disorder; prevalence; inpatients; body image

Yatarak Tedavi Gören Psikiyatri Hastalarında Beden Dismorfik Bozukluğu Yaygınlığı ve Özellikleri: Edirne/TÜRKİYE’de Kesitsel Bir Araştırma

Abstract

Amaç: Beden dismorfik bozukluğu (BDB), klinik olarak belirgin sıkıntı yaratan veya işlevselliğin önemli alanlarında bozukluğa yol açan, kişinin görünüşündeki hayali bir kusur ile artmış zihinsel uğ- raşın varlığı ile karakterizedir. Yatarak tedavi gören psikiyatri hastalarında BDB yaygınlığını ve klinik özelliklerini belirlemeyi amaçladık. Materyal ve Metot: Kliniğimizde çeşitli nedenlerle yatarak tedavi gö- ren hastalar değerlendirildi. Çalışmaya katılan her hasta tarafımızdan hazırlanan sosyodemografik veriler ve BDB ile ilgili sorulardan oluşturduğumuz anket formu, Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-IV Axis I Disorders DSM-IV Eksen I Bozuklukları İçin Yapılandırılmış Klinik Görüşme (SCID-I) ve II. Eksen Kişilik Bozuklukları İçin Yapılandırılmış Klinik Görüşme (SCID-II) kullanılarak değerlendirildi. Bulgular: Yatarak tedavi gören psikiyatri hastalarında BDB yaygınlığını %7 olarak tespit edildi. BDB’li hastaların tamamında görünüm endişesi, ayna kontrolü, kusurlu bulduğu bölgeyi gizleme davranışı, görünüm endişesi ile ilgili olarak bir saatten fazla zaman harcama davranışı ve kişilik bozukluğu olduğu, ayrıca hiçbir BDB’lu hastanın sorulmadıkça BDB ile ilgili belirtiyi söylemediği ve hiç birinin BDB teşhisinin tedaviyi yürüten ekipçe koyulamadığı bulundu. Sonuç: Yatarak tedavi gören pskiyatri kliniği hastalarında BDB nispeten yaygın bir hastalıktır. Bu duruma rağmen teşhis edilememektedir. Bdb ye yönelik görünüm endişesi yanında kolayca sorgulanabilecek sorularla inceleme BDB teşhis oranını artırabilir.

Keywords

• beden dismorfik bozukluğu; yaygınlık; hastane yatarak tedavi; beden imajı

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